Survey of flies (order: diptera) of Medical and Veterinary importance infesting livestock in Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
B.A. Abubakar, K. Falmata, O.E. ThankGod, A. Abdulmalik, M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Biconical Trap

An entomological survey of dipterous flies was conducted between January and March 2017 to investigate the distribution, relative abundance and monthly distribution of vectors flies of livestock in Maiduguri metropolis, Borno state. A total of 5192 flies were caught from four (4) different locations within Maiduguri using biconical trap and aerial sweeping hand net. Flies were collected and identified using standard taxonomy keys. Musca domestica was considered most prevalent 4346 (73.71%) while Hippobosca equina 4(0.08%) was the least. Others are Stomoxys calcitrans 6(0.12%), Tabanus sp. 5(0.10%) and Lucilia cuprina 831(16%). The number of female flies caught in the study campaign was higher 3086(59.44%) than that of male flies 2106(40.56%). The total number of non-haematophagous flies caught was much higher 5177(59.42%) than that of haematophagous flies 15(0.29%). Furthermore, of the four different sampling area; Livestock market has the higher number of catches 3432 (66.10%), Animal science poultry house 920(17.72%), Large animal clinic 462 (8.09%) and Gidan doki had the least catches 378(7.28%). In addition, the number of adult flies caught was higher 2922 (56.28%) than immature flies 2270 (43.72%). Results from the monthly distribution shows that January had the least 1473 (28.37%) followed by February 1664 (32.05%) and March 2047 (39.43%) had the highest number of catches. The veterinary and medical importance of the findings is discussed.

scholarly journals New records, a completed list and identification key of mites (Acari) associated with the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Jenő Kontschán ◽  
Sándor Hornok
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Stable Fly ◽  
Stable Flies ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Family ◽  
Medical Importance

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) is a blood-sucking muscid fly species, with a worldwide distribution and high veterinary-medical importance. In this study, four mite species were collected from stable flies in Hungary. One mite species (Trichotrombidium muscarum (Riley, 1878)) from the family Microtrombidiidae was parasitic on the flies, collected in high numbers from their bodies. The other three species were found in small numbers on the flies, which they use only for transportation. The latter included the phoretic female of Pediculaster mesembrinae (Canestrini, 1881) (Acari: Siteroptidae), the phoretic deutonymph of the Halolaelaps sexclavatus (Oudemans, 1902) (Acari: Halolaelapidae) and Macrocheles subbadius (Berlese, 1904) (Acari: Macrochelidae). This is the first record of an association between the stable fly and two mite species (Trichotrombidium muscarum and Halolaelaps sexclavatus). A new, completed list and identification key of known stable fly associated mites are also provided.

Implementation of the Surgical Apgar Score in Laboratory Animal Science: A Showcase Pilot Study in a Porcine Model and a Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lisa Ernst ◽  
Anna Maria Kümmecke ◽  
Leonie Zieglowski ◽  
Wenjia Liu ◽  
Mareike Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Surgical Apgar Score ◽  
Laboratory Animal Science

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In an attempt to further improve surgical outcomes, a variety of outcome prediction and risk-assessment tools have been developed for the clinical setting. Risk scores such as the surgical Apgar score (SAS) hold promise to facilitate the objective assessment of perioperative risk related to comorbidities of the patients or the individual characteristics of the surgical procedure itself. Despite the large number of scoring models in clinical surgery, only very few of these models have ever been utilized in the setting of laboratory animal science. The SAS has been validated in various clinical surgical procedures and shown to be strongly associated with postoperative morbidity. In the present study, we aimed to review the clinical evidence supporting the use of the SAS system and performed a showcase pilot trial in a large animal model as the first implementation of a porcine-adapted SAS (pSAS) in an in vivo laboratory animal science setting. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A literature review was performed in the PubMed and Embase databases. Study characteristics and results using the SAS were reported. For the in vivo study, 21 female German landrace pigs have been used either to study bleeding analogy (<i>n</i> = 9) or to apply pSAS after abdominal surgery in a kidney transplant model (<i>n</i> = 12). The SAS was calculated using 3 criteria: (1) estimated blood loss during surgery; (2) lowest mean arterial blood pressure; and (3) lowest heart rate. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The SAS has been verified to be an effective tool in numerous clinical studies of abdominal surgery, regardless of specialization confirming independence on the type of surgical field or the choice of surgery. Thresholds for blood loss assessment were species specifically adjusted to &#x3e;700 mL = score 0; 700–400 mL = score 1; 400–55 mL score 2; and &#x3c;55 mL = score 3 resulting in a species-specific pSAS for a more precise classification. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our literature review demonstrates the feasibility and excellent performance of the SAS in various clinical settings. Within this pilot study, we could demonstrate the usefulness of the modified SAS (pSAS) in a porcine kidney transplantation model. The SAS has a potential to facilitate early veterinary intervention and drive the perioperative care in large animal models exemplified in a case study using pigs. Further larger studies are warranted to validate our findings.

