Apigenin-7-O-Β-D-Glucuronide Methyl Ester Isolated from Manilkara zapota Leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalakararao K ◽  
Krishna Chaitanya K ◽  
Gopalakrishnan V. K. ◽  
Zenebe Hagos ◽  
Kalayu Mesfin Arefaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Manilkara Zapota

In nature there are numerous plants available with medicinal properties. Around 70 % of medicinal plants are found in tropical areas of India. The search for natural products and compounds derived from natural sources has played a vital role in drug discovery due to their pharmacological importance. Compounds isolated from botanical sources remain an important source of several clinically useful anti-inflammatory agents. Manilkara zapota is a large, evergreen forest tree belongs to family sapotaceae. It is commonly known as chiku (Hindi), sofeda (Bengali) sapodilla and sapoti (French), chickle tree, hase berry, tree potato (English). Manilkara zapota is a species of lowland rain forest. Manilkara zapota and its different parts have been traditionally used for alleviating inflammation related diseases such as arthritis, cancer and skin infections. The present study aims to isolate, structurally characterize and analyze the bioactive compound from Manilkara zapota by using chromatographic and spectrophotometric techniques on the basis of inhibitory effects on sPLA2 by activity guided fractionation of ethyl acetate extract of Manilkara zapota leaves. Among the six fractions (F1-F6) tested fraction-5 showed significant inhibitory effects on sPLA2 activity hence fraction -5 was further subjected to structural analysis for identification of bioactive compounds by using analytical techniques such as TLC, HPLC, FT-IR, LC-MS and 1H ,13C NMR studies. The isolated compound identified as apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester.

scholarly journals Species richness and phytogeography of the Bryophyte flora of the Guianas, with special reference to the lowland forest

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Gradstein ◽  
D. Montfoort ◽  
J. H.C. Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
General Character ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Species Area ◽  
The Guianas

The Guianas (French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana) are probably one of the last areas of the world covered largely by virgin lowland rain forest. Species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes was investigated in dry evergreen forest and mixed forest using mountaineering techniques to ascend into the canopy. The results indicate that the lowland rain forest is richer in species than previously believed due to neglect of the canopy flora, which may hold more than 50% of the local species. The mixed forest holds the richest flora and on one single forest tree up to 67 bryophyte species were found (50 on average); 28 trees yielded 154 species. A species/area curve indicates that epiphytic bryophyte species are usually commonly distributed in the forest and a few trees may yield much of the local flora. A recent checklist of the Guianas includes over 600 species of bryophytes: 375 Hepaticae and 234 Musci. As the region lacks in altitude (except on Mt. Roraima) the general character of the bryophyte flora of the Guianas is typically lowland neotropical. Over 80% of the species are rather widespread in tropical America (Amazonian species included), and the remaining are Guayana Highlands, northern Amazonian or Caribbean elements. Endemism is very low: 2.5 %.

NMR Studies of 3-phenylbutyric acid and its methyl ester

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Spassov ◽  
R. Stefanova ◽  
J.A. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Phenylbutyric Acid

Compensatory role of NO in cerebral circulation of piglets chronically treated with indomethacin

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. R400-R410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
C. W. Leffler
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Circulatory Control ◽  
Pial Arterioles ◽  
Indomethacin Treatment

We hypothesize that inhibitory effects exist between prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO) in their contributions to cerebral circulation. Piglets (1–4 days old) were divided into three chronically treated (6–8 days) groups: control piglets, piglets treated with indomethacin (75 mg/day), and piglets treated with N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 100 mg · kg−1 · day−1). Pial arterioles dilated in response to hypercapnia similarly among the three groups (41 ± 4, 40 ± 6, and 45 ± 11%). Cerebrospinal fluid cAMP increased in control piglets, while cGMP increased in indomethacin-treated piglets. l-NAME, but not 7-nitroindazole, inhibited the response to hypercapnia only in indomethacin-treated piglets (40 ± 6 vs. 17 ± 5%). Topical sodium nitroprusside or iloprost restored dilation in response to hypercapnia. Similar results were obtained when the dilator was bradykinin. Pial arterioles of control and l-NAME-treated piglets constricted in response to ACh (−24 ± 3%). However, those of indomethacin-treated piglets dilated in response to ACh (15 ± 2%). This dilation was inhibited by l-NAME. NO synthase activity, but not endothelial NO synthase expression, increased after chronic indomethacin treatment. These data suggest that chronic inhibition of cyclooxygenase can increase the contribution of NO to cerebrovascular circulatory control in piglets.

