scholarly journals Impacts of drought and herbicide stress on seed germination and early seedling growth in a legume crop mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Vikrant ◽  
A. Jasmine ◽  
M. Roselin Roobavathi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Continuous Irrigation ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

Abiotic stress such as drought and agrochemicals leads the drastic reductions in legume yields, hence, in order to mitigate the loss of yields due to abiotic stresses, the production of stress tolerance genotypes of the legumes could be a rewarding approach. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the drought and herbicide stress effects under ex-vitro conditions on seed germination and early seedling growth in a legume crop mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). To begin with, drought stress was induced by employing various concentrations of mannitol (50mM, 100mM, 250mM, 500mM, 750mM, and 1000mM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) while during herbicide stress experiments, dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) and picloram (4-Amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridine carboxylic acid) were considered in various concentrations (5mg/L, 25mg/L, 50mg/L, and 100mg/L) of each. Moreover, data were collected as partial and full seed germination after 3- and 7-days of stress treatments respectively. After 7-days of mannitol stress treatments, results reveals that even the high concentration of mannitol (500mM) could be proved as weak osmotic stressor for seed germination (35%±0.14) in comparison to control (91%±0.74) while further increase in mannitol concentration (750mM) was proved to be lethal, toxic and inhibits seed germination completely. Furthermore, in comparison to mannitol, PEG turns out as strong osmotic stressors and (15%) of PEG was proved to very lethal for seed germination. Even during early seedling growth, increased concentrations of both mannitol and PEG were found to be inhibitory. Among two herbicides, the result shows that both herbicides (dicamba and picloram) were proved to be completely toxic and lethal even at very low concentrations (5mg/L) and induced abnormal seed germination and inhibited completely seedling growth. However, the inhibitory response of picloram herbicide stress on seed germination was found to be more pronounced and severe than dicamba herbicide. Hence, the present study reveals that in comparison to mannitol, PEG turns out as a strong osmotic stressor while picloram proves to be a relatively more toxic herbicide than dicamba for seed germination. Additionally, drought stress induced seedlings on transfer to soil exhibit inhibited growth under continuous irrigation with either mannitol or PEG solutions.  

Effect of salinity, temperature, and growth regulators on the germination and early seedling growth of Atriplex griffithii var. stocksii

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ajmal Khan ◽  
Yasmeen Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Desert Habitat ◽  
Temperature And Growth ◽  
Alternating Temperature ◽  
Saline Desert

Seed germination and early seedling growth of Atriplex griffithii var. stocksii from seeds collected from a saline desert habitat in Karachi, Pakistan, were studied. The seeds of A. griffithii did not germinate under high salt stress (516 mM NaCl). Best germination percentages were obtained in distilled water. Seed germination was stimulated in light at cooler alternating temperature (25:10 °C) and inhibited at warmer temperature (30:15, 30:20, and 35:25 °C) regimes. Early seedling growth showed responses towards salinity and temperature that were similar to the germination responses. Both GA3 and kinetin alleviated salinity-induced germination inhibition, and in most cases germination was stimulated by growth regulator treatments. A low concentration of kinetin (0.46 μM) and a high concentration of GA3 (28.9 μM) significantly promoted early seedling growth at all salinity treatments. Key words: Atriplex griffithii var. stocksii, seed germination, early seedling growth, salinity, temperature, growth regulators.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and sodium nitroprusside on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under PEG-stimulated drought stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Faraji ◽  
Ali Sepehri
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

Abstract: Seed germination and early seedling growth are sensitive to drought stress in wheat. A factorial experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with three replicates to study the impacts of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs: 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg.L) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP: 0 and 100 μM), as NO donor, on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress (0, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa). Our results revealed that PEG-stimulated drought stress significantly decreased germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), germination rate (GR), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), root fresh weight (RFW), shoot fresh weight (SFW) and vigor index (VI) but increased mean germination time (MGT) in wheat seeds. However, application of TiO2 NPs and SNP alone or in combination significantly enhanced GP, GE, GR, RL, SL, RFW, SFW and VI up to 23.72%, 50%, 33.74%, 85.38%, 93.28%, 73%, 91.91% and 91.04% respectively, but significantly reduced MGT up to 28.36% under severe drought stress. Our results showed that application of TiO2 NPs and SNP alone or in combination can significantly alleviate the adverse effects of PEG-stimulated drought stress on seed germination and early seedling growth of wheat.

scholarly journals The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase NtCIPK23 Positively Regulates Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Sujuan Shi ◽  
Lulu An ◽  
Jingjing Mao ◽  
Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko ◽  
Zia Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion

CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) family is a unique group of serine/threonine protein kinase family identified in plants. Among this family, AtCIPK23 and its homologs in some plants are taken as a notable group for their importance in ions transport and stress responses. However, there are limited reports on their roles in seedling growth and development, especially in Solanaceae plants. In this study, NtCIPK23, a homolog of AtCIPK23 was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Expression analysis showed that NtCIPK23 is mainly expressed in the radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of young tobacco seedlings. The transcriptional level of NtCIPK23 changes rapidly and spatiotemporally during seed germination and early seedling growth. To study the biological function of NtCIPK23 at these stages, the overexpressing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (ntcipk23) tobacco lines were generated. Phenotype analysis indicated that knock-out of NtCIPK23 significantly delays seed germination and the appearance of green cotyledon of young tobacco seedling. Overexpression of NtCIPK23 promotes cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings. The expression of NtCIPK23 in hypocotyl is strongly upregulated by darkness and inhibited under light, suggesting that a regulatory mechanism of light might underlie. Consistently, a more obvious difference in hypocotyl length among different tobacco materials was observed in the dark, compared to that under the light, indicating that the upregulation of NtCIPK23 contributes greatly to the hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, NtCIPK23 not only enhances tobacco seed germination, but also accelerate early seedling growth by promoting cotyledon greening rate, cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings.

scholarly journals Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-975
Author(s):  
M.K. Peter ◽  
SIN Agera ◽  
J.I. Amonum
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

scholarly journals Imbibition, Germination, and Early Seedling Growth Responses of Light Purple and Yellow Seeds of Red Clover to Distilled Water, Sodium Chloride, and Nutrient Solution

Sci ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Costa ◽  
Luís Dias ◽  
Alexandra Dias
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Seed Imbibition ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

The seeds of red clover are heteromorphic and two color morphs can be visually recognized, light purple and yellow, resulting from heterozygosity and recessive homozygosity at two loci. Here, we report the responses of seed imbibition, seed germination, and early seedling growth of the two morphs to distilled water, sodium chloride, and complete nutrient solution. The sensitivityof red clover seeds to treatments increased with the stage of development in what seems to be a cumulative process. No differences were found in seed imbibition between morphs or between treatments. In seedling growth, on the contrary, treatments were always effective, but differences between morphs were only observed in seeds that were treated with nutrient solution, whereas in the intermediate stage of seed germination, the effects by treatments were observed together with the appearance of differences between morphs in distilled water and in the treatment by sodium chloride solution. Simultaneously, the superior performance of the yellow morph that was found in germination, which appears to be a trait stable across cultivars of red clover seeds, turned into a superior performance of the light purple morph in seedling growth.

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