scholarly journals An early cold- and drought-resistant soybean variety Triada

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
S.V. Zelentsov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Moshnenko ◽  
M.V. Trunova ◽  
L.A. Bubnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
Central Chernozem

The early maturing soybean cultivar Triada was developed as a result of individual selection in F4 from the hybrid combination Belogorskaya × Vilana on differentiating backgrounds for traits of reduced response to day length, cold and frost resistance, drought tolerance. Additionally, the degree of cold resistance of the initial germplasm for the breeding from a cultivar Iney was evaluated by a cryosedimentation method. According to the results of the variety trials of 2019–2020, the cultivar Triada in terms of yield exceeded the standard cultivar Slavia by 0.62 t/ha. The height of plants at the latitude of Krasnodar (45°) is 95–125 cm. The new high-yielding soybean cultivar Triada is highly resistant to low air and soil temperatures, and reacts weakly to nonoptimal day lengths. This allows it to be cultivated as a main crop in the Northern Caucasian, Central Chernozem and Low Volga regions of the Russian Federation, as well as in the Republics of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan at geographic latitudes from 40 to 50°.

scholarly journals A cold-resistant soybean cultivar of the northern ecotype Sayana

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
S.V. Zelentsov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Moshnenko ◽  
M.V. Trunova ◽  
L.A. Bubnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
Central Chernozem

The cold-resistant soybean cultivar of the northern ecotype Sayana was selected from the hybrid combination F4 L-2577 × Aldana according to the traits of cold and frost resistance and a reduced reaction for a length of a day. Additionally, the degree of cold resistance of this cultivar was evaluated by the cryosedimentation method. The cultivar Sayana belongs to a very early group of ripeness, which matures in 98 days at the latitude of Krasnodar (45°). In the competitive variety test in 2018–2020 its yield amounted to 1.19–2.10 t per ha. During the agroecological testing of the cultivar Sayana in Irkutsk region at a latitude of 53°, the duration of its vegetative period was 126–133 days with the average yield of 2.95 t per ha, which exceeded the standard cultivar Sibiryachka by 0.43 t per ha. The plant height of the cultivar Sayana at the latitude of Krasnodar was 77–88 cm, in the Irkutsk region at latitudes of 53°, it increased to 105–147 cm. The new soybean cultivar of the northern ecotype Sayana is highly resistant to low temperatures of air and soil during the seedling phase, and has increased productivity in long-day conditions of deficient heat supply and cold stress. This allows it to be cultivated as a main crop in the Central Chernozem, Northern Caucasian, Middle Volga, Lower Volga, Ural, West Siberian and East Siberian regions of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Productivity of sorghum crops depending on agrotechnical methods of cultivation in the regions of the Russian Federation (review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
O. P. Kibalnik ◽  
I. G. Efremova ◽  
Yu. V. Bochkareva ◽  
A. V. Prakhov ◽  
D. S. Semin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Growing Conditions

The review considers the unique diversity and versatility of the use of sorghum crops. The dependence of the yield of biomass and grain of varieties and hybrids of sorghum crops on the applied elements of the crop cultivation technology is analyzed: width of row spacing, density of standing plants in different zones of sorghum sowing in the Russian Federation. A variety of soil and climatic conditions of sorghum cultivation regions differ in the temperature regime, the reserves of soil moisture before sowing, the level of soil fertility, which determines the need to select the optimal elements of technology that ensure the achievement of the highest yield of varieties per unit area with the lowest material and technological costs. The analysis of the ways of placing plants on the own area also indicates the significant role of varietal biological features in increasing the sorghum yield, the purpose of sowing, and the level of field contamination. With limited resources of productive moisture for high-yielding sorghum varieties with a powerful habitus, wide-row sowing with row spacing of 70 cm and the density of standing plants 80-350 thousand per 1 ha, depending on the variety. Low-growing early-maturing thin-stemmed forms of grain sorghum should be sown in the usual ordinary row way with a row spacing of 15 or 30 cm with plant density of 500-600 thousand/ha. Sudan grass varieties that can withstand high density of standing plants (depending on agroclimatic conditions – up to 1.0-3.0 million per 1 ha) are cultivated using the technology of spiked cereals. As the result of the literature data analysis, the following trend has been revealed: the drier the growing conditions, the greater the requirements for choosing the optimal parameters of agrotechnical methods of cultivating sorghum crops aimed at the reducing the number of plants per area unit considering the specific character of the region of sorghum sowing.

