scholarly journals Incidence of mental disorders in the population of municipal areas of the Сhelyabinsk region in the remote period after accidental radioactive contamination

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
E. Y. Burtovaia ◽  
A. V. Akleyev ◽  
L. P. Barkovskaia ◽  
T. E. Kantina ◽  
E. A. Litvinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Radioactive Contamination ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

Relevance. Both Russian and foreign researchers pay attention to the mental disorders in people with a history of accidental radiation exposure. A wide range of mental pathologies have been observed among the Chernobyl NPP clean-up workers, victims of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, etc.Intention – To assess primary incidence of mental disorders and behavioral disorders in residents of the municipal areas of the Chelyabinsk region affected by radioactive contamination.Methodology. Primary incidence rates of mental disorders and behavioral disorders (F00–09, F20–99 ICD-10) were assessed for the period from 2005 to 2018 in residents of municipal areas of the Chelyabinsk regions (Kunashaksky, Krasnoarmeysky, Argayashsky, Kaslinsky, Sosnovsky districts) affected by radioactive contamination in 1949–1951 and 1957 as a result of the activities of the “Mayak” production association. These data were compared to that from non-contaminated Etkulsky district with similar population and economic activity. Mental disorders were classified according to the groups of the chapter V “Mental and behavioral disorders” of the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10). Incidence was calculated per 10 thousand population (0/000). Descriptive analysis of the registered primary incidence of mental disorders in residents of these districts of the Chelyabinsk region is presented.Results and discussion. The primary incidence rate of mental disorders in the Chelyabinsk region (49.1 ± 3.6) 0/000 significantly (p < 0.001) exceeds those in the Sverdlovsk (30.3 ± 4.2), Kurgan (30.2 ± 6.9) 0/000 regions and overall estimates for the Russian Federation (32.9 ± 3.8) 0/000 . In the remote period, primary incidence rates of mental disorders in the residents of some radioactively contaminated districts were higher vs Etkulsky district, but significantly lower than overall rates in the Chelyabinsk region (p < 0.001). Taking into account the territorial distribution of the exposed residents and their offspring in the Chelyabinsk region, mental retardation in residents of the Kunashak district should be closely monitored.Conclusion. Mental morbidity in areas accidentally contaminated more than 70 years ago now reflects the general trend of deterioration in the mental health of the population of the Chelyabinsk region. It can be assumed that the incidence of mental disorders in the population of the Chelyabinsk region is determined by a constellation of interacting factors (socio-economic, personal-psychological, radiation, informational and others), among which socially determined mechanisms of the mental pathology prevail.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

Intellectual disability and the ICD-11: towards clinical utility?

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherva Elizabeth Cooray ◽  
Sab Bhaumik ◽  
Ashok Roy ◽  
John Devapriam ◽  
Rahul Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Consensus Building ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Consultation ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Purpose – The 11th revision of the International Classification of diseases which sets global standards for defining, reporting and managing health conditions is under way. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) underpinning principle of clinical utility is currently poor for persons with Disorders of Intellectual Development (DID) and mental disorders. This impedes access to healthcare resources; services and social inclusion thereby further aggravating their vulnerability. The purpose of this paper is to present a critical overview and evidence informed recommendations within the context of an international collaborative programme, undertaken by the Faculty of Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability, Royal College of Psychiatrists, UK with support from the World Health Organisation (WHO). Design/methodology/approach – The authors carried out: first, a systematic review (SR) of literature, using PRISMA guidelines regarding the reliability, validity and utility of the ICD-10/Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic criteria in people with DID (PWDID); second, a national and international consultation exercise with partners, stakeholders and experts; third, a multicentric survey of problem behaviours in PWDID; and finally, information dissemination/dialogues including presentations and workshops at key scientific events, consultation networking, data gathering and consensus building. Findings – The SR revealed a dearth of robust studies – most consisting of weak research methodologies. Significant difficulties were highlighted regarding the application of diagnostic criteria in the current classificatory systems – particularly in people with severe/moderate DID. Recommendations supported the introduction WHERE APPROPRIATE of modifications based on observed phenomena (signs) in PWDID in lieu of reported symptoms to facilitate DIAGNOSIS AND better access to healthcare and the community. Heterogeneity precluded quantitative pooling and meta-analysis. The consensus building exercise globally revealed that problem behaviours were the commonest reasons for referral to healthcare services with significant numbers without a diagnosed mental disorder being prescribed psychoactive medication. Research limitations/implications – The consensus gathering exercise WAS SELECTIVE AND did not cover all of the 194 member states of WHO due to resource and time constraints and this constitutes the main limitation of our study. Based on the SR and expert consensus, the authors submitted evidence informed pragmatic proposals to the WHO aimed at addressing the shortcomings of the ICD-10. The key recommendations focused on improving clinical utility within the context of epistemic iteration which would consolidate and strengthen the future evidence base. It was also recommended that self-injurious behaviour should form a standalone sub category in view of its relevance for healthcare services and resources which underpin clinical utility. Practical implications – The ICD-11 is a global, multidisciplinary and multilingual development for public health benefit with 70 per cent of the world's health expenditures assigned using this system for resource allocation. Currently mental disorders in PWDID can be misinterpreted, unrecognised and under reported resulting in barriers to access to treatment and healthcare resources. Conversely disorders may be over diagnosed when the inherent discrepancies between the chronological age and the developmental level of functioning are not considered. Conclusions and recommendations from this study will result in better diagnosis of mental disorders and healthcare resources in this population. Social implications – PWDID are a vulnerable sector of the population with an increased prevalence of mental health problems who are marginalised and discriminated by society. Early detection, treatment and management of these conditions will prevent further decompensation and stigmatisation. Originality/value – To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first comprehensive, large-scale study which evaluates the ICD classificatory system within the context of clinical utility for PWDID, including experts and stakeholders from both lower/middle- and high-income countries. The international consultation/consensus building process culminating in the formulation of evidence informed recommendations, aimed at improving the clinical utility of the ICD-11 for this population, has the potential to improve access to appropriate healthcare and treatment and consequent enhancement of their quality of life.