Inhibitory effects in the side reactions occurring during the enzymic synthesis of amoxicillin: p-hydroxyphenylglycine methyl ester and amoxicillin hydrolysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana R. B. Gonçalves ◽  
Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente ◽  
Jose M. Guisan ◽  
Raquel L. C. Giordano ◽  
Roberto C. Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Enzymic Synthesis

Differential effects of L-N5-(1-iminoethyl)-ornithine on tone and endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. L588-L594 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. DeWitt ◽  
H. C. Champion ◽  
J. R. Marrone ◽  
D. B. McNamara ◽  
T. D. Giles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Benzyl Ester ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Pulmonary Vasodilator ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Bed

The effects of the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor L-N5-(1-iminoethyl)-ornithine (L-NIO) on baseline tone and on responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator agents were investigated in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat under constant-flow conditions. When administered in doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg i.v., L-NIO inhibited pulmonary vasodilator responses to acetylcholine, bradykinin, and substance P but did not alter vasodilator responses to adenosine, pinacidil, or adrenomedullin. L-NIO in doses of 1-10 mg/kg i.v. did not significantly affect baseline lobar arterial pressure, and when administered in doses of 10-30 mg/kg i.v. the inhibitory effect on responses to bradykinin and substance P was not greater than that observed when the lower doses of L-NIO were administered. L-NIO in doses of 5-30 mg/kg i.v. reduced plasma reactive nitrogen intermediate levels. The inhibitory effects of L-NIO were similar to the inhibitory effects of N omega-nitro-L-arginine, N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, and N omega-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester. The highest dose of L-NIO studied (30 mg/kg i.v.) caused a significant increased in lobar arterial pressure, and the administration of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 mg/kg i.v.) caused a significant increase in lobar arterial pressure in animals previously treated with L-NIO (1 mg/kg i.v.). The results of the present study show that the effects of L-NIO on endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses and on baseline tone can be separated and may be interpreted to suggest that basal release of NO does not play an important role in the maintenance of baseline tone in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.

scholarly journals Salt Weathering of 7th Century CE Granite Monument of Shore Temple, Mahabalipuram – Scientific Investigation and Conservation Strategy

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vinodh Kumar ◽  
M. R. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Protective Layer ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Biotite Granite ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Salt Weathering ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Deterioration Mechanism ◽  
The Temple

Salt-induced deterioration of architectural heritage is accelerated drastically in marine environments. This paper investigates the deterioration mechanism of the Shore Temple using various analytical techniques. Deteriorated and pristine stone samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), thin section studies, and SEM in order to understand the deterioration mechanism. The meteorological and micro-climatic conditions of Shore Temple in the tropical Indian climate were studied, as they have played a vital role in the deterioration of the stone matrix. The sides of the temple that face the sea as well as the upper part of the temple show intense alveolarization and the stone variety was petrologically identified as “garnetiferous hornblende biotite granite”. The evaluation of results in terms of the efficacy of ethyl silicate consolidation of stone after desalination is very difficult due to continuous sea sprays. The compatible lime rendering evidenced in the shelter area and then scientifically examined during this study may be applied as a protective layer to safeguard and conserve the lone Pallava edifice on the seashore from deterioration in tropical and hygric saline conditions.

N-Acetylborrelidin B: a new bioactive metabolite from Streptomyces mutabilis sp. MII

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaaty Hamed ◽  
Ahmed S. Abdel-Razek ◽  
Marcel Frese ◽  
Daniel Wibberg ◽  
Atef F. El-Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cervix Carcinoma ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Acid Methyl

AbstractIn the course of our screening program for new bioactive compounds, a naturally new 18-membered macrolide antibiotic,N-acetylborrelidin B (1) along with borrelidin (2) were obtained from the marineStreptomyces mutabilissp. MII. The strain was isolated from a sediment sample collected in the Red Sea at the Hurghada Coast and characterized taxonomically. Additional nine diverse bioactive compounds were reported: 6-prenyl-indole-3-acetonitrile (3), sitosteryl-3β-d-glucoside, campesterol, ferulic acid, linoleic acid methyl ester, linoleic acid,N-acetylanthranilic acid, indole 3-acetic acid methyl ester, indole 3-carboxylic acid, and adenosine. Structure1was confirmed by in-depth NMR studies and by mass spectra, and comparison with related literature data. The antimicrobial activity of the strain extract and compounds1and2were studied using a panel of pathogenic microorganisms. The in vitro cytotoxicity of compounds1and2as well as the crude extract were tested against the human cervix carcinoma cell line (KB-3-1).

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