scholarly journals Weed Phytosociology in Cassava Cultivation in Two Periods in Southwestern Bahia, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J.N. PRATES ◽  
A.E.S. VIANA ◽  
A.D. CARDOSO ◽  
A.R. SÃO JOSÉ ◽  
B.A.R. VIANA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Metal Frame

ABSTRACT: Knowing the most important species in the weed community is necessary to decide the best weed control method to be used. Thus, a phytosociological survey was carried out on cassava cultivation areas located in five rural properties of Cândido Sales, BA, Brazil, one of the state’s largest cassava producers. Two collections were carried out in each property in February (summer) and August (winter) 2016. A square metal frame with 0.25 m2 was randomly placed in each area, zigzagging, and establishing a proportion of 25 castings per hectare, with a sampling area of 6.25 m2 in each area. Weeds were identified and quantified, and then phytosociological parameters of frequency, density, abundance, relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance, and importance value index were determined. The analysis of the similarity between populations of the areas and periods was determined by the Sorensen similarity index. A variation of weed community composition was observed between cassava and harvest periods, with a higher infestation in the summer. A similarity was observed between cassava cultivation areas.

Activity and relative abundance of hymenopterous parasitoids that attack puparia of Musca domestica and Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) on confined pig and cattle farms in Denmark

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Skovgård ◽  
J.B. Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Habitat Distribution ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Direct Ordination ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cattle Farms

AbstractA survey was conducted on 84 pig and cattle farms in Denmark between August and October 1996 and 1997. The aim was to describe the activity and relative abundance of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae and Ichneumonidae) that attack puparia of Musca domestica Linnaeus and Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus). In total, seven pteromalid species were recovered: Spalangia cameroni Perkins, S. nigripes Curtis, S. subpunctata Förster, Muscidifurax raptorGirault & Sanders, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani), Urolepis rufipes(Ashmead) and Nasonia vitripennis (Walker), an ichneumonid Phygadeuon fumatorGravenhorst, a diapriid Trichopria sp., and a staphylinid Aleocharasp. This is the first time that U. rufipes has been recorded in Europe. Spalangia cameroni and M. raptor were the most frequently recorded species in all regions of the country, and accounted for the main parasitism of Musca domesticaand Stomoxys calcitrans puparia. The overall rate of parasitism per farm was low: 12.9% of the total number of fly puparia collected. Direct ordination, used to assess the habitat distribution of the parasitoids, showed that Muscidifurax raptor mainly seeks fly puparia in outdoor manure heaps and especially in manure from pigs rather than from cattle, whereas Spalangia cameroni mainly seeks fly puparia indoors, irrespective of livestock.

Relative abundance and activity patterns of terrestrial carnivorous mammals in Península Valdés, Patagonia, Argentina

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina L. D’Agostino ◽  
Daniel E. Udrizar Sauthier
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Independent Events ◽  
Wildlife Reserve

