The role of diplomacy in strengthening contemporary international relations

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghafoor Karim Ali ◽  
Younis Talaat Al-Dabbagh
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
International System ◽  
International Order ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
International Systems ◽  
Second World

The international system which was established after the end of second world war and the rise of two great states (USA) and (PCCC) (entice), America which represent the liberties states and capitalisms economic, and PCCC which represent the commend systems and social economic. Since the security and diplomatic efforts do the best efforts of reforms. Each relationship between states in the international systems of them has his role historically All states put majority of their efforts against  war and the relationships is going to establish a new international order depending on plurality system in the world.

The Machine in the Garden

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
Tim Strangleman
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Second World ◽  
Irish Politics

This chapter looks at the decisions made by Guinness related to the building of its English brewery at Park Royal in west London. It places these decisions within the context of Anglo-Irish politics of the 1920s and 1930s. Using a variety of archive sources, oral histories, and autobiographies, it tells the story of how the Park Royal site was identified and developed in secret. The chapter looks at the building and architecture of the brewery and the role of the world-renowned architect Giles Gilbert Scott. It also relates the experience of some of the early workers employed at the site during construction and subsequent production. The chapter finishes at the end of the Second World War in 1945.

scholarly journals WALLERSTEIN, ARRIGHI E AMIN: O IMPERIALISMO NO CAPITALISMO FORDISTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Brandão Osorio
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World Production ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Second World ◽  
Over Time

Imperialism takes on a new guise after the Second World War. In a panorama of expanding production relations, capitalism becomes, in fact, a mode of world production, based on Fordism. In this dynamic, new elements are incorporated into the analysis of international relations, such as the periphery, unequal exchanges, the transfer of value, and the world system, which end up not only eclipsing imperialism but also giving it other outlines. In this tone, it is necessary to investigate three influential authors, such as Wallerstein, Arrighi, and Amin, demonstrating their place and their limits in the central debate of international relations. Over time, the three, due to the vigor of their ideas and political engagement, became essential authors for criticizing the moment of capitalism in which we are inserted, even if it is to refute them. Studying it means unraveling yet another important knot in the task of investigating imperialism, an essential concept for understanding reality.

II. The Role of a Theologian in Genocide Prevention: Theology in Postgenocide Rwanda

Horizons ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Elisee Rutagambwa
Keyword(s):  
International Community ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
World Community ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
Second World

When the world came to its senses after the Second World War and reports of the horrors of the Holocaust began to spread, the international community reacted with disbelief. And when reality proved much worse than even the worst nightmare, the world community reacted unanimously with a general outcry: crimes of this magnitude must never happen again. It appeared quite clear that, in the future, the international community would never again remain inactive in the face of such appalling tragedy. Yet, the firm imperative “never again” has become “again and again,” and the same dreadful crimes have been repeated in many parts of the world.

scholarly journals The Politics of Mythmaking: Foreign Policy in Canadian Federal Elections 1958-1965

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher Kinsinger
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
Canadian Foreign Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Second World

<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">The notion of a Canadian foreign policy “golden age” during the decades following the Second World War has shaped how Canadians have come to view their country’s place in the world. While recent historical scholarship has laudably done much to demonstrate how the idea of a Canadian diplomatic “golden age” is ultimately an exercise in mythmaking, historians have done comparatively little to assess when and how this mythological notion became ingrained in Canada’s political consciousness. This paper seeks to begin to fill this gap in the historiography of Canadian politics by analyzing the role of foreign policy in the four federal elections held between 1958 and 1965. This analysis not only reaffirms the mythological status of the “golden age” but also demonstrates how this notion was fuelled by the foreign policy rhetoric of the Liberal Party during Lester B. Pearson’s tenure as leader. </span>

scholarly journals Health cooperatives - a forgotten treasure

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Мilorad Stamenovic
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Great Success ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Second World

