scholarly journals Cervicomental angle changes observed after mandibular advancement surgery – A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Vini Rughwani ◽  
Sachin Durkar ◽  
Sonali Deshmukh ◽  
Sandeep Jethe ◽  
Jayesh Rahalkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy ◽  
Pubmed Search

Purpose: In adults, correction of such a jaw base relation is done by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and mandibular advancement which often causes change in the cervicomental angle that might not be within the acceptable and aesthetic range. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the changes observed in cervicomental angle after mandibular advancement surgery. Data Sources: Based on the available data, we conducted an electronic database PubMed search, based on the search of published data from 1994 to 2017, six strategies were designed using two keywords, and four articles were shortlisted for systematic review. Study Eligibility Criteria: Studies that provide information on cervicomental angle changes after mandibular advancement surgery, published from 1994 to 2017. Results: The search yielded 168 articles, of which four were included based on the selection criteria. These articles described that the cervicomental angle observed after mandibular advancement surgery falls between 95° and 125°. Conclusion: Cervicomental angle decreases as the mandible is advanced to correct the jaw base Class II relation to Class I. Acceptable range is found to be between 95° and 125°. Implications: An esthetic look is the desire of every patient that reports to the clinics for an orthodontic correction. Surgical correction is an integral part of the treatment. While advancing the mandible, change is observed in the cervicomental angle. Knowing the acceptable range of this angle will help the orthodontist and the oral surgeon to plan the advancement accordingly.

scholarly journals Comparison between Still Photography and Videography for Smile Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Chaudhary ◽  
Sanket Agarkar ◽  
Ravindra Manerikar ◽  
Jayesh Rahalkar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Digital Photograph ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Dynamic Character ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction The aim of this systematic review was to compare still photography and videography for smile analysis. Materials and Methods Based on the available data, two authors conducted an electronic database PubMed search from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015, and ten strategies were designed using five keywords along with their respective synonyms. Twelve articles were shortlisted for the systematic review. Results The search yielded 91 articles, of which 12 were included based on the selection criteria. Of these 12, five concluded videography compared to be a better tool. Seven articles had variable conclusions based on the study setting and population evaluated. Conclusions Digital video clips offer a tremendous amount of information for analyzing the dynamic character of the smile, but a standard digital photograph allows for immediate viewing.

scholarly journals Effects of Small-Sided Game Interventions on the Technical Execution and Tactical Behaviors of Young and Youth Team Sports Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
Gibson Moreira Praça ◽  
José Afonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Weekly Training

Background: Small-sided games (SSGs) are an adjusted form of official games that are often used in training scenarios to introduce a specific tactical issue to team sports players. Besides the acute effects of SSGs on players' performance, it is expectable that the consistent use of these drill-based games induces adaptations in the technical execution and tactical behaviors of youth team sports players.Objective: This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of SSG programs on the technical execution and tactical behaviors of young and youth team sports players.Data Sources: The data sources utilized were PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science.Study Eligibility Criteria: (i) Young and youth team sports players (i.e., < 18 years old) of any sex or skill level, without injury, illness, or other clinical conditions; (ii) SSGs-based programs not restricted to the duration and a minimum of one weekly training session; (iii) passive or active control groups; (iv) pre-post interventions values of technical execution and/or tactical behavior; (v) randomized and non-randomized controlled trials; and (vi) peer-reviewed original full-text studies written in English, Portuguese and/or Spanish.Results: The database search initially yielded 803 titles. From those, six articles were eligible for the systematic review and meta-analysis. None of the included studies presented tactical behavior outcomes. The results showed a small effect of SSGs on technical execution (ES = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.29 to 0.89; p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%; Egger's test p = 0.590) when compared to controls. Sub-group analysis of the training factor revealed similar (p = 0.433) moderate (ES = 0.68, four study groups) and small (ES = 0.44, three study groups) improvements in technical execution after >17 and <17 SSG training sessions, respectively.Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a significant beneficial effect of using SSG training programs for enhancing technical execution in young and youth players. The benefits were similar despite the various numbers of training sessions applied. Further studies should add tactical behaviors as one of the outcomes for controlling the effects of SSG training programs.

