scholarly journals EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INNOVATIVE SUNSCREEN (E) -4- (TERT-BUTYL) -N '- ((E) -3- (4-METHOXYPHENYL) ALLYLIDENE) BENZIDRAZIDA (TBMAB)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Alexandre Reis Junior ◽  
Bruna Santa Rosa ◽  
Juliana De Santana Reis ◽  
Marcos Antônio Corrêa ◽  
Bruna Galdorfini Chiari-Andréo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Sunscreen Formulation

The constant or repeated unprotected exposure to solar radiation can result in the onset of various harmful effects, such as inflammation, genetic mutation and hyperpigmentation, even than previous photoaging. The use of photoprotective formulations is one of the most effective tools to avoid this. However, most of the UV filters are unstable to UV radiation, can even permeate the skin and cause hepatotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a innovative sunscreen substance (E) -4- (tert-butyl) -N '- ((E) -3- (4-methoxyphenyl) allylidene) benzhydrazide. Methodology: The sunscreen formulation containing the innovative substance was subjected to various stress conditions: 45±2° C, 5±2° C and exposure to sunlight. These samples were evaluated in relation to its rheology, pH, viscosity, density and SPF to determine its stability. The assessment of TBMAB release from the formulation was performed in Microette equipment. Hepatoma cells (HepG2) were used to determine the TBMAB cytotoxicity. Results and Discussion: In the stability study, no significant changes were observed in the formulation. The maximum concentration of TBMAB released from the formulation was 3.63 µg.cm-2. Also, it was evident the cytotoxic effect on the concentrations well above 3.63 µg.cm-2,displaying the safety of this substance, considering HepG2 cells. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that TBMAB is a suitable innovative substance to be used in suscreens, exhibiting stability, desired SPF value and safety, considering HepG2 cells. Thus, it could be a new alternative to prevent skin cancer.  

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of the Potential Photoprotective Effect of Organogel-Based Lipstick Formulations: Texture Analysis, Rheological, Thermal and Sensory Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cloé L. Esposito ◽  
Plamen Kirilov
Keyword(s):  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Uv Protective Properties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Organogelators ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Unique Chemical

With the increase in occupation-specific risks of lip cancer associated with solar radiation, there is a need for developing photoprotective lipsticks to protect skin against harmful effects of UV radiation. Considering the unique chemical and physical properties of low-molecular-weight organogelators (LMOGs), the present study intended to assess the UV protective properties of LMOGs-based lipstick formulations. In this study, dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol (DBS) and 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) were used to formulate lipsticks : L1 (1% DBS), L2 (10% 12-HSA), L3 (1.5% DBS) and L4 (control, no LMOGs). The lipstick formulations were tested for in vitro sun protection factors (SPF), UVA protection factor (UVA-PF), thermal, mechanical and texture analyses. Lipsticks with LMOGs exhibited higher UVA-PF and SPF, and more particularly 12-HSA-based lipstick. Results showed also the viscoelastic and heat-resistant properties of LMOGs and their effect of increasing pay-off values. In general, texture analysis indicating that 12-HSA-based lipstick was significantly harder to bend compared to control, while other formulations became softer and easier to bend throughout the stability study. Finally, sensorial and instrumental analyses permitted to classify lipsticks into two groups. This work suggests the potential use of LMOGs as a structuring agent for lipsticks paving the way towards more photoprotective and sustainable-derived alternatives.