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 and Beyond (ICD-11)

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zaudig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Related Approach ◽  
Dsm Iv

“A classification is the reification of an ideological position, of an accepted stand of theory and knowledge. It means creating, defining or confirming boundaries of concepts. These in turn define ourselves, our future and our past…” (Sartorius, 1991). The 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), Chapter V on Mental and Behavioral Disorders (World Healthorganization [WHO], 1992, 1993), and the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) have been adapted to the current clinical and scientific knowledge of mental disorders. Because ICD-10 has adapted the primarily descriptive and criteria-related approach from DSM-111, the general structures of both classifications are quite similar. However, complete congruency between ICD-10 and DSM-IV has not yet been reached.

Focus II: Is there agreement between DSM-IV and ICD-10?

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
M.J.A.J.M. Hoes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Gedurende de laatste jaren zijn nieuwe edities van twee grote classificatiesystemen uitgebracht. De American Psychiatric Association heeft in 1994 de vierde editie van de Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) gepubliceerd en de Wereldgezondheids-organisatie in 1991 de tiende editie van de International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Van de laatste is hier het vijfde hoofdstuk (V of F) over psychische stoornissen van belang.Vergeleken met de DSM-III (-R) uit 1980 (1987) is de DSM-IV qua structuur niet veranderd. Vergeleken met de DSM-III-R zijn er wel quantitatieve verschillen: 105 veranderde categorieën op as-I, 3 veranderde op as-II, 9 nieuwe voorstellen voor klinische aandacht, 13 nieuwe diagnoses, terwijl 8 classificaties verwijderd zijn en as-IV anders is gestructureerd, naar type belasting in plaats van ernst van belastende factoren.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal perforations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in Sweden: a nationwide cohort study

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e001201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Barbulescu ◽  
Bénédicte Delcoigne ◽  
Johan Askling ◽  
Thomas Frisell
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Population Controls ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ObjectivesTo compare incidence rates of gastrointestinal (GI) perforations between patients with RA and the general population, and between patients treated with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and non-TNFi biologics.MethodsIn this nationwide cohort study, a total of 63 532 patients with RA, with 26 050 biological treatment episodes (TNFi, rituximab, abatacept or tocilizumab) and 76 304 general population controls, were followed between 2009 and 2017 until the first outcome event. The main outcome was hospitalisation or death due to lower GI perforations, identified according to a prespecified list of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) codes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used for adjustment.ResultsThe sex-standardised and age-standardised incidence rates of lower GI perforations were 1.1 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.3) events per 1000 person-years among general population controls, 1.6 (1.5–1.7) among bionaïve patients and ranged from 1.8 (1.4–3.6) (TNFi) to 4.5 (2.7–10.4) (tocilizumab) among biologics-treated patients. After adjustment for glucocorticoid use, the risk in bionaïve, TNFi-treated, abatacept-treated or rituximab-treated patients with RA was no longer different from the general population, while for tocilizumab it remained significantly higher. Comparing tocilizumab to TNFi, the adjusted HR for lower GI perforations was 2.2 (1.3–3.8), corresponding to one additional GI perforation per 451 patient-years treated with tocilizumab instead of TNFi.ConclusionTocilizumab was associated with a higher risk of lower GI perforations compared with alternative biologics. In absolute numbers, the risk remained low on all biologics commonly used to treat RA, but the accumulated evidence across settings and outcome definitions supports that this risk should be considered in treatment guidelines for RA.

