scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN BLACKGRAM (Vigna mungo L.) FOR YIELD AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
S. SRI VIDYA, T. SABESAN, K. SARAVANAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Fair Degree

The genetic divergence was estimated in 21 blackgram genotypes, using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The experiment was conducted at Plant Breeding Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University during January 2017. Analysis of genetic variance indicated the presence of sufficient variation among the selected genotypes. Based on 11 morphological and quality characters namely, days to first flower, plant height (cm), number of primary branches, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), pod weight (g), number of seeds per pod, seed size (cm), 100 seed weight (g), yield per plant (g), these genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters showing fair degree of relationship between geographical distribution and genetic divergence. Cluster I, with 6 genotypes, was the largest cluster followed by cluster IV and V with 5 genotypes. The intra cluster distance was maximum (D=809.83) in cluster V. The maximum inter cluster distance (D2=2932.162) was recorded between cluster II and III. All cluster mean values are distributed in relatively distant clusters. Traits like yield per plant (70.47%) followed by 100 seed weight (17%) were the major contributors to total genetic divergence.

Genetic divergence analysis in chickpea germplasm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Shivwanshi ◽  
Anita Babbar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Total Divergence ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A total of 434 germplasm lines of chickpea were assessed for 13 quantitative traits during rabi 2015-16 at JNKVV, Jabalpur. Genotypes were grouped into fourteen clusters. Clusters II and cluster XIV and cluster XII and cluster XIV, had maximum inter cluster distance. The characters viz.,effective pods per plant followed by biological yield per plant, plant height and 100-seed weight were main contribution to total divergence. Cluster XIV and cluster XIII had highest mean values for maximum number of characters. Based on the result IC 83812, EC 198729, EC 490027, IC 53245, IC 83827and IC 83889 are recommended for hybridization, as these genotypes showed good per se performance for seed yield and belong to the highly diverse clusters.

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization and genetic diversity in lentil (Lens culinaris medikus ssp. Culinaris) germplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
KU Ahamed ◽  
B Akhter ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MR Humaun ◽  
MJ Alam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Genetic divergence of 110 lentil germplasm with checks was assessed based on morphological traits using multivariate analysis. Mahalanobis generalized distance (D2) analysis was used to group the lentil genotypes. Significant variations among lentil genotypes were observed in respect of days to 1st flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and number of pods per peduncle, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight and yield per plant. Considering the mean values, the germplasm were grouped into ten clusters. The highest number of genotypes (17) was in cluster X and lowest (5) both in cluster II and IV. Cluster IV had the highest cluster mean for number of pods per plant (297.08), number of seeds per plant (594.16), 100 seed weight (1.44 g) and yield per plant (8.53 g). Among them, the highest inter-cluster distance was obtained between the cluster IV and I (24.61) followed by IV and III (22.33), while the lowest was between IX and II (1.63). The maximum value of inter-cluster distance indicated that genotypes belonging to cluster IV were far diverged from those of cluster I. The first female flower initiation was earlier in BD-3812 (49 days) in cluster I and cluster IV had highest grain yield per plant (8.53). BD-3807 produced significant maximum number of pods per plant (298.40) in cluster IV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.21095 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 70-76, June, 2014

Genetic Divergence Analysis in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Amit Tomar ◽  
D. K. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Farm Crop ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

An experiment involving 45 genotypes/strains of mungbean was conducted during kharif 2018 at University Farm (Crop Cafeteria) of Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University (RLBCAU), Jhansi in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Data were recorded and analyzed for 10 characters viz.; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g) and grain yield per plant (g). All the forty five genotypes were grouped into seven different clusters using D2 statistics. Cluster-I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII had 8, 5, 4, 5, 13, 2 and 8 genotypes, respectively. The greatest inter cluster distance (297.39) was between cluster-II and cluster-V.