scholarly journals Effects of Training Programs on Decision-Making in Youth Team Sports Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Filipa Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
José Afonso ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundThe use of dedicated training programs for improving decision-making (DM) in team sports players has grown in the last several years. Approaches such as imagery training, video-based training, or game-based drills are some of the interventions used in youth players in order to improve DM. However, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted to summarize the main evidence regarding the effects of these programs on the players and identify the magnitude of the effects compared to control groups.ObjectiveThis systematic review (with meta-analysis) was conducted to assess the effects of training programs on the DM of youth team sports players.Data SourcesThe data sources utilized were PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science.Study eligibility criteriaThe criteria included the following: (i) youth (≤ 18 years old) team sports players with no restriction on sex or competitive level; (ii) players subjected to training programs to develop DM; (iii) control groups; (iv) pre–post outcomes related to tactical behavior, technical execution, reaction, and decision time; and (v) controlled trials.ResultsThe database search initially identified 2497 titles. From these, six articles were eligible for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed a significant beneficial effect of DM interventions on tactical behavior (ES = 1.12; p = 0.035; I2 = 80.0%; Egger’s test p = 0.066), whereas no significant effect of DM interventions on technical execution was found (ES = 0.74; p = 0.180; I2 = 69.1%; Egger’s test p = 0.873).ConclusionThe DM interventions were significantly effective in improving tactical behavior in youth team sports players independently from the number of sessions to which players were exposed. In addition, DM interventions were significantly effective in improving technical execution. However, the results should be carefully interpreted due to the heterogeneity of the articles’ overall methodological quality. Future DM interventions should consider using combined approaches that allow players to develop both tactical behavior and technical execution.

scholarly journals Nasal Septal Deviations: A Systematic Review of Classification Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Teixeira ◽  
Victor Certal ◽  
Edward T. Chang ◽  
Macario Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Nasal Septal Deviations

Objective. To systematically review the international literature for internal nasal septal deviation classification systems and summarize them for clinical and research purposes. Data Sources. Four databases (including PubMed/MEDLINE) were systematically searched through December 16, 2015. Methods. Systematic review, adhering to PRISMA. Results. After removal of duplicates, this study screened 952 articles for relevance. A final comprehensive review of 50 articles identified that 15 of these articles met the eligibility criteria. The classification systems defined in these articles included C-shaped, S-shaped, reverse C-shaped, and reverse S-shaped descriptions of the septal deviation in both the cephalocaudal and anteroposterior dimensions. Additional studies reported use of computed tomography and categorized deviation based on predefined locations. Three studies graded the severity of septal deviations based on the amount of deflection. The systems defined in the literature also included an evaluation of nasal septal spurs and perforations. Conclusion. This systematic review ascertained that the majority of the currently published classification systems for internal nasal septal deviations can be summarized by C-shaped or reverse C-shaped, as well as S-shaped or reverse S-shaped deviations in the anteroposterior and cephalocaudal dimensions. For imaging studies, predefined points have been defined along the septum. Common terminology can facilitate future research.

scholarly journals Global burden of influenza-associated lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. e1003550
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Lafond ◽  
Rachael M. Porter ◽  
Melissa J. Whaley ◽  
Zhou Suizan ◽  
Zhang Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Global Estimates

Background Influenza illness burden is substantial, particularly among young children, older adults, and those with underlying conditions. Initiatives are underway to develop better global estimates for influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the role of influenza viruses in severe respiratory disease and hospitalizations among adults, particularly in lower-income settings. Methods and findings We aggregated published data from a systematic review and unpublished data from surveillance platforms to generate global meta-analytic estimates for the proportion of acute respiratory hospitalizations associated with influenza viruses among adults. We searched 9 online databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Global Health, LILACS, WHOLIS, and CNKI; 1 January 1996–31 December 2016) to identify observational studies of influenza-associated hospitalizations in adults, and assessed eligible papers for bias using a simplified Newcastle–Ottawa scale for observational data. We applied meta-analytic proportions to global estimates of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and hospitalizations from the Global Burden of Disease study in adults ≥20 years and by age groups (20–64 years and ≥65 years) to obtain the number of influenza-associated LRI episodes and hospitalizations for 2016. Data from 63 sources showed that influenza was associated with 14.1% (95% CI 12.1%–16.5%) of acute respiratory hospitalizations among all adults, with no significant differences by age group. The 63 data sources represent published observational studies (n = 28) and unpublished surveillance data (n = 35), from all World Health Organization regions (Africa, n = 8; Americas, n = 11; Eastern Mediterranean, n = 7; Europe, n = 8; Southeast Asia, n = 11; Western Pacific, n = 18). Data quality for published data sources was predominantly moderate or high (75%, n = 56/75). We estimate 32,126,000 (95% CI 20,484,000–46,129,000) influenza-associated LRI episodes and 5,678,000 (95% CI 3,205,000–9,432,000) LRI hospitalizations occur each year among adults. While adults <65 years contribute most influenza-associated LRI hospitalizations and episodes (3,464,000 [95% CI 1,885,000–5,978,000] LRI hospitalizations and 31,087,000 [95% CI 19,987,000–44,444,000] LRI episodes), hospitalization rates were highest in those ≥65 years (437/100,000 person-years [95% CI 265–612/100,000 person-years]). For this analysis, published articles were limited in their inclusion of stratified testing data by year and age group. Lack of information regarding influenza vaccination of the study population was also a limitation across both types of data sources. Conclusions In this meta-analysis, we estimated that influenza viruses are associated with over 5 million hospitalizations worldwide per year. Inclusion of both published and unpublished findings allowed for increased power to generate stratified estimates, and improved representation from lower-income countries. Together, the available data demonstrate the importance of influenza viruses as a cause of severe disease and hospitalizations in younger and older adults worldwide.