scholarly journals Validación de un punto de corte para la versión breve de la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos en adultos mayores mexicanos

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez ◽  
Betty Manrique-Espinoza ◽  
Gilberto Isaac Acosta-Castillo ◽  
Aurora Franco-Núñez ◽  
Óscar Rosas-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objetivo. Identificar un punto de corte válido para la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D) de siete reactivos, que permita clasificar a los adultos mayores según presencia/ausencia de síntomas depresivos clínicamente significativos. Material y métodos. Estudio de tamizaje con 229 adultos mayores residentes de los estados de Morelos y Tlaxcala en México, que fueron parte de la muestra de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, 2012. Se estimó la sensibilidad y especificidad asociada con el punto de corte seleccionado usando los criterios diagnósticos del ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) y del DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition). Resultados. El punto de corte estimado fue CES-D=5. De acuerdo con el ICD-10, los valores obtenidos de sensibilidad y especificidad fueron de 83.3 y 90.2%, y un valor ROC de 87% y, según el DSM-IV, los valores fueron 85, 83.2, y 84%, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La versión abreviada del CES-D puede ser utilizada como una prueba de tamizaje para identificar casos probables de adultos mayores con síntomas depresivos clínicamente significativos.

The World Health Organization's recent work on the lexicography of mental disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Janca ◽  
N Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Different Cultures

SummaryStandardization of nomenclature and terminology used in the field of mental health has been one of the main goals of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Mental Health Programme among recent activities undertaken to achieve this goal, is the development of definition and guidelines accompanying the chapter dealing with mental disorders in the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and of a set of instruments for the assessment of mental disorders. To enhance common understanding and uniformity of usage of the terms embedded in the classification and instruments and to facilitate their use in different cultures and settings, a series of lexica and glossaries has also been produced by WHO. The article describes the basic characteristics of the Lexicon of psychiatric and mental health terms, 2nd edition; Lexicon of alcohol and drug terms; Lexicon of crosscultural terms in mental health; SCAN glossary; and the ICD-10 symptom glossary for mental disorders.

Sexual Masochism and Sexual Sadism Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 161-194
Author(s):  
J. Paul Fedoroff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Sexual Masochism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Abstract: Sexual sadism and masochism encompass a wide range of sexual interests. The words “sadism” and “masochism” are also used to describe nonsexual situations. In this chapter, the concepts of sadism and masochism are discussed as they relate both to sexual sadism disorder and sexual masochism disorder and also to bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, sadism and masochism (BDSM). This chapter reviews the Fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases diagnostic criteria for sadism and masochism and discusses their difference from consensual BDSM. Variations are presented. Treatments and prognosis are discussed. A review of the recent literature on these topics is presented.

Comparison of the DSM–5 and ICD–10: panic and other anxiety disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borwin Bandelow
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Selective Mutism ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders and are associated with substantial healthcare costs and a high burden of disease. In this article, changes in the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (the DSM–5) with respect to panic disorder/agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, specific phobias, and selective mutism are compared with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD–10) system.

The classification of mental disorders in the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
The Future ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

SummaryThe chapter dealing with the classification of mental disorders in the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) has been developed after consultation with experts in many countries. Each of the categories has been clearly defined so as to facilitate the assignment of diagnoses. The descriptions of categories and the diagnostic guidelines have then been tested in 110 centres located in over 40 countries, and the results have been used to finalize the text. The classification will be issued in several versions - one for statistical purposes, one for clinicians, one for researchers and one for general practitioners. A multiaxial presentation of the classification is being tested at present and will be made available in early 1993. The paper describes the requirements and principles which led to the classification, depicts the process outlined above and gives prospects for the future.

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