scholarly journals Lexical synonyms in the Evenki language (a case study of adjectives denoting the traits of a person’s character)

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
T. E. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Character Traits ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Additional Criterion ◽  
General Characterization ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
Linguistic Units

The article describes the lexical synonyms of the Evenki language by the example of adjectives denoting the character traits of a person. Their nature is revealed, and a general characterization is given, with specific features identified. The study has employed the most applicable synonymic criteria for Evenki lexical material described in the theoretical literature and used in the research practice of the lexical synonymy of different languages. The ways and means of synonymous resource formation have been revealed. The principle of selecting synonymous series in the Evenki language and allocating the dominant has been developed. The specific features of the synonymic series of the lexical-grammatical category of Evenki adjectives have been clarified, as well as the selected types of lexical synonyms have been characterized. When defining lexical synonyms, it is fundamentally important to understand them as different linguistic units expressing the same concept. The main criterion for distinguishing lexical synonyms in the Evenki language is the commonality of the semantic basis, allowing for the differences of the semantic, stylistic, emotionally expressive nature within the same concept. An additional criterion is the interchangeability of synonyms in determining their meanings.

Words, constructions and corpora: Network representations of constructional semantics for Mandarin space particles

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Cheng-Hsien Chen
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Quantitative Properties ◽  
Local Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Linguistic Units

AbstractIn this study, we aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of network science in exploring the emergence of constructional semantics from the connectedness and relationships between linguistic units. With Mandarin locative constructions (MLCs) as a case study, we extracted constructional tokens from a representative corpus, including their respective space particles (SPs) and the head nouns of the landmarks (LMs), which constitute the nodes of the network. We computed edges based on the lexical similarities of word embeddings learned from large text corpora and the SP-LM contingency from collostructional analysis. We address three issues: (1) For each LM, how prototypical is it of the meaning of the SP? (2) For each SP, how semantically cohesive are its LM exemplars? (3) What are the emerging semantic fields from the constructional network of MLCs? We address these questions by examining the quantitative properties of the network at three levels: microscopic (i.e., node centrality and local clustering coefficient), mesoscopic (i.e., community) and macroscopic properties (i.e., small-worldness and scale-free). Our network analyses bring to the foreground the importance of repeated language experiences in the shaping and entrenchment of linguistic knowledge.

Informed consent in de etnografische veldwerkpraktijk

KWALON ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Heyse
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Deep Waters

Informed consent in ethnographic research practice. Deep waters between macro ethical regulation and micro ethical fieldwork dilemmas Informed consent in ethnographic research practice. Deep waters between macro ethical regulation and micro ethical fieldwork dilemmas Drawing on my experiences of nine months of ethnographical fieldwork in an international matchmaking agency in Saint-Petersburg (Russia), I show how the negotiation of ‘informed consent’ in practice differs from ‘informed consent’ procedures of universities’ and research funds’ ethical review boards. Evidence in my case study contributes to existing debates that question the applicability in ethnography of consent rituals that are common in (bio)medical and psychological sciences. These ‘informed consent’ protocols have been criticized to be insufficiently empirically grounded in the ethnographical fieldwork practice. My tale from the field offers empirical evidence for a further conceptual refinement of a process-based approach to consent negotiations. I both provide recommendations for an adaptation of ethical regulations on a macro level and for a more reflexive consent negotiation in the situated ethnographic fieldwork practice.

scholarly journals “What the Hell Is This, and Who the Hell Are You?” Role and Identity Negotiation in Research-Practice Partnerships

AERA Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233285841984959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin C. Farrell ◽  
Christopher Harrison ◽  
Cynthia E. Coburn
Keyword(s):  
School District ◽  
Identity Negotiation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
District Leaders ◽  
New Members ◽  
Role Negotiation ◽  
School District Leaders ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

In research-practice partnerships (RPPs), the line between researcher and practitioner can be blurred, and the roles for everyone involved may be unclear. Yet little is known about how these roles are negotiated and with what consequences for collaborative efforts. Guided by organizational theory, we share findings from a multiyear case study of one RPP, drawing on observations of partnership leadership meetings and interviews with school district leaders and partners. Role negotiation occurred in more than one third of leadership meetings, as evidenced by identity-referencing discourse. When roles were unclear, collaborative efforts stalled; once partners renegotiated their roles, it changed how they engaged in the work together. Several forces contributed to these dynamics, including the partner’s ambitious yet ambiguous identity and the introduction of new members to the group. This study offers implications for those engaged in partnership work and provides a foundation for future research regarding role negotiation in RPPs.

