scholarly journals Assessment of In Vitro Antibacterial Properties of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Scrophularia striata Against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC No. 25923)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh ◽  
Fariba Najafi ◽  
Reza Tahvilian ◽  
Akram Zangeneh ◽  
Rohallah Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Scrophularia Striata

Scrophularia striata (S. striata) is a native plant in Iran, which the plant has been used as an antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral, and antiflammatory agent in Iran. Based on knowledge of authors, as we know, there is low documented proof on antibacterial properties of S. striata hydroalcoholic extract against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (ATCC No. 25923) in west of Iran. As a screen test to discover antibacterial properties of the extract, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods were employed. Macrobroth tube test was performed to specify MIC. The results of agar disk and agar well diffusion tests showed S. striata have prevented the growth of S. aureus and destroyed it. Also, by increasing the concentration of S. striata, the inhibition zone in many of samples increased. The MIC and MBC value was 0.031 g/ml for S. striata. This study confirmed the antibacterial effects of the S. striata on S. aureus. Additional in vivo studies and clinical trials would be needed to justify and further evaluate the potential of the plant as an antibacterial agent in topical or oral applications.

scholarly journals Designing P. aeruginosa synthetic phages with reduced genomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana P. Pires ◽  
Rodrigo Monteiro ◽  
Dalila Mil-Homens ◽  
Arsénio Fialho ◽  
Timothy K. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn the era where antibiotic resistance is considered one of the major worldwide concerns, bacteriophages have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to deal with this problem. Genetically engineered bacteriophages can enable enhanced anti-bacterial functionalities, but require cloning additional genes into the phage genomes, which might be challenging due to the DNA encapsulation capacity of a phage. To tackle this issue, we designed and assembled for the first time synthetic phages with smaller genomes by knocking out up to 48% of the genes encoding hypothetical proteins from the genome of the newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage vB_PaeP_PE3. The antibacterial efficacy of the wild-type and the synthetic phages was assessed in vitro as well as in vivo using a Galleria mellonella infection model. Overall, both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the knock-outs made in phage genome do not impair the antibacterial properties of the synthetic phages, indicating that this could be a good strategy to clear space from phage genomes in order to enable the introduction of other genes of interest that can potentiate the future treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.

Cefotaxime and amikacin: results of in vitro and in vivo studies against Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl A) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Klastersky ◽  
H. Gaya ◽  
S. H. Zinner ◽  
C. Bernard ◽  
J-C. Ryff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

scholarly journals Tannic Acid with Antiviral and Antibacterial Activity as A Promising Component of Biomaterials—A Minireview

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Simplex Virus

As a phenolic acid, tannic acid can be classified into a polyphenolic group. It has been widely studied in the biomedical field of science because it presents unique antiviral as well as antibacterial properties. Tannic acid has been reported to present the activity against Influeneza A virus, Papilloma viruses, noroviruses, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria innocua. Nowadays, compounds of natural origin constitute fundaments of material science, and the trend is called “from nature to nature”. Although biopolymers have found a broad range of applications in biomedical sciences, they do not present anti-microbial activity, and their physicochemical properties are rather poor. Biopolymers, however, may be modified with organic and inorganic additives which enhance their properties. Tannic acid, like phenolic acid, is classified into a polyphenolic group and can be isolated from natural sources, e.g., a pure compound or a component of a plant extract. Numerous studies have been carried out over the application of tannic acid as an additive to biopolymer materials due to its unique properties. On the one hand, it shows antimicrobial and antiviral activity, while on the other hand, it reveals promising biological properties, i.e., enhances the cell proliferation, tissue regeneration and wound healing processes. Tannic acid is added to different biopolymers, collagen and polysaccharides as chitosan, agarose and starch. Its activity has been proven by the determination of physicochemical properties, as well as the performance of in vitro and in vivo studies. This systematics review is a summary of current studies on tannic acid properties. It presents tannic acid as an excellent natural compound which can be used to eliminate pathogenic factors as well as a revision of current studies on tannic acid composed with biopolymers and active properties of the resulting complexes.