The establishment of health cooperatives is the milestone in the development of the health system in the Kingdom of SCS and later in Yugoslavia. Healthcare cooperatives were applied for the first time in our area with joint efforts of the Ministry of National Health, national movements and International Organizations, and above all the United States Mission to help the Serbian people. The heavy public health image of the people after the First World War initiated healthcare cooperatives. Numerous obstacles were in the path of establishment and development of health cooperatives. However, due to good organization, mutual coordination of all important agents and also solidarity of the cooperative spirit, these problems were surpassed. The positive role of health cooperatives can best be seen in comparing the results of public health problems after the World War I and in the period before the Second World War, as shown in the paper. The first health cooperatives were established in 1922, and until the beginning of the Second World War, their number had grown, as well as the number of cooperatives and beneficiaries of services provided by health cooperatives. One of the most significant obstacles in the establishment and operation of health cooperatives is the financial nature, but also the problems of the uneducated population and numerous ?inherited? problems in the national health after the previous wars. However, by means of good work, cooperatives has been saving and every year they have more and more money reinvested in the desire to improve their position and provide better health care. The role of a physician has changed from a passive one ?waiting? at an outpatient clinic for the patients to be examined to active one in which a cooperative doctor travels to the patients? locations with his team. This approach has strengthened prevention, reduced the number of people infected with infectious and other diseases and influenced the education of the population, which was prone to illiterate and poor educational status. The ?spirit? of cooperatives was strong and it was also one of the reasons for the great success of healthcare cooperatives. After initial success, experts from around the world - from Japan, China, India and USA, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, France were interested in transferring knowledge about the development of this innovative movement. Numerous healthcare cooperatives in the world have been created just by the model that our experts have developed. This global importance should be emphasized and new models of health care cooperatives are worth exploring further.

scholarly journals Contemporary History in Europe: From Mastering National Pasts to the Future of Writing the World

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Spohr Readman
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Second World

Debates surrounding the approach to and distinctiveness of contemporary history qua history that had been simmering ever since the professionalization of history in the late nineteenth century re-emerged with vigour after 1990. This article attempts to identify what characterizes and distinguishes (the history of) our present time, by comparing the evolution of what has been labelled ‘contemporary history’ in France, Germany and Britain over the last 90 years. In discussing some of the conceptual problems and methodological challenges of contemporary history, it will be revealed that many in Europe remain stuck in an older, ‘national’ (and transnational) fixation with the second world war and the nazis’ atrocities, although working in medias res today appears to point to the investigation of events and phenomena that are ‘global’. The article will seek to make a fresh suggestion of how to delimit ‘contemporariness’ from the older ‘past’ and end with some comments on the significance of the role of contemporary history within the broader historical discipline and society at large.

scholarly journals The wall of silence surrounding literature and remembrance: Varlam Shalamov’s “Artificial Limbs”, Etc. as a metaphor of the soviet empire

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Marcin Kępiński
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Artificial Limbs ◽  
World War ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
Forced Labour ◽  
Second World

Literature of an autobiographical character acquires a special significance in the world of the bloody tragic events of the 20th century, i.e. the Holocaust, the Second World War, the realities of the Nazi and Soviet totalitarianisms, death camps, and forced labour. Those are the recollections of experienced trauma which shatters identity, and of existential experiences of a borderline nature, of which Shalamov, a witness to the epoch, felt an obligation to talk. An anthropological analysis of Varlam Shalamov’s short story titled Artificial Limbs, Etc. enables one to grasp the role of memory and autobiographical testimony as a kind of cultural and literary antidote to silence and memory distorted by the Soviet totalitarianism. The author of Kolyma Tales offered a faithful description of a world outside the‘human’ world, one which was almost impossible to describe due to its inherent moral void, level of violence, and fear of the authorities who made people forget about the crimes, victims, and oppressors.

scholarly journals “They Had, They Thought, Their Champion of Freedom”: Social Constructivism and Greek Politics, 217-199.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Martel
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
Second World

<p><b>International Relations theories colour modern approaches to political history and, hence, to classical studies. Since the Second World War, Realism and Neorealism have been amongst the most pervasive, portraying the international process as something inherently anarchical and self-interested, animated by acontextual variables of power and security. But such approaches leave little room for social, cultural, and ideational variables in the international process; and we know that Greek culture, like others, exerted a powerful influence in the social, political, and economic spheres. </b></p><p>This thesis accordingly uses a more recent IR paradigm, Social Constructivism, to challenge Realism, by accounting for things like rational choice and the role of ideas. It specifically appraises the period of Greek history marked by its early engagements with Rome (217-199), in order to explore the roles of Greek ideas, identities, and agents in animating interstate behaviour. Through this lens, it can be argued that the Greeks’ conceptions of interest, whether we deem them to have been upright or cynical, were shaped as much by human variables as by structural ones. Ideas like Panhellenism, barbarism, and the freedom of the Greeks galvanised interstate action; and they militated Greek poleis, federal states, Hellenistic kings, and, later, Roman commanders towards acting (or wishing to be seen as acting) in accordance with popular conceptions of the ‘Hellenic’ interest. </p>