Genetic divergence studies on upland rice grown in Nagaland, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jogendra Singh ◽  
Toshimenla M. Toshimenla ◽  
Sapu Changkija
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Panicle Weight

Genetic divergence was studied in a set of seventy four genotypes of upland rice by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics for yield and its contributing characters. All the characters under study showed highly significant differences among genotypes. The genotypes under study were grouped into 15 clusters. The distribution pattern indicated that maximum number of genotypes (35) were found in cluster I, followed by cluster II with 12 genotypes, whereas, minimum number of genotype (1) had cluster XV. The inter-cluster distance was greater than intra-cluster distance indicating wide genetic divergence among genotypes. The highest intra-cluster distance was revealed in cluster XIV followed by cluster XIII and cluster XI. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between Cluster XIV and XV, followed by Cluster V and XV. The highest cluster mean was observed for yield/plant in cluster VII; however, contributing characters viz., panicle length, panicle weight, filled grains and 100 seed weight were found in cluster XIV. Seed yield/plant was found major contributing character towards the total genetic divergence which may be utilized in selecting genetically diverse parents, especially for exploitation of heterosis.

Mutation studies in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus). V. Induced polygenic variability after seed irradiation

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phaseolus Aureus ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Seed Irradiation ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Studies were undertaken to explore the possibility of inducing micromutations in quantitative characters of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) after seed irradiation. The characters studied were as follows: pod length, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and total plant yield. These characters were analyzed quantitatively to assess the extent of variation in M1, M2, and M3 generations. All characters varied significantly [Formula: see text] in the M2 generation. In the M3 generation, pod length, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight were found significant at the 1% level; plant yield was only significant at 20 and 40 kR (1R = 2.58 × 10−4 C/kg) of gamma rays. Gamma ray treatments shifted the mean values of all characters, mostly in a positive direction in the M2 and M3 generations. The range of variability also increased positively. There was a considerable increase in genotypic variances, heritability, and genetic advances indicating the effectiveness of gamma doses in inducing polygenic mutations governing quantitative traits. The genetic variability increased at all dose levels but it was not linear with dose. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance increased in all characters but the different traits responded differently to the mutagenic treatments.

Genetic divergence, correlation and path coefficient analysis for the yield components of pigeonpea genotypes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
SNCVL Pushpavalli ◽  
C. Sudhakar ◽  
C. Sudha Rani ◽  
R. Raja Rajeswari ◽  
C. Jyothi Rani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The present investigation was carried out using thirty two pigeonpea genotypes during kharif 2013-14 to obtain the knowledge of correlation, path coefficient analysis for the yield components and genetic divergence. The range of GCV was observed from 9.81 to 40.88% for the traits under study which provides information regarding the extent of variability present among the genotypes. Seed yield was significantly and positively correlated with number of secondary branches/plant, pods/plant and 100-seed weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of secondary branches exhibited maximum direct effect followed by number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight. The genotypes were grouped into eight different clusters based on Mahalonobis D2 statistics. Clusters II and III exhibited maximum inter cluster distance of 8.80. Days to 50% flowering contributed to maximum genetic divergence followed by seed yield. Genotypes in cluster III recorded highest mean value for days to maturity, number of secondary branches and seed yield.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity for Yield and Its Component Traits in Blackgram (Vigna mungo. L Hepper)

2021 ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Bairi Pallavi ◽  
Gaibriyal M. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Pod Length

