Seasonal Changes in Water-soluble Ca Concentration and Blossom-end Rot in a Medium-sized Fruit Cultivar of Tomato ‘Cindy Sweet’ in Relation to Fruit Growth Rate

The increase in drought events due to climate change have enhanced the relevance of species with greater tolerance or avoidance traits to water restriction periods, such as Bromus valdivianus Phil. (B. valdivianus). In southern Chile, B. valdivianus and Lolium perenne L. (L. perenne) coexist; however, the pasture defoliation criterion is based on the physiological growth and development of L. perenne. It is hypothesised that B. valdivianus needs a lower defoliation frequency than L. perenne to enhance its regrowth and energy reserves. Defoliation frequencies tested were based on B. valdivianus leaf stage 2 (LS-2), leaf stage 3 (LS-3), leaf stage 4 (LS-4) and leaf stage 5 (LS-5). The leaf stage development of Lolium perenne was monitored and contrasted with that of B. valdivianus. The study was conducted in a glasshouse and used a randomised complete block design. For Bromus valdivianus, the lamina length, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, tiller number per plant, leaf area, leaf weights, root growth rate, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) and starch were evaluated. Bromus valdivianus maintained six live leaves with three leaves growing simultaneously. When an individual tiller started developing its seventh leaf, senescence began for the second leaf (the first relevant leaf for photosynthesis). Plant herbage mass, the root growth rate and tiller growth were maximised at LS-4 onwards. The highest leaf elongation rate, evaluated through the slope of the lamina elongation curve of a fully expanded leaf, was verified at LS-4. The water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) increased at LS-5; however, no statistical differences were found in LS-4. The LS-3 and LS-2 treatments showed a detrimental effect on WSCs and regrowth. The leaf photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance diminished while the leaf age increased. In conclusion, B. valdivianus is a ‘six-leaf’ species with leaf senescence beginning at LS-4.25. Defoliation at LS-4 and LS-5 was optimum for plant regrowth, maximising the aboveground plant parameters and total WSC accumulation. The LS-4 for B. valdivianus was equivalent to LS-3.5 for L. perenne. No differences related to tiller population in B. valdivianus were found in the different defoliation frequencies.

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Influence of temperature processing on the constitutive and inducible resistance of rye seedlings to chloride salinization

Вестник Пермского университета. Серия «Биология»=Bulletin of Perm University. Biology ◽

10.17072/1994-9952-2021-2-134-140 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 134-140

Author(s):

L. A. Chudinova ◽

◽

D. R. Yusupov ◽

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Sodium Chloride ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Soluble Proteins ◽

Final Concentration ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Thermal Pretreatment ◽

Thermal Hardening ◽

Influence Of Temperature ◽

Inducible Synthesis

We studied the growth rate of rye seedlings, as well as the dynamics of the content of soluble proteins and proline in the shoots during their adaptation to sharp (300 mM NaCl once, exposure time 9 days) and gradual (100 mM NaCl, then 100 mM NaCl after 2 days to the final concentration of 400 mM) salinity with sodium chloride in the presence or absence of thermal hardening (+40°C, 3 h). The established dy-namics of the content of proline and soluble proteins in the shoots suggests that the formation of re-sistance to salinity is determined by the high constitutive level of proline, as well as the stress-inducible synthesis of proline and water-soluble proteins. Thermal pretreatment of the seedlings stimulated their constitutive stability to a greater extent. The detected metabolic changes are obviously related to one of the possible mechanisms of the protective effect of thermal hardening on subsequent salinization.

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The effects of feeding frequencies on seasonal changes in growth rate and chemical composition of farmed cod (Gadus morhua)

Aquaculture Nutrition ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2095.2006.00396.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 157-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. SOLBERG ◽

L. WILLUMSEN ◽

S. AMBLE ◽

T. JOHANESSEN ◽

H. SVEIER

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Gadus Morhua

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Seasonal changes in growth rate, morphology and alginate content in Undaria pinnatifida at the northern limit in the Sea of Japan (Russia)

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1023/b:japh.0000019049.74140.61 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Anna Skriptsova ◽

Valentina Khomenko ◽

Vladimir Isakov

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Sea Of Japan ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Undaria Pinnatifida ◽

The Sea Of Japan ◽

Northern Limit ◽

Alginate Content

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Seaweed-associated animal communities in the Firth of Clyde, with special reference to the population biology of the amphipod Hyale nilssoni (Rathke)

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0269727000005030 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 271-286

Author(s):

P. G. Moore

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Life History ◽

Sex Ratio ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Population Biology ◽

Dynamic Equilibrium ◽

Present Knowledge ◽

New Work ◽

Animal Communities ◽

Breeding Status

SynopisPresent knowledge of animal communities associated with the algae of the Firth of Clyde is briefly reviewed. New work is presented on Hyale nilssoni (Rathke), the commonest amphipod inhabiting high littoral seaweeds, which describes the life-history characteristics over three years of a population associated with Pelvetia. Seasonal changes in growth rate, sex ratio and breeding status are described. Fecundity is investigated and data on brood and egg sizes compared with populations from other latitudes. The dynamic equilibrium between the grazer (Hyale) and the grazed (Pelvetia) is described.

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The growth of apricot fruit. II. The effects of temperature and gibberellic acid

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9670095 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 95 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

DI Jackson ◽

BG Coombe

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Cell Division ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Fruit Growth ◽

Cell Diameter ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Endogenous Gibberellin ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Size And Shape

The effect of temperature and gibberellic acid (GA3) applications on apricot fruit have been determined by measurements of fruit size and shape, mesocarp cell number, size, and shape, and endogenous gibberellin. Application of heat during the first 10 nights after anthesis increased the initial growth rate of fruit and of cells in the mesocarp and produced more rapid cell division in this tissue. It did not affect final fruit size or the number and diameter of cells in the mesocarp. Higher temperatures did, however, hasten maturity of fruit. GA3 perfused into branches before anthesis produced an increased drop of flower buds and fruit, raised the ratio of flower buds to leaf buds initiated that season, and resulted in elongated pedicels. Initially, fruit growth rate was increased by GA3, but subsequently it was depressed and final size was below normal. These effects on fruit size were mainly due to effects on the rate of cell division. Some differences were noted in the dimensions of cells but final radial cell diameter did not differ from untreated fruit. GA3-treated fruit ripened sooner than controls. Neither heating nor GA3 treatments affected the level of endogenous gibberellin-like substances in the fruit or their RF on paper chromatograms. There were no significant interactions between temperature and gibberellin in any parameter of apricot fruit growth.

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