scholarly journals Physicians’ perceptions of the uptake of biosimilars: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e034183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Sarnola ◽  
Merja Merikoski ◽  
Johanna Jyrkkä ◽  
Katri Hämeen-Anttila
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Lower Price ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Entire Text

ObjectivesTo examine physicians’ perceptions of the uptake of biosimilars.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMedLine Ovid and Scopus databases at the end of 2018.Eligibility criteriaOriginal scientific studies written in English that addressed physicians’ perceptions of the uptake of biosimilars.Data extraction and synthesisThe search resulted in altogether 451 studies and 331 after removing duplicates. Two researchers examined these based on the title, abstract and entire text, resulting in 20 studies. The references in these 20 studies were screened and three further studies were included. The data of these 23 studies were extracted. All the publications were quality assessed by two researchers.ResultsMost of the selected studies were conducted in Europe and commonly used short surveys. Physicians’ familiarity with biosimilars varied: 49%–76% were familiar with biosimilars while 2%–25% did not know what biosimilars were, the percentages varying from study to study. Their measured knowledge was generally more limited compared with their self-assessed knowledge. Physicians’ perceptions of biosimilars also varied: 54%–94% were confident prescribing biosimilars, while 65%–67% had concerns regarding these medicines. Physicians seemed to prefer originator products to biosimilars and prescribed biosimilars mainly for biologic-naive patients. They considered cost savings and the lower price compared with the originator biologic medicine as the main advantages of biosimilars, while their doubts were often related to safety, efficacy and immunogenicity. 64%–95% of physicians had negative perceptions of pharmacist-led substitution of biologic medicines.ConclusionsPhysicians’ knowledge of and attitudes towards biosimilars vary. Although physicians had positive attitudes towards biosimilars, prescribing was limited, especially for patients already being treated with biologic medicines. Perceptions of pharmacist-led substitution of biologic medicines were often negative. Education and national recommendations for switching and substitution of biologic medicines are needed to support the uptake of biosimilars.

scholarly journals Association of artificial turf and concussion in competitive contact sports: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000695
Author(s):  
Frank O' Leary ◽  
Nic Acampora ◽  
Fiona Hand ◽  
James O' Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
American Football ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
Natural Grass

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of head injuries and concussion in contact sports, comparing natural grass with artificial turf surfaces.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis via the RevMan V.5.3 software.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesAll studies describing competitive contact sports played on both natural grass and artificial turf. The primary outcome measured was occurrence of head injury and concussion.Data sourcesThe databases include PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Medline and Sport Discus. The last search took place on 23 May 2019. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale evaluated the methodological quality of the selected studies with a funnel plot designed to determine publication bias. Study screening and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers.ResultsInitial screening generated 42 publications, with 12 meeting criteria for inclusion. Eight studies described concussion only. The rate ratio (RR) of head injury and concussion was less on artificial turf compared with natural grass (RR=0.89, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.04) as was the rate ratio of concussion only (RR=0.72, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.89).ConclusionAnalysis of published data demonstrates a decreased incidence of head injury and concussion when contact sports are played on artificial turf. This difference was most marked for sports such as rugby and American football. However, artificial turf has no association with the incidence of head injury or concussion while playing soccer.

scholarly journals Does Altruism Affect Participation in Cancer Research? A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny HJ Heo ◽  
M. Juanita Rodriguez ◽  
Megan McNichol ◽  
A. James Moser
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Background: The impact of altruism on enrollment and longitudinal follow-up among cancer patients participating in clinical research studies remains poorly understood. This systematic review assesses published data reporting altruism as a motivator in cancer research and derives objective definitions of the four subtypes of altruism to permit future investigation in prospective therapeutic and non-therapeutic studies.Method: A qualitative systematic review of altruism and cancer was conducted according PRISMA after a literature search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and PsychINFO databases. Study aims, methodology, outcomes, and conclusions were extracted to perform qualitative analysis of altruistic motivations among cancer research participants. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tool for Systematic Reviews Checklist for Qualitative Research. Results: Of 78 full-text manuscripts, fourteen met eligibility criteria for analysis, all of which used semi-structured interviews or questionnaires to study subsets of cancer patients participating in therapeutic clinical trials or non-therapeutic biobanking. Four distinct subtypes of altruism were demonstrated and defined according to an association map having the following four domains: personal benefit, benefit to family (kinship), benefit to others, and social exchange. Conclusion: Different types of altruism among cancer patients were observed both in therapeutic and non-therapeutic studies. Altruism remains as an underrecognized factor that affects clinical research studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document