Educational Progress in Travancore: Review on the Role of Travancore Royal Family in Higher Education

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
CHINTHU I B
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Cyber Crime ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

“Education is the basic tool for the development of consciousness and the reconstitution of society” -Mahatma Gandhi. In Kerala formal and higher education started much earlier than rest of the Indian states. Educational initiatives made the state the most literate one and placed it as well ahead in gender and spatial equity. During the initial phase of educational expansion, education got its prominence for its intrinsic worthiness and played the role of enlightenment and empowerment. Kerala has occupied a prominent place on the educational map of the country from its ancient time. Though there is no clear picture of the educational system that prevailed in the early centuries of the Christian Era, the Tamil works of the Sangam age enable us to get interesting glimpses of the educational scene in Tamilakam including the present Kerala[i]. The standards of literacy and education seem to have been high. The universal education was the main feature of sangam period.     196-201 Evolution and Growth of Cyber Crimes: An Analys on the Kerala Scenario S S KARTHIK KUMAR Crime is a common word that we always hereof in this era of globalization. Crimes refer to any violation of law or the commission of an act forbidden by law. Crime and criminality have been associated with man since time immemorial. Cyber crime is a new type of crime that occurs in these years of Science and Technology. There are a lot of definitions for cyber crime. It is defined as crimes committed on the internet using the computer as either a tool or a targeted victim. In addition, cyber crime also includes traditional crimes that been conducted with the access of Internet. For example hate crimes, telemarketing Internet fraud, identity theft, and credit card account thefts. In simple word, cyber crime can be defined as any violence action that been conducted by using computer or other devices with the access of internet.   202-206 Myriad Aspects of Secular Thinking on Malayali Cuisine SAJITHA M Food is one of the main requirements of human being. It is flattering for the preservation of wellbeing and nourishment of the body.  The food of a society exposes its custom, prosperity, status, habits as well as it help to develop a culture. Food is one of the most important social indicators of a society. History of food carries a dynamic character in the socio- economic, political, and cultural realm of a society. The food is one of the obligatory components in our daily life. It occupied an obvious atmosphere for the augmentation of healthy life and anticipation against the diseases.  The food also shows a significant character in establishing cultural distinctiveness, and it reflects who we are. Food also reflected as the symbol of individuality, generosity, social status and religious believes etc in a civilized society. Food is not a discriminating aspect. It is the part of a culture, habits, addiction, and identity of a civilization.Food plays a symbolic role in the social activities the world over. It’s a universal sign of hospitality.[i]   207-212 Re-Appraising Taxation in Travancore and It's Caste Interference   REVATHY V S Travancore , one of  the Princely  States in British India and later  became the Model  State in British  India carried a significant  role in  history when analysing  its system  of  taxation. Tax is one of the chief means for acquiring revenue and wealth. In the modern sense, tax means an amount of money imposed by a government on its citizens to run a state or government. But  the  system  of  taxation in  the  Native  States  of  Travancore had an unequal character or discriminatory character and  which was bound  up with  the  caste system.  In the case of Travancore and its society, the so called caste system brings artificial boundaries in the society.[i] 213-221 Second World War and Its Repercussions: Impetus on Poverty in Travancore SAFEED R In the first half of the twentieth century the world witnessed two deadliest wars and it directly or indirectly affected the countries all over the world. The First World War from 1914-1918 and the Second World War from 1939-1945 shooked the base of the socio-economic and political structure of the entire world. When compared to the Second World War, the First World War confined only within the boundaries of Europe and has a minimal effect on the other parts of the world. The Second World War was most destructive in nature and it changed the existing socio-economic and political setup of the world countries. 222-

Detectives and Forensic Science

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haia Shpayer-Makov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

This exploratory essay outlines various pivotal trends in the professionalization of police detection in England, France, and the United States from the mid-eighteenth century to the Second World War. Key landmarks in the evolution of the role of the detective from criminal turned paid informant, or from nonspecialist law enforcer, to a professional member of a detective unit are traced. The essay draws upon the history of forensic science to highlight the interface between detection and forensic science and to point toward forensic science methodologies that made significant inroads in the world of police detection, thereby enhancing its professionalization.

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