scholarly journals Geological structure of the Pre-jurassic basement of the Yugansk-Koltogorsk zone of the West Siberia

LITOSFERA ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 839-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill S. Ivanov ◽  
Stepan V. Berzin ◽  
Nadezhda V. Vakhrusheva ◽  
Nikolai P. Kostrov ◽  
Olga E. Pogromskaya

Subject of the study.We have carried out an additional exploration on petrography, petrochemistry, geochemistry, geochronology and biostratigraphy of rock complexes of the Yugansk-Koltogorsk (central part of West Siberia).Materials and methods.The materials are core samples from wells that penetrated the Pre-Jurassic basement rock complexes The used methods are as follows: X-ray spectrum microanalysis (Cameca SX 100, JEOL-733 Superprobe); the silicate analysis of the rocks (СРМ-18 and EDX-100); mass-spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS) (ELAN-9000 and Element2); zircons were analysed with a high resolution ionic microprobe SHRIMP-II (U-Pb); Ar-Ar dating was carried out by Micromass 5400; biostratigraphy, petrochemestry.Results.A geological map of Yugan-Koltogor zone of the central part of West-Siberian plate in a scale 1:500 000 was created. The map is a set of informational geological, geophysical and other layers. It was established that age of granites is Early Permian, the basalts of the rift zone began to form 268.4 ± 7.5 Ma ago (Ar-Ar). Conclusions. Volcanism in the axial rift zones of the West-Siberian megabasin basement began earlier than it is supposed before our study and significantly earlier of that of trap basalts of Siberian platform.

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Al-Bashaireh

AbstractLightweight concrete was widely used and mainly spread during the Roman period. This technology was used in the West Church, Umm el-Jimal, Jordan. The date of construction of the West Church is debated and different dates have been suggested based on its architectural styles and comparisons with other churches. This research aims to radiocarbon date the construction of the dome (church), archaeometrically characterize the mortar, and determine the source of the scoria. Three charcoals and two broken pieces comprising scoria from the mortar of the fallen dome and six large scoria samples from Quais cone were collected. The research used different analytical methods including accelerator mass spectrometry 14C, X-ray diffraction, petrographic microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 14C determinations dated the dome (church) to the Late Roman–Early Byzantine periods, which contradicted the archaeological data. Analytical results showed that the mortar is lime-based and hydraulic. The similarities in the mineralogical composition, macroscopic and microscopic features, and chemical composition (compared statistically) of the scoria samples and the short distance between Umm el-Jimal and the Quais volcanic cone very likely indicate that the Quais volcanic cone is the source of the scoria used in the fallen dome.


Agrociencia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-434
Author(s):  
Juliana Padilla-Cuevas ◽  
Hernani T. Yee-Madeira ◽  
Agustín Merino-García ◽  
Claudia Hidalgo ◽  
Jorge D. Etchevers