scholarly journals A middle-early maturing soybean cultivar Bars

2019 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
S.V. Zelentsov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Moshnenko ◽  
G.M. Saenko ◽  
M.V. Trunova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Early Maturing

Economic Comparison of Herbicides for Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control in Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean (Glycine max)

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy L. Mckinley ◽  
Roland K. Roberts ◽  
Robert M. Hayes ◽  
Burton C. English
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
Economic Comparison

Returns to land, management, and risk were compared where glyphosate and four graminicides (quizalofop-P, fluazifop-P, sethoxydim, and clethodim) were used for johnsongrass control in glyphosate-tolerant soybean. In 1994 and 1995, returns to land, management, and risk for glyphosate-tolerant soybean were highest using glyphosate and lowest using sethoxydim. Break-even analysis showed that yields needed for equivalent returns with any nontransgenic soybean cultivar treated with any of the graminicides could range from 67 kg/ha less to 202 kg/ha more than the yields achieved with glyphosate. Based on this methodology, farmers would increase their return to land, management, and risk by planting glyphosate-tolerant soybean if expected yield from a standard cultivar treated with a standard herbicide program were less than the break-even yield.

scholarly journals The results of preliminary trial experimental hybrids of winter rapeseed bred at VNIIMK by economically valuable traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
E.A. Strelnikov ◽  
◽  
E.B. Bochkaryova ◽  
L.A. Gorlova ◽  
V.V. Serdyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the research was a preliminary estimation of ten experimental hybrids of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) bred in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by the primary economically valuable traits. The research was conducted in the central zone of the Krasnodar region in 2019–2020. The results of the research are presented for the first time. On average for two years, nine of ten the best experimental hybrids increased by seeds yield by 0.32–0.76 t per ha both the standard cultivar Loris and the foreign hybrid Mercure. Middle seed yield of the studied hybrids varied significantly, variance range was from 4.99 t per ha (VN-3 × ОРK-10) to 5.62 t per ha (VN-4 × ОРK-20). Maximal values of seed and oil yields per a unit area were fixed for a hybrid combination VN-4 × ОРK-20. Except that, the hybrid is characterized with high weight of 1000 seeds (4.5 g). A hybrid combination VN-13 × ОРK-10 demonstrated high average by years seeds yield (5.33 t per ha) and oil yield (2.25 t per ha).Oil content in seeds and weight of 1000 seeds of this combination were at the level of the standard cultivar and the foreign hybrid. This hybrid shows the lowest glucosinolate content in seeds – 16.7 µmol/g, that is less that the foreign hybrid Mercure has by 2.3 µmol/g. The preliminary conclusion based on our researches is: the selected hybrids after confirmation of the competitive trial results can be of a great interest for production.

scholarly journals A middle-early maturing cold-resistant soybean cultivar Iney

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
S.V. Zelentsov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Moshnenko ◽  
L.A. Bubnova ◽  
E.N. Budnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Early Maturing

scholarly journals Ecological and biological assessment of species of the genus Syringa L. for use in the green building of the Orel region

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
G. A. Pavlenkova ◽  
S. D. Knyazev ◽  
O. Yu. Emelyanova ◽  
I. E. Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Resistance State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Central Chernozem

The article presents by results of ecological and biological assessment of 13 species of the genus Syringa L. of genetic collection of the arboretum of VNIISPK (Orel region) on following indicators: degree of hardiness (frost resistance), state after overwintering and summer months, resistance to pests, assessment of the decorativeness. As a result of the investigations Syringa L. species were revealed as the most promising ones: S. amurensis Rupr., S. Komarovii Schneid., S. velutina Кom., S. vulgaris L., S. josikaea Jacq, S. henryi Schneid. These of the species can be recommended for modern green building in the conditions of Central Chernozem region of the Russian Federation, including in Orel and the Orel region.

scholarly journals Early maturing samples of winter rapeseed bred at VNIIMK: search, estimation, selection of promising samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
L.А. Gorlova ◽  
◽  
E.B. Bochkaryova ◽  
E.A. Strelnikov ◽  
V.V. Serdyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Degree ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Chinese Origin ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
Standard Cultivar

