scholarly journals Piper Ribesioides Wall., a Newly Recorded Species for the Flora of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luu Dam Ngoc Anh ◽  
Nguyen Quang Hung ◽  
Nguyen Trung Thanh ◽  
Do Van Truong
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Base

We here reported a newly recorded Piper species for the flora of Vietnam, namely Piper ribesioides Wall. (Piperaceae). This species is most morphologically similar to P. politifolium C.DC. by sharing glabrous plants and fruits with a stipe, but it differs from the latter having a monoecious habit (vs. dioecious), stamens 4 (vs. 2), and a cordate leaf base with equal or subequal lobes (vs. oblique with unequal lobes). Descriptions, illustrations, information on ecology, and taxonomic notes of the species is provided.

Cercospora duddiae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Little
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Water Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora duddiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium ascalonicum, A. cepa, A. fistulosum, A porrum, A. sativum. DISEASE: Leaf spot or withertip on onion and garlic. The symptoms vary on the different host species. On onion circular, chlorotic spots 3-5 mm diam. form mainly on the tip of the leaf, gradually decreasing in number towards the leaf base. The lesions at the leaf tip coalesce, forming a dry greyish-brown area, and in severe cases the entire leaf tip may be killed. The base of the leaf is mottled with brown necrotic leaf spots. Eventually the necrotic tissue may spread down the leaf surface, delimited by a narrow band (3 mm) of chlorotic tissue (Welles, 1923). Rarely does the disease cause much damage (Chupp & Sherf, 1960). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Uganda; Asia: Borneo, Brunei, Burma, India, Indonesia, Oman, The Yemen; Australasia: Papua New Guinea; North America: West Indies (Barbados, Jamaica). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne or water-splash dispersed conidia, and by transportation with onion parts. The fungus is also reported to be seed borne (Chupp & Sherf, 1960).

scholarly journals Sonerila cardamomensis (Melastomataceae), a new species from Cambodia

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Jae-Seo Shin ◽  
Bo-Kyeong Song ◽  
Chhang Phourin ◽  
Hyosig Won ◽  
Kyong-Eun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
A New Species

Sonerila cardamomensis, a new species of family Melastomataceae from the Central Cardamom Protected Area in Koh Kong province of southwestern Cambodia, is described and illustrated. The species is similar to S. violifolia Hook.f. ex Triana, but is readily distinguished by its cordate leaf base, lack of setae at the nodes, longer pedicels, smaller petals, smaller hypanthiums and smaller capsules.

Two New Species of Lauraceae from Ecuador

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 346 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
WALTER A. PALACIOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Young Leaves

Two species of Lauraceae of Ecuador are described: Aniba magnifica and Ocotea granulosa. Aniba magnifica is characterized by its large vegetative parts and its dense strigulose indumentum on the underside of its young leaves, inflorescences and bracts. Ocotea granulosa is distinguishable by the dense strigulose indumentum, mixed with amorphous blackish granules on the underside of the young leaves, peduncles, pedicels and receptacles, and by a flat or slightly recurved leaf base.

Quercus ngochoaensis (Fagaceae), a new species from Ba Vi National Park, northern, Vietnam

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 516 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
HOANG THI BINH ◽  
NGUYEN VAN NGOC ◽  
HOANG THANH SON ◽  
SHUICHIRO TAGANE ◽  
TETSUKAZU YAHARA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nuclear Region ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Entire Margin ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Quercus (Fagaceae), Q. ngochoaensis, from Ba Vi National Park, Ha Noi, northern Vietnam is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to Q. glauca in having glabrous twigs, cuneate leaf base, two or three fruits per infructescence, almost entire margin of lamellate rings on cupule except the lowest three rings, slightly convex scar at the base of a nut. However, it differs from Q. glauca in having smaller leaves, cup-shaped cupule enclosing 1/2–2/3 of the nut, 7–8 lamellate rings on cupule, and subglobose nut. In addition to the description, DNA barcodes of the two partial plastid regions of matK, rbcL and the nuclear region of ITS of the new species are provided.

Quantitative Histochemical Analysis of Starch, Malate and K+, together with the Activity of Phospho-enolpyruvate Carboxylase along an Elongating Primary Leaf of Hordeum vulgare

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1092-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hampp ◽  
W. H. Outlaw ◽  
H. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Equivalent Basis ◽  
Intercalary Meristem ◽  
Minor Portion ◽  
A Minor

The content of starch, malate, potassium and the activity of phospho-enolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) were analyzed by quantitative histochemistry in mesophyll cells of different zones along the axis of lyophylized primary elongating leaves of barley. The concentrations of potassium and malate were low in the region of the intercalary meristem (close to the point of grain attachment), but concentrations of solutes increased abruptly and stoichiometrically (equivalent basis) in the elongation zone (2 to 10 mm from the leaf base), where they contributed approximately -0.17 megapascal to the solute potential. Although this solute concentration represents only a minor portion of the reported solute potential, the specific nature of the change, its correlation with a decrease of starch content, and the distribution of the activity of PEPC indicate cell expansion in barley could be augmented by a potassium malate osmoregulatory system that utilizes starch as a source of carbon skeletons.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Cyanthillium cinereum, a smoking cessation herb, from its adulterant Emilia sonchifolia using macroscopic and microscopic examination, HPTLC profiles and DNA barcodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannika Thongkhao ◽  
Veerachai Pongkittiphan ◽  
Thatree Phadungcharoen ◽  
Chayapol Tungphatthong ◽  
Santhosh Kumar J. Urumarudappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Leaf Base