Emerging research practice for impact in the CGIAR: The case of Index-Based Livestock Insurance (IBLI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupsha Banerjee ◽  
Andrew Hall ◽  
Andrew Mude ◽  
Brenda Wandera ◽  
Jennifer Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
International Public Goods ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Innovation Processes

Under increased scrutiny by its funders, the CGIAR continues to search for ways of translating research excellence into innovation and developmental impact. Several approaches have been suggested that recognize the interactive nature of innovation. While these have been deemed useful, it is the deeper institutional change agenda that has been a bottleneck in the evolving ways of the CGIAR deploying science for impact. This article documents an example in the CGIAR where significant innovation appears to have taken place in research practice, and where the institutional setting of both the CGIAR center involved and its donors have adapted to accommodate this new approach. The case study presented is recent experiences at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) of developing and facilitating the adoption of Index-Based Livestock Insurance (IBLI) in Kenya and Ethiopia. The approach of the IBLI program evolved as a form of research practice that expands the boundaries of legitimate research practices in the CGIAR: it maintained the essentials of international public goods, but also included activities engaging with innovation processes that led to tangible household impacts. While the development and use of this approach was not without its tensions both within ILRI and with donors funding the work, the approach proved highly successful and won acceptance and legitimacy. This suggests that organizations should encourage and support individual projects and teams to adapt, develop, and adopt different approaches in order to achieve impact. Accepting pluralistic narrative of success will be a critical part of this.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Errors in English Writing: A Case Study the Third Semester Students of UBSI

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Lia Nurmalia ◽  
Cicih Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Grammatical Category ◽  
English Writing ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Literal Translation

The objectives of this research are to know the errors in the third semester students’ writing of Bina Sarana Informatika University and the most frequent error. It is concerned to the grammatical and semantic and substance errors. The data is analyzed by using James’ theory in (Mungungu, 2010). The findings show that errors done by the students are spelling 50.9%, fragment 15.7%, punctuation 9.8%, adjective 3%, subject- verb agreement 3.9%, preposition 3.9%, capitalization 3.9%, tenses 2%, verb 2%, literal translation 2%. It can be concluded that the most frequent error is spelling. It because the students missed a letter, added more letter in a word, and exchange the letter. While In grammatical category, the most frequent error is fragment. It is because the most students do not put a subject in a sentence.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ERGONYMS WITH ANTROPONYMIC ELEMENT (case study of the names of trade and service enterprises of Izhevsk)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 971-977
Author(s):  
V.V. Detinkina ◽  
Yu.V. x Yu.V. Zheleznova ◽  
I.Yu. Rusanova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Company Sector ◽  
Typological Variation ◽  
Linguistic Units

The high density of ergonyms in the urban onomasticon, as well as their social orientation, has contributed to the constant scientific interest in these linguistic units. The article presents the results of studying ergonyms with an anthroponymic element of commercial enterprises and service companies located in the city of Izhevsk. The authors analyze the typological characteristics of ergonyms, their structural features. The problems of compatibility between business name and company sector is under consideration as well. When selecting material for research, the method of continuous sampling was used. The main method used to study is the method of scientific description, which involves direct observation, systematization, classification and interpretation. Based on the results of the description of the constituents of the four groups, a conclusion is made about the high typological variation of units and their structural diversity. Graphic ways to display a business name are characterized by the use of the Cyrillic and Latin alphabets including letters, punctuation marks and different symbols.

scholarly journals Phraseological motifs for Distinguishing Between Literary Genres. A Case Study on the Motifs of Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication

Kalbotyra ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 160-181
Author(s):  
Iva Novakova
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
Historical Novels ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Linguistic Units