scholarly journals Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) Protects against Oxidative Stress andβ-Amyloid-Induced Toxicity inCaenorhabditis elegans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciny Aparecida Paiva ◽  
Larissa de Freitas Bonomo ◽  
Patrícia Ferreira Boasquivis ◽  
Igor Thadeu Borges Raposo de Paula ◽  
Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Amyloid Toxicity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Baccharis Trimera

Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) is a native plant found throughout South America. Several studies have shown that Carqueja has antioxidant activityin vitro, as well as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, antihepatotoxic, and antimutagenic properties. However, studies regarding its antioxidant potentialin vivoare limited. In this study, we usedCaenorhabditis elegansas a model to examine the antioxidant effects of a Carqueja hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) on stress resistance and lifespan and to investigate whether CHE has a protective effect in aC. elegansmodel for Alzheimer's disease. Here, we show for the first time, usingin vivoassays, that CHE treatment improved oxidative stress resistance by increasing survival rate and by reducing ROS levels under oxidative stress conditions independently of the stress-related signaling pathways (p38, JNK, and ERK) and transcription factors (SKN-1/Nrf and DAF-16/Foxo) tested here. CHE treatment also increased the defenses againstβ-amyloid toxicity inC. elegans, in part by increasing proteasome activity and the expression of two heat shock protein genes. Our findings suggest a potential neuroprotective use for Carqueja, supporting the idea that dietary antioxidants are a promising approach to boost the defensive systems against stress and neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with fulleropyrrolidine: photoinactivation mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus, in vitro and in vivo studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 4031-4043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Grinholc ◽  
Joanna Nakonieczna ◽  
Grzegorz Fila ◽  
Aleksandra Taraszkiewicz ◽  
Anna Kawiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

scholarly journals Nanocluster Structure of Pistacia atlantica subsp. Kurdica Turpentine and Its Antibacterial Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramyar Rahimi Darehbagh ◽  
Rojin Ramezani ◽  
Afra Hosseinpanahi ◽  
Ahmad Fotoohi ◽  
Samaneh Rouhi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Inhibition Zones

Background: Medicinal herbs such as Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) subsp. Kurdica have antimicrobial effects. The present study is aimed to investigate the nanocluster structure of P. atlantica subsp. Kurdica turpentine and its composing elements and antibacterial effect. Methods: 100 μl ethanol was used to dissolve oily turpentine. 2, 2.2, 2.4, and 2.6 µg/μl of turpentine were used for investigating the antibacterial effects using disk and well diffusion methods. Elemental and nanocluster structure analyses were performed by Energy-Dispersive XRay Microanalysis (EDXMA) and Field Emission (FE)-scanning electron. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferoni test were used for data analysis (p ≤ 0.001). Results and Discussion: EDXMA elemental analysis of turpentine included: zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), fluorine (F), oxygen (O), silicium (Si), carbon (C), and argentum (Ag). A topography image of the turpentine showed a nanocluster surface with bright clusters in the background. The largest diameters of the growth inhibition zones (24.67 ± 0.58 mm in the disk diffusion and 23.67 ± 1.53 mm in the well diffusion) that were created by turpentine were observed against S. aureus ATCC 25923 at the concentration of 2.6 µg/μl. Diameter of the inhibition zone around bacterial growth had a direct relationship with turpentine concentration (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The nanocluster structure of turpentine and its composed elements were detected in this research. Moreover, antibacterial effects of turpentine were proved. Herbal substances are widely used in medical applications. Different elements of P. atlantica subsp. Kurdica turpentine can be used as antibacterial agents, but more in-vitro and in-vivo studies should be performed in this field.

Comparative Killing Kinetics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Bacitracin or Mupirocin

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-180
Author(s):  
Edward K. Chapnick ◽  
Jeremy D. Gradon ◽  
Barry Kreiswirth ◽  
Larry I. Lutwick ◽  
Benjamin C. Schaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractThe in vitro activities of bacitracin and mupirocin were compared for seven different strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Six of seven strains showed bacitracin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.5 to 1.0 units/mL, and all seven had mupirocin MICs of 0.5 to 2 μg/mL. Time-kill studies revealed 2.6- to 4.5-log reduction in 24 hours with strains susceptible to bacitracin (4 units/mL) and 0 to 2.2 reduction with mupirocin (16 μg/mL). Bacitracin should be considered further for in vivo studies because of enhanced bacteriocidal effect and lower cost.

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