Las técnicas para analizar los elementos esenciales o tóxicos para las plantas y los seres humanos, ha experimentado un acelerado desarrollo en los últimos tiempos, tanto en las convencionales o clásicas, que requieren la solubilización de la muestra, como en otras emergentes que no la requieren. Las técnicas convencionales avanzadas y las no destructivas se usan poco por los investigadores en genética, agronomía, nutrición, fisiología, biología, para evaluar la composición y calidad nutrimental de alimentos, cuantificar elementos metálicos esenciales y tóxicos, diagnosticar el estado nutrimental de los cultivos y estudiar alimentos funcionales. Estas técnicas analíticas se pueden aplicar, además, a suelos, abonos y fertilizantes. El objetivo de este ensayo es difundir las posibilidades de aplicación y los principios básicos de estas técnicas analíticas emergentes. La espectrometría de emisión por atomización con plasma inductivamente acoplado (ICP, Inductively coupled plasma) y la de ICP masas (ICP-MS, Mass spectrometry with inductive coupling plasma) tienen mayor interés que las técnicas clásicas usadas en los laboratorios de los países de escaso desarrollo, como las espectrometrías de emisión (AES, Atomic emission spectrometry) y absorción atómica (AAS, Atomic absorption spectrometry), que requieren solubilización de la matriz. La ICP-MS y la ICP tienen ventajas para el análisis simultáneo de contenidos totales de la mayoría de los elementos esenciales para el crecimiento de los vegetales. Entre las técnicas no destructivas de la matriz, la mayoría de las consideradas en este ensayo se basan en la interacción de los rayos X con la materia, como fotoemisión de rayos X (XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry), emisión de rayos X inducida por partículas (PIXE, Particle induced X-ray emission), fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF, X-ray fluorescence) y espectrometría de dispersión de energía de rayos X (EDS, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), similares en sus fundamentos. Estas técnicas, a diferencias de las anteriores, no requieren solubilizar la muestra o su preparación es mínima. Otras ventajas son su rapidez, la realización de análisis multielemental simultáneo, tamaño pequeño de muestra, adquisición de la distribución de elementos químicos en la muestra y generar mapas en dos dimensiones. Las cuatro técnicas descritas más arriba analizan contenidos totales. PIXE y XRF presentan mayor sensibilidad que las otras dos para cuantificar elementos traza en concentraciones de partes por millón, y estas dos más EDS se pueden acoplar a microscopios ad hoc para obtener la distribución de elementos químicos y hacer mapeos. La técnica XPS permite analizar fracciones iónicas en estudios de estados de oxidación de los elementos, pero las concentraciones en las muestras deben ser superiores a 0.1% en peso. Las aplicaciones de las técnicas no destructivas generan información complementaria a las clásicas y aportan conocimiento básico. Otras ventajas es que la preparación de las muestras requiere menos tiempo, excepto cuando se requieren mapeos. Su capacidad para ejecutar multianálisis permite reducir costos. En México y otros países hay grupos de investigación especializados en estas técnicas, pero es necesario desarrollar e implementar aplicaciones para realizar análisis de matrices biológicas como vegetales (semillas, hojas, etc.), alimentos, abonos y matriz orgánica de los suelos. Un conocimiento más profundo de estas técnicas permitirá la interacción de grupos de investigación y generar información para estudios de ciencia básica en agronomía y alimentos.


2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yuan ◽  
Yanheng Li ◽  
Jingsen Fan

In this paper, the geochemical characteristics of the trace elements of the No. 6 coal seam from Tanggongta mine, Jungar Coalfield, were studied using the methods of an energydispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometric (XRF) techniques. The content of sulfur ranges from 0.09% to 2.83% (1.09% on average). The ash is from 11.70% to 31.47% (20.72% on average), and the moisture is from 2.72% to 6.82% (4.72% on average). The main minerals are kaolinite, carbonate minerals and pyrite. Compared with the average values of Chinese coal, the contents of Ga, Cd, Tl, Li, Sr, and Ag are high. Compared with the values of world coal, Li and Sr are found at high levels. The distribution mode of the REE shows that LREE is concentrated, but HREE is relatively low. The Yinshan Oldland should be the most likely source of the coal’s Li. The bauxite of the Benxi formation could be another source of the coal’s Li in the NE Jungar Coalfield.


Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Karampelas ◽  
Fatima Mohamed ◽  
Hasan Abdulla ◽  
Fatema Almahmood ◽  
Latifa Flamarzi ◽  
...  

The present study applied Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) on a large number of natural and cultured pearls from saltwater and freshwater environments, which revealed that freshwater (natural and cultured) pearls contain relatively higher quantities of manganese (Mn) and barium (Ba) and lower sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr) than saltwater (natural and cultured) pearls. A few correlations between the host animal’s species and chemical elements were found; some samples from Pinctada maxima (P. maxima) are the only studied saltwater samples with 55Mn >20 ppmw, while some P. radiata are the only studied saltwater samples with 24Mg <65 ppmw and some of the P. imbricata are the only studied saltwater samples with 137Ba >4.5 ppmw. X-ray luminescence reactions of the studied samples has confirmed a correlation between its yellow-green intensity and manganese content in aragonite, where the higher Mn2+ content, the more intense the yellow-green luminescence becomes. Luminescence intensity in some cases is lower even if manganese increases, either because of pigments or because of manganese self-quenching. X-ray luminescence can be applied in most cases to separate saltwater from freshwater samples; only samples with low manganese content (55Mn <50 ppmw) might be challenging to identify. One of the studied natural freshwater pearls contained vaterite sections which react by turning orange under X-ray due to a different coordination of Mn2+ in vaterite than that in aragonite.