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the relative abundance and activity patterns of terrestrial carnivorous mammals living in San Pablo de Valdés Wildlife Reserve, which is located in Península Valdés (PV), Chubut province, Argentina. To this end, camera traps were placed in different plant communities of this reserve and they were used from January 2015 to December 2016. A total of 256 independent events, with a sampling effort of 1811 camera nights, were obtained. The following species were identified in order of relative abundance: Conepatus chinga, Lycalopex gymnocercus, Leopardus geoffroyi, Puma concolor, and Leopardus colocolo, and the activity patterns of the first three were estimated. Those of P. concolor and L. colocolo could not be estimated as insufficient independent events were obtained. Our results show a cathemeral activity pattern in C. chinga and L. geoffroyi and a more nocturnal pattern in L. gymnocercus. Our results highlight the need to expand the sampling area to obtain further details on the behavioral patterns and population parameters of the carnivores identified. Knowledge of ecological issues, such as relative abundance and activity patterns of carnivorous mammals, is imperative to formulate monitoring and conservation programs.

730 Development and implementation of a peer evaluation teaching protocol in a large animal science program

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 355-356
Author(s):  
E. J. Huff-Lonergan ◽  
J. E. Cunnick ◽  
A. K. Johnson ◽  
J. A. Sterle
Keyword(s):  
Peer Evaluation ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Science Program ◽  
Animal Science

scholarly journals 252 Better Preparing Animal Science Students for Education Associated Careers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 186-186
Author(s):  
Taylor Barnes ◽  
Kirstin M Burnett ◽  
W Shawn Ramsey ◽  
Kathrin Dunlap
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Methods Course ◽  
Undergraduate Teaching ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Educational Career ◽  
Career Options ◽  
Educational Careers

Abstract An Animal Science degree prepares students for a broad range of career opportunities yet the two most discussed in the literature and assumed by society are in animal science industry or veterinary medicine. However, studies indicate that -60% of our students enter into education as a career path, yet animal science departments typically do not emphasize educational careers or provide opportunities for students to develop skills in methods relevant for animal science related teaching. To combat this lack of representation for educational career opportunities, our research university’s animal science department has acted in two ways:-Developed a laboratory teaching methods course that allows undergraduate students to serve as teaching assistants for an animal handling lab with support and supervision from the course and graduate student lab instructors-Performed a content analysis to identify the type, frequency, and way educational career paths are discussed and/or assessed in introductory animal science courses. These are the first steps in ensuring that students are as prepared for pursuit of a possible educational career at a level equal to that for industry or veterinary careers. Sustainability of animal science includes retaining students in educational careers and actively improving our educational practices within the discipline. These changes better prepare our undergraduate students to have more realistic job expectations and competence in teaching when they pursue graduate school or animal science related educational career options. The university animal science program also benefits, as the undergraduate teaching assistants improve the instructor-to-student ratio thus positively impacting safety and logistics of hands-on large animal labs while increasing one-on-one instruction time with students. These practices increase student engagement and learning. Additionally, the field of animal science will prosper from increased competence in pedagogical techniques providing a richer, more complete educational experience for our students both in and out of university settings.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman dan Kemelimpahan Nudibranchia di Perairan Tulamben, Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Marchel Marchel ◽  
Felicia Zahida ◽  
Ign. Pramana Yuda
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Observation Site ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Belt Transect

Nudibranchia is the largest order of Opistobranchia which is known to have about 3,000 species. Nudibranchia is a popular macro photography object among divers. Although Tulamben Waters, Bali is one of popular destination for macrobiota’s habitat, but research on marine biota, especially nudibranchia in these waters is still very rare. This study uses two methods, which is direct observation to reveal diversity and species number, belt transect methods to estimate density or abundance per sampling area using diving techniques . A transect line of 50 m at each point of observation site was used to evaluate abundance. This study wants to see the level of diversity, mapping various species and abundance of nudibranchia. For biodiversity, 31 species from 15 families are found, Chromodoridae, Dorididae, Elysiidae, Facelinidae, Flabellinidae, Goniodorididae, Halgerdidae, Hexabranchidae, Phyllidiidae Polyceridae, Hydatinidae, Costasiellidae, Elysiidae and Limapontiidae. Whereas the transect method found 12 species from 6 families, Chromodoridae, Facelinidae, Phyllidiidae Aglajidae, Costasiellidae, and Elysiidae. With a diversity index of 2.27 and the highest level of abundance found in Pteraeolidia ianthina species with a relative abundance of 0.19%.

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