Mutation studies in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus). V. Induced polygenic variability after seed irradiation

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Phaseolus Aureus ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Seed Irradiation ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Studies were undertaken to explore the possibility of inducing micromutations in quantitative characters of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) after seed irradiation. The characters studied were as follows: pod length, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and total plant yield. These characters were analyzed quantitatively to assess the extent of variation in M1, M2, and M3 generations. All characters varied significantly [Formula: see text] in the M2 generation. In the M3 generation, pod length, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight were found significant at the 1% level; plant yield was only significant at 20 and 40 kR (1R = 2.58 × 10−4 C/kg) of gamma rays. Gamma ray treatments shifted the mean values of all characters, mostly in a positive direction in the M2 and M3 generations. The range of variability also increased positively. There was a considerable increase in genotypic variances, heritability, and genetic advances indicating the effectiveness of gamma doses in inducing polygenic mutations governing quantitative traits. The genetic variability increased at all dose levels but it was not linear with dose. Estimates of heritability and genetic advance increased in all characters but the different traits responded differently to the mutagenic treatments.

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

Quantitative variation induced by gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate, and hydrazine hydrate in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.)

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Induced variability was studied in the quantitative characters of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) after treatment with gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), and hydrazine hydrate (HZ) in M1, M2, and M3 generations. The characters evaluated were seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, and total plant yield. The variability increased in almost all of the characters in the M1 generation. The mean number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight decreased, whereas the plant yield did not show any particular trend. There was an increase in the mean values after gamma irradiation and EMS treatments in the M2 generation. However, HZ fails to show the same response. However, the mean values increased in the M3 generation. Estimates of heritability were higher for 100-seed weight, followed by plant yield, and then seeds per pod in the M3 generation. Coefficient of genotypic variation and genetic advance were high for the plant yield in M2 and M3 generations. In general, the genotypic coefficient of variation values, heritability, and genetic advance increased more in M3 as compared with M2, indicating that the significant gain could possibly be achieved through selection in M3 generation.Key words: quantitative, heritability, mutagenesis.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN BLACKGRAM (Vigna mungo L.) FOR YIELD AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
S. SRI VIDYA, T. SABESAN, K. SARAVANAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Fair Degree

The genetic divergence was estimated in 21 blackgram genotypes, using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The experiment was conducted at Plant Breeding Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University during January 2017. Analysis of genetic variance indicated the presence of sufficient variation among the selected genotypes. Based on 11 morphological and quality characters namely, days to first flower, plant height (cm), number of primary branches, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), pod weight (g), number of seeds per pod, seed size (cm), 100 seed weight (g), yield per plant (g), these genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters showing fair degree of relationship between geographical distribution and genetic divergence. Cluster I, with 6 genotypes, was the largest cluster followed by cluster IV and V with 5 genotypes. The intra cluster distance was maximum (D=809.83) in cluster V. The maximum inter cluster distance (D2=2932.162) was recorded between cluster II and III. All cluster mean values are distributed in relatively distant clusters. Traits like yield per plant (70.47%) followed by 100 seed weight (17%) were the major contributors to total genetic divergence.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Cypermethrin Pesticide on Seed Germination, Growth and Yield Parameters of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
S. M. Obidola ◽  
I. Iro Ibrahim ◽  
A. Y. Yaroson ◽  
U. I. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The experiment was carried out at Federal College of Forestry Jos, in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State to determine the phytotoxicity of cypermethrin pesticide on seed germination, growth and yield parameters of cowpea. Cypermethrin is popularly used by farmers as a means of treating seeds before planting to prevent insect, pest and birds attack. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) involving 5 treatments T0 as control (No cypermethrin used), T1 with 0.25% cypermethrin (0.25ml of cypermethrin in 99.75ml of water), T2 with 0.50% cypermethrin (0.50ml of cypermethrin in 99.50ml of water), T3 with 0.75% cypermethrin (0.75ml of cypermethrin in 99.25ml of water) and T4 contained 1.00% cypermethrin (1.0ml of cypermethrin in 99.00ml water). Data was collected on radicle length, plumule length, number of leaves, number of branches, stem girth, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, pod length and dry matter. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance using SPSS 23 and where significance was declared, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to separate the means. The result of the research indicates that significance difference occurs in the radicle length (P<0.05) in which T1 has the highest mean value. The stem girth shows a significance difference with T0 having the highest mean value (7.32) at P<0.05. The result for the number of branches and the number of leaves shows significance difference with T0 having the highest mean values 39.15 and 101.65 respectively at P<0.05 level of significance. The yield parameters shows a significance difference for number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, pod length, as well as the total dry matter. The highest mean values for the yield parameters are observed in T0 with mean values 18.52, 18.53, 16.35 and 68.35 for number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, pod length and total dry mass respectively. Alpha amylase enzyme activity was observed to be higher at lower concentration of the cypermethrin (T1) on day 2 (2.75) but the increase in the enzyme activity tilted towards the highest concentration (T4) on day 3 and day 4 with mean value 2.70 and 3.10 at 5% level of significance.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization and genetic diversity in lentil (Lens culinaris medikus ssp. Culinaris) germplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
KU Ahamed ◽  
B Akhter ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MR Humaun ◽  
MJ Alam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Genetic divergence of 110 lentil germplasm with checks was assessed based on morphological traits using multivariate analysis. Mahalanobis generalized distance (D2) analysis was used to group the lentil genotypes. Significant variations among lentil genotypes were observed in respect of days to 1st flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and number of pods per peduncle, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight and yield per plant. Considering the mean values, the germplasm were grouped into ten clusters. The highest number of genotypes (17) was in cluster X and lowest (5) both in cluster II and IV. Cluster IV had the highest cluster mean for number of pods per plant (297.08), number of seeds per plant (594.16), 100 seed weight (1.44 g) and yield per plant (8.53 g). Among them, the highest inter-cluster distance was obtained between the cluster IV and I (24.61) followed by IV and III (22.33), while the lowest was between IX and II (1.63). The maximum value of inter-cluster distance indicated that genotypes belonging to cluster IV were far diverged from those of cluster I. The first female flower initiation was earlier in BD-3812 (49 days) in cluster I and cluster IV had highest grain yield per plant (8.53). BD-3807 produced significant maximum number of pods per plant (298.40) in cluster IV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.21095 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 70-76, June, 2014