Early maturing cultivars of winter rapeseed are of a great demand in the modern production as they allow lowering field intensity of harvesting works. Agrarians are interested in the cultivars which can be harvested simultaneously with winter barley and earlier than middle maturing wheat cultivars. Early maturing rapeseed cultivars are less depressed with summer droughts in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, they have shorter and more intensive periods of flowering and ripening. The purpose of our research was to select genotypes of winter rapeseed combining short vegetative period and complex of economically valuable traits in work breeding collection of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. We studied 330 breeding samples and selected 13 ones (3.9%) having significantly shortened (by 8–4 days) vegetative period compared to the early maturing standard cultivar Elvis. Also it was selected very early sample YS 5696 of Chinese origin, which ripened by 26 days earlier than Elvis, but having low winter resistance and susceptible to returned spring frosts. The best early maturing samples by yield appeared to be ES-15, МТ-1, МR-2, 787/09, they exceeded to a significant degree the standard cultivar Elvis – by 0.32–0.45 t per ha. Their flowering period started simultaneously with Elvis crops, but their periods of flowering and ripening were quite short. Also the selected samples had meaningfully high oil yield per a unit area (from 1.77 to 1.92 t per ha) compared to the cultivar Elvis (1.66 t per ha), low level of uncontrolled sulphur-containing substances – glucosinolates (from 12.2 to 14.5 µmol/g) and 1000 seeds weight within 3.4–4.1

Effects of stocking rate of goats and stage of crop growth when grazed on grain yield and goat production from pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Wijnberg ◽  
PC Whiteman
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Stocking Rates

An early-maturing, photoperiod-insensitive cultivar of pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (cv. QPL4), was grown in two experiments. In the first experiment, grazing began at different times by goats with a mean weight of 14 kg. On different plots grazing started 24 days (before flowering), 57 days (flowering), 98 days (50% pod fill) and 141 days (after harvest) after plant emergence. The crop was then allowed to grow unchecked to pod maturity at 139 or 154 days after emergence and was harvested on 5 April 1982 to compare the effects of time of grazing on phenology, growth and yield. Ratoons were harvested on 9 August 1982. Grain yields of main crop plus ratoons were: the ungrazed control 1920 plus 403 kg/ha, pre-flowering 8 15 plus 107 kg/ha; 50% flowering 1210 plus 3 kg/ha, pod fill 0 plus 428 kg/ha and post-harvest grazing 1250 plus 24 kg/ha. In the second experiment, young feral doe goats (mean weight 16 kg) grazed pigeonpea at 25, 50, 75 and 100 goats/ha. Grazing commenced when 50% of plants were in flower (11 January 1982). Mean daily liveweight gains per animal (over 42 days) were: 25 goats/ha, 68 g; 50 goats/ha, 49 g; 75 goats/ha, 58 g; 100 goats/ha, 35 g. Grain harvested on 14 May 1982 was 1085, 530,80, and 0 kg/ha for goat stocking rates of 25, 50,75, and 100 goats/ha. Compared with the ungrazed control, grazing in both experiments had marked effects on plant populations and dry matter yields and reduced grain yields. Pigeonpea does not seem to be a good forage, perhaps because of its low energy content; therefore, there seems little point in grazing the crop during growth because of the marked reduction in yield of grain.

Response of soya beans to planting date in south-eastern Queensland. I. Influence of photoperiod and temperature on phasic developmental patterns

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lawn ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Photoperiodic Response ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Phases Of Development

Phenological development of a range of soya bean cultivars for a series of planting dates was studied at Redland Bay, Queensland. Responses in the duration of the phasic development patterns were related to the changes in day length and temperature regime during each phase. Genetic lateness of maturity among cultivars was associated with increasing sensitivity to photoperiod during all phases of development. The earliest-maturing cultivars were effectively day-neutral in the photoperiodic range of the test environment and exhibited significant response to photoperiod during the flowering phase only. In contrast, the pre-flowering, flowering, and post-flowering phases of later cultivars were considerably extended for those planting dates which involved the occurrence of these phases during the periods of longest day length. Late-maturing cultivars were sufficiently sensitive to photoperiod during the pre-flowering and flowering phases for the post-flowering phase to be delayed until the occurrence of short day lengths towards the end of the season. Temperature effects were apparent only in the absence of a strong photoperiodic response. Longer pre-flowering phases for early plantings of early-maturing cultivars were associated with lower daily temperatures early in the season. Similarly, extended post-flowering periods and delayed maturity for late plantings of late-maturing cultivars were associated with lower daily temperatures late in the season. It is suggested that the patterns of response described may be expected to recur in most environments for that range of cultivars which is capable of successful reproductive growth in each environment.

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