Degradation of UV filters 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate and 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane in chlorinated water

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Joel M. Santos ◽  
Diana M. A. Crista ◽  
Margarida S. Miranda ◽  
Isabel F. Almeida ◽  
José P. Sousa e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Chlorine Concentration ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
The Stability ◽  
By Products

Environmental context The increasing use of sun-creams containing UV-filtering chemicals has led to increased inputs of these compounds to the aquatic environment. Chlorinated waters can convert these chemicals into chlorinated products whose toxic effects are of primary concern. To better understand the environmental fate of sun-cream chemicals, we studied the stability of two UV-filtering compounds under varying conditions of pH, chlorine concentration, temperature, dissolved organic matter and solar irradiation. Abstract The stability of the UV filters 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC) and 4-tert-butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane (BDM) in chlorinated water was studied. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV-diode array detection (DAD) was used to follow the reaction kinetics of both UV filters and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used to tentatively identify the major transformation by-products. Under the experimental conditions used in this work both UV filters reacted with chlorine following pseudo-first order kinetics: rate constant k=0.0095±0.0007min–1 and half-life t1/2=73±4min for EHMC and rate constant k=0.006±0.001min–1 and half-life t1/2=119±14min for BDM (mean±standard deviation). The chemical transformation of the UV filters in chlorinated water led to the formation of chlorinated by-products that were tentatively identified as mono- and dichloro-substituted compounds that resulted from substitution of the hydrogen atoms in the benzene rings by one or two chlorine atoms. Experimental Box–Behnken designs were used to assess the effect of experimental factors: pH, temperature, chlorine concentration, dissolved organic matter and artificial sunlight irradiation on the transformation of the UV filters.

Cytotoxic effect of xyloglucan and oxovanadium (IV/V) xyloglucan complex in HepG2 cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Augusto dos Santos Escaliante ◽  
Bianca Busato ◽  
Carmen Lúcia de Oliveira Petkowicz ◽  
Silvia Maria Suter Correia Cadena ◽  
Guilhermina Rodrigues Noleto
Keyword(s):  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect

SPARC regulates ferroptosis induced by sorafenib in human hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hong-Wei Hua ◽  
Hao-Sheng Jiang ◽  
Ling Jia ◽  
Yi-Ping Jia ◽  
Yu-Lan Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Ldh Release ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Hcc Cells

BACKGROUND: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is implicated in cancer progression, but its role and associated molecular mechanism in the sorafenib sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) remains elusive. METHODS: Human HCC cell lines Hep3B and HepG2 were treated with sorafenib alone or combined with activator or inhibitor of ferroptosis. Cell viability assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and western blot were used to study the regulatory mechanism of SPARC on HCC cells. RESULTS: Overexpression of SPARC enhanced the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib in Hep3B and HepG2 cells compared with parental cells. Depletion of SPARC decreased the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib in Hep3B and HepG2 cells compared with parental cells. Moreover, overexpression of SPARC significantly induced LDH release, whereas depletion of SPARC suppressed the release of LDH in Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Inhibition of ferroptosis exerted a clear inhibitory role against LDH release, whereas activation of ferroptosis promoted the release of LDH in HCC cells, as accompanied with deregulated expression of ferroptosis-related proteins. Furthermore, overexpression of SPARC induced oxidative stress, whereas depletion of SPARC suppressed the production of ROS. Deferoxamine (DFX)-induced inhibition of ferroptosis suppressed the production of ROS, while activation of ferroptosis promoted the contents of ROS in HCC cells exposed to sorafenib. CONCLUSION: Our findings give a better understanding of ferroptosis and its molecular mechanism in HCC cells that is regulated by SPARC in response to sorafenib.

Black Rice and Rice Bran Inhibit Oxidative Stress Induced by Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide in HepG2 Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. S221
Author(s):  
Hyeonmi Ham ◽  
Seon-Mi Lee ◽  
Youngmin Choi ◽  
Jaemin Yoon ◽  
Junsoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide

Simulation of sunscreen performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 937-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Herzog ◽  
Uli Osterwalder
Keyword(s):  
Sun Protection ◽  
Simulation Algorithm ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Screening Performance ◽  
Convenient Approach ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractSunscreens are used to protect the human skin against harmful effects of solar UV radiation. The most important quantity characterizing sunscreen performance is the sun protection factor (SPF). At the stage of development of new sun protection formulations quick and inexpensive methods for estimation of the UV screening performance are highly desirable. The most convenient approach towards this goal is given by computational simulations. Models for the calculation of the SPF employ the same algorithm as used with in vitro SPF measurements, but replace the transmittance measurement by the calculation of the overall absorbance of the UV filters in an irregular sunscreen film. The simulations require a database with quantitative UV extinction spectra of the relevant UV filters as well as a mathematical description of the film irregularity. The simulation algorithm implies also the consideration of photodegradation properties of the UV filters in the sunscreen composition. Besides using such simulations for designing new sunscreen formulations, the calculations can also support the understanding of sunscreen performance in general.

scholarly journals Gymnaster koraiensis and its major components, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and gymnasterkoreayne B, reduce oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide or acetaminophen in HepG2 cells

BMB Reports ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Hye Jho ◽  
Kyungsu Kang ◽  
Sarangerel Oidovsambuu ◽  
Eun Ha Lee ◽  
Sang Hoon Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide

scholarly journals Limitations and Challenges in the Stability of Cysteamine Eye Drop Compounded Formulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Cristina Martín-Sabroso ◽  
Mario Alonso-González ◽  
Ana Fernández-Carballido ◽  
Juan Aparicio-Blanco ◽  
Damián Córdoba-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Main Degradation Product ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Unstable Molecule

Accumulation of cystine crystals in the cornea of patients suffering from cystinosis is considered pathognomonic and can lead to severe ocular complications. Cysteamine eye drop compounded formulations, commonly prepared by hospital pharmacy services, are meant to diminish the build-up of corneal cystine crystals. The objective of this work was to analyze whether the shelf life proposed for six formulations prepared following different protocols used in hospital pharmacies is adequate to guarantee the quality and efficacy of cysteamine eye drops. The long-term and in-use stabilities of these preparations were studied using different parameters: content of cysteamine and its main degradation product cystamine; appearance, color and odor; pH and viscosity; and microbiological analysis. The results obtained show that degradation of cysteamine was between 20% and 50% after one month of storage in the long-term stability study and between 35% and 60% in the in-use study. These data confirm that cysteamine is a very unstable molecule in aqueous solution, the presence of oxygen being the main degradation factor. Saturation with nitrogen gas of the solutions offers a means of reducing cysteamine degradation. Overall, all the formulae studied presented high instability at the end of their shelf life, suggesting that their clinical efficacy might be dramatically compromised.

scholarly journals FORMULATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND STABILITY STUDY OF FAST DISSOLVING THIN FILM CONTAINING ASTAXANTHIN NANOEMULSION USING HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYL CELLULOSE POLYMER

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
LUSI NURDIANTI ◽  
IYAN SOPYAN ◽  
TAOFIK RUSDIANA
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Matrix System ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

Objective: The present study was conducted to formulate and characterize the thin film containing astaxanthin nanoemulsion (TF-ASN) using Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose (HPMC) polymer as a film matrix system. The stability studies in different storage conditions were also performed. Methods: Astaxanthin nanoemulsion (As-NE) was prepared by using self-nanoemulsifying method, followed by incorporation into the HPMC matrix system by solvent casting method to forming TF-ASN. Evaluation of TF-ASN was performed by physical and mechanical characterizations. Stability study was carried out in both of accelerated (temperature of 40±2 °C/75±5% RH) and non-accelerated (at ambient temperature) conditions. Assay of astaxanthin in individual TF-ASN was determined compared to pure astaxanthin. Results: TF-ASN had good physical and mechanical characteristics that suitable for intraoral administration. Conclusion: For the study of stability under different storage conditions, it was proven that nanoemulsion form was packed in a HPMC matrix could enhance the stability of the astaxanthin.

scholarly journals The stability study of a plane engine

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Rafał Kołodziej ◽  
Tomasz Nowicki
Keyword(s):  
Stability Study ◽  
The Stability
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