Source-sink optimization and morpho-physiological response of soybean [Glycine max] to detopping and mepiquat chloride application

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Jaidka ◽  
J.S. Deol ◽  
Ramanjit Kaur ◽  
R. Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Mepiquat Chloride ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Effect of detopping and mepiquat chloride on morphological, physiological and yield attributes of soybean cultivar ‘SL 544’ was studied. A two year investigation was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, during kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015. The experiment was laid-out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight treatments viz. control, detopping (removal of 4-5 cm apical portion of main stem) at 50-55 days after sowing (DAS), mepiquat chloride @ 200 ppm (50-55 DAS), mepiquat chloride @ 200 ppm (50-55 + 65-70 DAS), mepiquat chloride 250 ppm (50-55 DAS), mepiquat chloride @ 250 ppm (50-55 + 65-70 DAS), mepiquat chloride @ 300 ppm (50-55 DAS) and mepiquat chloride @ 300 ppm (50-55 + 65-70 DAS) with four replications. Detopping had a non-significant effect on leaf area index, SPAD value, PAR interception, abscission of reproductive parts, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, pod length and stover yield of soybean. It significantly decreased plant height, increased total dry matter accumulation/plant, number of flowers and pods/plant, pod setting percentage and seed yield over control during 2014 and 2015. At crop harvest, detopping developed optimized source-sink relationship by means of distribution of total dry matter between stem, foliage and pods by 20.4, 14.9 and 64.6 % during 2014 while 22.6, 20.1 and 57.4 % during 2015, respectively. Mepiquat chloride posed a non-significant effect on plant height, PAR interception, number of flowers/plant, number of seeds/pod, pod length and stover yield of soybean but it significantly decreased leaf area index, abscission of reproductive parts while increased the dry matter accumulation/plant, number of pods/plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield relative to control. At harvest, two foliar applications of mepiquat chloride @ 250 ppm resulted in optimized source-sink relationship by the distribution of total dry matter among stem, foliage and pods by 20.6, 10.9 and 68.5 % during 2014 while 19.5, 7.6 and 72.9 % during 2015, respectively. Occurrence of more rainfall during 2015 as compared to 2014 caused mepiquat chloride to hike seed yield as compared to detopping which is clearly witnessed by increase in pod dry weight per plant during 2015 than 2014. Conclusively, both detopping and mepiquat chloride resulted in enhancement in source-sink relationship and seed yield of soybean.