The present paper is based on the assumption that the language of the novel is characterized by a statistically relevant overrepresentation of certain linguistic units (e.g. lexemes, key words, collocations and colligations, Siepmann 2015). First steps towards checking the validity of this hypothesis had been undertaken in pioneering works in the 1990s/2000s (e.g. Stubbs & Barth 2003). These studies were however limited by the small size of their (exclusively English) corpora. The present study explores the role of some patterns (phraseological motifs) in distinguishing French literary subgenres. It also proposes a case study of some motifs related to the verbal (dire avec sourire ‘to say with a smile’) and non-verbal communication (adresser un sourire ‘to send a smile’). Unlike traditional corpus-stylistic analyses, which frequently focus on the style of a single author, our corpus-driven approach identifies lexico-syntactic constructions in literary genres which are automatically extracted from the corpora.The main purpose is to show the relevance of the notion of phraseological motif (Legallois 2012; Longrée & Mellet 2013; Novakova & Siepmann 2020) for the distinction of literary subgenres. Linking form and meaning, these ‘multidimensional units’ fulfil pragmatic as well as discursive functions.The data has been extracted from large French corpora of the PhraseoRom research project https://phraseorom.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr. They are accessible on http://phraseotext.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/phraseobase/index.html and contain 1000 novels (published from the 1950s to the present), partitioned into six sub-corpora: general literature (GEN), crime fiction (CRIM), romances (ROM), historical novels (HIST), science fiction (SF) and fantasy (FY).The results of our study reveal some unexpected differences between the literary subgenres: e.g. the motif dire d’une voix ‘to say in a voice’ in HIST compared to GEN. In FY, expressions of verbal communication are related to shouting and screaming. Expressions related to the non-verbal communication (prendre dans ses bras ‘to take in one’s arms’) are specific to ROM, where body language is overrepresented. In SF, there is a very limited number of these types of expressions. More generally, the motifs provide the link between the micro level (phraseological recurrences) and the macro level (the fictional script).

scholarly journals Paying Project Participants: Dilemmas in Research with Poor, Marginalized Populations

10.18060/1897 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Lara Descartes ◽  
Marysol Asencio ◽  
Thomas O. Blank
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Screening Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Board Process

This paper presents a case study about issues that can arise in research with marginalized populations. We use our experiences during a focus group conducted with low-income men to discuss how using monetary incentives can lead to ethical and methodological dilemmas, including participants’ misrepresentation of their demographic backgrounds to match study criteria. We address difficulties caused by the Institutional Review Board process’ inability to account for unanticipated circumstances during fieldwork. We note that any resolution of such dilemmas must prioritize responsible research practice and protecting participants. We also note the need for more research on the impact and ethics of monetary and other incentives in recruiting participants for studies such as ours that include populations from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. The issues raised in this paper have implications for those considering research design, especially concerning incentives and screening questions.

scholarly journals Training Researchers in Ibero-America: Early Brazilian Chemists as Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-239
Author(s):  
Ana M. Alfonso-Goldfarb ◽  
Máia H. M. Ferraz ◽  
Silvia Waisse
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Research Traditions ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
Homogeneous Block

In this chapter we survey the beginnings of research practice and education in American countries that were former Spanish and Portuguese colonies, with a focus on chemistry and Brazil. While these countries are usually seen from abroad as a homogeneous block, i.e. the so-called Latin America, substantial social, political, and economic differences starting from the time of the European colonization allegedly led to divergences in the paths of institutionalization of research practice and education. We begin with an overview of the circumstances around the emergence of these new young nations, and the obstacles they met in their attempts at developing chemical research traditions until the middle of the twentieth century. Next we discuss in more detail the situation in Argentina and Mexico as the two largest countries representing poles of attraction of former Spanish viceroyalties. We conclude with a detailed study of the development of chemical research and the chemical research community in Brazil, especially of the formation of the earliest sustained university-based program of advanced training in the 1930s, an outcome of which was the emergence of the first generation of Brazilian professional chemical researchers.

scholarly journals Using Case Study Methodology in Nursing Research

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Chronic Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a research method that may contribute a unique and valuable method of eliciting phenomena of interest to nursing. Case study method can be used as a creative alternative to traditional approaches to description, emphasizing the patient's perspective as central to the process. This manuscript will define case study method, and discuss various case study designs. Approaches and tactics from a variety of disciplines, and theoretical or philosophical perspectives are discussed with an emphasis on method and analysis. The bulk of the manuscript outlines the stages used in a case study of men with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD), as well as presenting a case study protocol. Implications for its usefulness in nursing research, practice, and theory generation are discussed.

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