Abstract Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. is one of the most popular herbal smoking cessation aids currently used in Thailand, and its adulteration with Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. is often found in the herbal market. Therefore, the quality of the raw material must be considered. This work aimed to integrate macro- and microscopic, chemical and genetic authentication strategies to differentiate C. cinereum raw material from its adulterant. Different morphological features between C. cinereum and E. sonchifolia were simply recognized at the leaf base. For microscopic characteristics, trichome and pappus features were different between the two plants. HPTLC profiles showed a distinct band that could be used to unambiguously differentiate C. cinereum from E. sonchifolia. Four triterpenoid compounds, β-amyrin, taraxasterol, lupeol, and betulin, were identified from the distinct HPTLC band of C. cinereum. The use of core DNA barcode regions; rbcL, matK, ITS and psbA-trnH provided species-level resolution to differentiate the two plants. Taken together, the integration of macroscopic and microscopic characterization, phytochemical analysis by HPTLC and DNA barcoding distinguished C. cinereum from E. sonchifolia. The signatures of C. cinereum obtained here can help manufacturers to increase the quality control of C. cinereum raw material in commercialized smoking cessation products.

scholarly journals Axial anatomy of the leaf midrib provides new insights into the hydraulic architecture and cavitation patterns of Acer pseudoplatanus leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (21) ◽  
pp. 6195-6201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Lechthaler ◽  
Pierluigi Colangeli ◽  
Moira Gazzabin ◽  
Tommaso Anfodillo
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Hydraulic Architecture ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Embolism Resistance ◽  
Conduit Diameter ◽  
Hierarchical Scheme

Abstract The structure of leaf veins is typically described by a hierarchical scheme (e.g. midrib, 1st order, 2nd order), which is used to predict variation in conduit diameter from one order to another whilst overlooking possible variation within the same order. We examined whether xylem conduit diameter changes within the same vein order, with resulting consequences for resistance to embolism. We measured the hydraulic diameter (Dh), and number of vessels (VN) along the midrib and petioles of leaves of Acer pseudoplatanus, and estimated the leaf area supplied (Aleaf-sup) at different points of the midrib and how variation in anatomical traits affected embolism resistance. We found that Dh scales with distance from the midrib tip (path length, L) with a power of 0.42, and that VN scales with Aleaf-sup with a power of 0.66. Total conductive area scales isometrically with Aleaf-sup. Embolism events along the midrib occurred first in the basipetal part and then at the leaf tip where vessels are narrower. The distance from the midrib tip is a good predictor of the variation in vessel diameter along the 1st order veins in A. pseudoplatanus leaves and this anatomical pattern seems to have an effect on hydraulic integrity since wider vessels at the leaf base embolize first.

Spatial distributions of inorganic ions and sugars contributing to osmotic adjustment in the elongating wheat leaf under saline soil conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuncai Hu ◽  
Urs Schmidhalter
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Elongation Zone ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Wheat Leaf

In this study, we quantified the spatial distributions of inorganic ions and sugars contributing to osmotic adjustment and their net deposition rates in the elongating and mature zones of leaf 4 of the main stem of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Lona) during its linear growth phase under saline soil conditions. Plants were grown in growth chambers in soil irrigated/treated with nutrient solution containing either no added or 120 mM NaCl. The sampling was conducted on the 3rd day after emergence of leaf 4 at 3 and 13 h into the 16 h photoperiod. The patterns of spatial distributions of total osmoticum, cation, anion and sugar contents (mmol kg-1 H2O) were distinct and were affected by salinity. The total osmoticum content in the region between 0 and 60 mm above the leaf base differed between the two harvests at 120 mM NaCl. Net deposition rates of total osmotica, cations, anions, and sugars (mmol kg-1 H2O h-1) in both treatments increased from the base of the leaf to the most actively elongating location and then decreased near the end of the elongation zone. Contributions of cations, anions, and sugars to osmotic adjustment varied with distance from the leaf base, and were about 21–30, 15–21, and 13%, respectively, in the elongation zone. We suggest that the accumulation of solutes under saline conditions occurs both by increasing the net deposition rate of osmotica and by reducing growth.

scholarly journals Callus induction and regeneration of Alkanna orientalis var. Orientalis and A. sieheana

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cenney Yaman ◽  
Serkan Uranbey ◽  
Hussein Abdullah Ahmed ◽  
Sabahattin Özcan ◽  
Osman Tugay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Cotyledonary Leaf ◽  
Frequency Variations ◽  
Alkanna Orientalis ◽  
Stem Segments

Callus induction and proliferation of Alkanna orientalis var. orientalis and Alkanna sieheana containing valuable alkannin/shikonin (A/S) derivates were investigated using leaf base and stem segment explants. Stem segments and cotyledonary leaf base of both species were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium fortified with different concentrations of BAP, Kn, NAA, IAA and IBA for callus induction and shoot regeneration. High frequency reproducible, prolific and compact calli formation was obtained from the stem segments of both species in all media tested. The frequency variations of callus induction and shoot regeneration were discussed in terms of different species, plant growth regulators and explant resources. A. orientalis and A. sieheana may be considered to be alternative plants for the A/S production in vitro.

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