Genetic Divergence Analysis in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Amit Tomar ◽  
D. K. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Farm Crop ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

An experiment involving 45 genotypes/strains of mungbean was conducted during kharif 2018 at University Farm (Crop Cafeteria) of Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University (RLBCAU), Jhansi in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Data were recorded and analyzed for 10 characters viz.; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g) and grain yield per plant (g). All the forty five genotypes were grouped into seven different clusters using D2 statistics. Cluster-I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII had 8, 5, 4, 5, 13, 2 and 8 genotypes, respectively. The greatest inter cluster distance (297.39) was between cluster-II and cluster-V.

Genetic divergence analysis in chickpea germplasm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Shivwanshi ◽  
Anita Babbar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Total Divergence ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A total of 434 germplasm lines of chickpea were assessed for 13 quantitative traits during rabi 2015-16 at JNKVV, Jabalpur. Genotypes were grouped into fourteen clusters. Clusters II and cluster XIV and cluster XII and cluster XIV, had maximum inter cluster distance. The characters viz.,effective pods per plant followed by biological yield per plant, plant height and 100-seed weight were main contribution to total divergence. Cluster XIV and cluster XIII had highest mean values for maximum number of characters. Based on the result IC 83812, EC 198729, EC 490027, IC 53245, IC 83827and IC 83889 are recommended for hybridization, as these genotypes showed good per se performance for seed yield and belong to the highly diverse clusters.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Diversity Analysis in Pod and Seed Characters of Some Neglected and Underutilized Legumes (NULs)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. O. Agbolade ◽  
T. P. Olakunle ◽  
K. M. Popoola ◽  
J. A. Idowu ◽  
A. I. Isiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

In response to the paucity of information challenge on the neglected and underutilized legumes, this paper explored pods and seeds morphological data of the twenty-four accessions of these crops with a view to establishing the occurrence of genetic variability and diversity analysis among the studied taxa. Twenty-four accessions of neglected and underutilized legumes (NULs) obtained from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria were assessed for genetic variability and diversity analysis through Pod and seed morphological characters. Each accession was planted into plot of 5 ridges of 5 meter long, spaced 1 meter apart and replicated three times at the teaching and research farm of the Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to evaluate differences in the mean values of the accessions while discriminatory traits among accessions were identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Similarities among the studied plants were assessed by cluster analysis. The first two principal component axes explained 72% of the total variation. Pod length, pod width and 100-seed weight were traits that contributed most of the variations in the legume accessions. There was a display of intra-species similarities and inter-specific genetic diversity among the studied accessions.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF SOME GENOTYPES OF SOYBEAN TO ASCORBIC ACID SPRAYING

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Abodi & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Growth Characters

A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Department of Field Crops, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad /Abu-Ghraib during the growing season of 2009 and 2010 to investigated the effect of spraying of ascorbic acid at three concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5) gm L-1 on some growth characters and yield of three genotypes of soybean (Sori, Lee and Snaea -2-), using RCBD with in split plot arrangement with three replications. The genotypes were in main plots while the concentrations of ascorbic acid were in sub plots. The results showed that the superiority of Sori genotype in branches No. (7.11 and 7.90) branch.plant-1, pods No. (153.44 and 187.43) pod.plant-1, pods weight (133.17 and 173.54) gm and 100 seed weight about 11.01 and 12.78 gm so gave highest plant yield about 91.11 and 95.19 gm.plant-1 for both season respectively. Spraying of ascorbic acid caused significant increase in most studied characters and the concentration 1.5 gm L-1 was superior in branches No. (6.49 and 6.84 branch.plant-1, pods No. (112.95 and 129.56) pod.plant-1, pods weight (101.42 and 118.58) gm and seeds per pod (2.64 and 2.70) seed.pod-1 so gave highest seed yield per plant about 76.82 and 83.90 gm.plant-1 for both season respectively. The best combination was Sori X 1.5 gm L-1 gave highest seed yield per plant about 101.51 and 108.88 gm.plant-1 for both season respectively. The conclusion from this study was: The different genotypes of soybean were different in their response to ascorbic acid spraying and the level 1.5 gm L-1 was the best for all the studied genotypes.

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