Thirty eight genotypes were subjected to genetic divergence by using D2 statistics. The genotypes were grouped into 7 clusters by D2 analysis. Cluster I consisted of maximum accessions (32) followed by cluster II, III IV, V, VI, VII consisted of only 1 accession. The inter-cluster distances were greater than intra-cluster distances, revealing that considerable amount of genetic diversity existed among the accessions. Maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster I (56.58) indicating that some genetic divergence still existed among the genotypes. This could be made use of in the yield improvement through recombination breeding. Highest mean values exhibited no. of seeds per plant in cluster II (198.97), days to maturity in cluster VII (93.11), harvest index in cluster V (76.15) and plant height in cluster IV (69.59). The character contribution maximum towards diversity among the accessions were seed yield per plant (18.40%), followed by harvest index (14.32%), biological yield (11.98%), no. of pods per plant (10.76%), pod length (9.80%) and no. of seeds per plant (7.56%). These characters combining with early maturity were the major traits causing genetic divergence among the accessions. It was assumed that maximum mount of heterosis will be manifested in cross combinations involving the parents belonging to most divergent clusters.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Cypermethrin Pesticide on Seed Germination, Growth and Yield Parameters of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
S. M. Obidola ◽  
I. Iro Ibrahim ◽  
A. Y. Yaroson ◽  
U. I. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The experiment was carried out at Federal College of Forestry Jos, in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State to determine the phytotoxicity of cypermethrin pesticide on seed germination, growth and yield parameters of cowpea. Cypermethrin is popularly used by farmers as a means of treating seeds before planting to prevent insect, pest and birds attack. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) involving 5 treatments T0 as control (No cypermethrin used), T1 with 0.25% cypermethrin (0.25ml of cypermethrin in 99.75ml of water), T2 with 0.50% cypermethrin (0.50ml of cypermethrin in 99.50ml of water), T3 with 0.75% cypermethrin (0.75ml of cypermethrin in 99.25ml of water) and T4 contained 1.00% cypermethrin (1.0ml of cypermethrin in 99.00ml water). Data was collected on radicle length, plumule length, number of leaves, number of branches, stem girth, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, pod length and dry matter. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance using SPSS 23 and where significance was declared, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to separate the means. The result of the research indicates that significance difference occurs in the radicle length (P<0.05) in which T1 has the highest mean value. The stem girth shows a significance difference with T0 having the highest mean value (7.32) at P<0.05. The result for the number of branches and the number of leaves shows significance difference with T0 having the highest mean values 39.15 and 101.65 respectively at P<0.05 level of significance. The yield parameters shows a significance difference for number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, pod length, as well as the total dry matter. The highest mean values for the yield parameters are observed in T0 with mean values 18.52, 18.53, 16.35 and 68.35 for number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, pod length and total dry mass respectively. Alpha amylase enzyme activity was observed to be higher at lower concentration of the cypermethrin (T1) on day 2 (2.75) but the increase in the enzyme activity tilted towards the highest concentration (T4) on day 3 and day 4 with mean value 2.70 and 3.10 at 5% level of significance.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence in bitter gourd (Momordica charntia L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
BC Kundu ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MA Khaleque Mian ◽  
IH Mian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Seed Width

The genetic divergence among 36 genotypes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) was determined through PCA, PCO, CVA, Cluster analysis (CLSA) and Mohalanobis’s D2 analysis. Through multivariate analysis based on 22 characters 36 genotypes were grouped into six distant clusters. Cluster VI includes maximum genotypes (12) followed by cluster I (6) and cluster II (6). Cluster V, cluster III and cluster I comprised 5, 4 and 3 genotypes respectively. The inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between cluster III and IV (28.71) followed by the distance between cluster I and cluster IV (23.61). The intra-cluster distances in all the 6 clusters were more or less low indicating the closeness of genotypes within the same cluster. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed for cluster III (1.84) followed by the cluster I (1.38). The genotypes within the same clusters were collected from different places and genotypes collected in the same place fall in different cluster, which indicated that genetic divergence are not dependent on its geographical position from where the genotypes were collected. The genetic diversity of 36 genotypes was also assessed through PCA. The first three components accounted for 60.04% of the total variation. Days to first male flower opening, number of primary branches per vine, fruit yield per vine, days to green fruit maturity, seed weight per fruit mature seed width had the highest contribution towards the divergence. Cluster diagram exhibited that the genotypes include in the cluster III were far diverse from the genotypes of cluster IV while the genotypes belonging to the cluster II and VI were least diversed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i2.15593 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(2): 125-134, December 2012 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(2): 125-134, December 2012

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document