2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Mei-Ju Hou ◽  
Chi-Jen Shih

The main objective of this study is to characterize the in vitro osteo inductive behavior of pearl nano crystallites. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and inductively coupled plasma mass (ICP-MS) analysis demonstrate that the pearls can induce the formation of a hydroxyl apatite (HA) layer on their surface in simulated body fluid (SBF), even after only short soaking periods. Further, MC3T3-E1 cells can easily attach and spread on the pearl powders after 1 h of cultivation.


2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 737-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Sovar ◽  
C. Ducu ◽  
D. Iordachescu ◽  
Ioana Demetrescu

The present work is focused on the stability of bioactivated CoCr alloy in biological environment (buffered saline solution (PBS), lactic acid, citric acid). The chemical and electrochemical deposition was characterized by electrochemical methods (open circuit potential, cyclic voltametry), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), x-ray diffractometer (XRD), inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) and citotoxicity test. The results prove a good electrochemical stability in all cases.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-212
Author(s):  
Ferian Anggara ◽  
Mutiara Cikasimi ◽  
Basuki Rahmat ◽  
Sigit Arso Wibisono ◽  
Rita Susilawati

Batubara telah menjadi salah satu sumber alternatif unsur-unsur tanah jarang (UTJ) seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan terhadap kebutuhan unsur-unsur tersebut. Kondisi geologis spesifik menyebabkan pengayaan konsentrasi UTJ pada batubara. Keterdapatan lapisan tipis material vulkanik (tonstein) pada Lapangan Batubara Muara Tiga Besar Utara, Formasi Muara Enim, Cekungan Sumatera Selatan menjadi salah satu indikasi terdapatnya pengayaan UTJ. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode petrografi sayatan poles, analisis-analisis X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), proksimat, dan geokimia; Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass/Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-MS/AES). Analisis geokimia menunjukkan pola distribusi UTJ didominasi oleh tipe UTJ Berat (Heavy Rare Earth Elements, HREE). Plot diagram nilai Coutl dan REOash menunjukkan prospek pengayaan UTJ termasuk ke dalam daerah prospek. Pola distribusi UTJ dan anomali redox sensitive dan redox non-sensitive menunjukkan tipe genetik pengayaan UTJ adalah tufaan. Pengayaan UTJ terjadi oleh proses pencucian alkaline tonstein yang terendapkan pada fase penggambutan dalam pembentukan batubara.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Denholm ◽  
A. S. Stepanov ◽  
S. Meffre ◽  
R. S. Bottrill ◽  
J. M. Thompson

Abstract The island state of Tasmania is the most important tin producer in Australia. The spatial and genetic relationship between Tasmanian tin deposits and Devonian-Carboniferous granites, which intruded throughout the Tabberabberan orogeny, has long been understood. However, little geochronological data is available to link mineralization to nearby intrusions. In this study, we investigate the connection between 19 Tasmanian tin deposits and their potential source granites, using U-Pb cassiterite dating by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Archean pegmatitic cassiterite was also characterized and used for the calibration of U-Pb ratios. Tin mineralization in Tasmania occurred between 391 ± 6.3 and 359 ± 7.8 Ma, which is coincident with most postorogenic granites of the Tabberabberan orogeny. In conjunction with the granite ages, cassiterite ages become younger from the east of the state to the west, and tin mineralization occurred over a protracted period spanning 32 m.y. Dating of several placer cassiterite samples produced unexpected results, such as the occurrence of 374 ± 4.7 Ma cassiterite on eastern King Island, an area known only to contain the 350 Ma Grassy granite, suggesting a distant provenance. Tasmanian cassiterite rarely shows evidence of Pb loss; however, some analyses are characterized by elevated Th and U, likely caused by microinclusions such as monazite, which may have a detrimental effect on cassiterite U-Pb dating. This study demonstrates the utility of cassiterite dating for understanding the origin of tin deposits in complex terrains with protracted periods of tin mineralization.


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