BASHKIR EPIC "IDUKAI AND MURADYM" AS THE RELAYING OF THE MYTHOLOGICAL IMAGE OF SACRED COUNTRY IL

В настоящий период активации современных реформаций, социополитических перемен изучение историзма и исторического, патриотического мотивов в эпических полотнах особо актуально, ибо именно эпическое творчество содержит критические и глубоко философские обобщения событий не только древности, но и обозримого прошлого. Сложение событий 14 - 15 в в. в эпическое произведение «Идукай и Мурадым» завершилось мудрыми сэсэнами к 15 - 16 в в., отображая события периода активных волнений, связанных с расхищением башкирских земель, защитой родного народа. Эпос совершенствуется на этом фоне, являясь не столько историко - эпическим переложением трагических событий эпохи Золотой Орды, сколько произведением народной словесности, в котором глубоко и ярко обобщены чаяния и идеалы народа об отважных батырах - защитниках, об истинной свободе Духа и независимости, великой силе любви к родине - Иль и родной земле. В эпосе исторического характера особо ярко отмечена трансформация архетипа богини земли, потустороннего мира - Хель на выразительный, пронизывающий весь текст священный образ Иль (страны). In the present period of the activation of modern reforms, sociopolitical changes, the study of historicism and historical and patriotic motifs in epic paintings is especially important, for it is epic creativity that contains critical and deeply philosophical generalizations of events not only of antiquity but also of the foreseeable past. Addition of events 14th - 15th centuries. in the epic work "Idukai and Muradym" was completed by wise sesans to the 16th-17th centuries, reflecting the events of the period of active unrest connected with the plundering of Bashkir lands, the protection of the native people. The epic is improved on this background, being not so much the historical and epic interpretation of the tragic events of the Golden Horde as a product of folk literature, in which the people's aspirations and ideals about courageous defenders, the true freedom of the Spirit and independence, the great power of love to the homeland - ll and his native land. In the epic of a historical nature, the transformation of the archetype of the goddess of the earth, the other world - Khel to the expressive, sacred image of the ll (country), which permeates the entire text, is especially marked.

The Author and the Authors of the 'Vita Ædwardi Regis:' Women's Literary Culture and Digital Humanities

Commissioned by Queen Edith in the 1060s, the Vita Ædwardi Regis (hereafter VER) has recently received substantial scholarly attention, including focus on identification of the author of this putatively anonymous text; the quest for authorial identification has until now proceeded with the assumption of sole authorship of the text. Lexomics, an open-access vocabulary analysis tool, adds digital strategies to more traditional literary and historical analyses; the Lexomic evidence indicates that the VER is a composite text built by multiple contributors under the direction of the queen. Not only did Edith's patronage cause the VER to be written, but her knowledge, and her personal and political interests, shaped the Life's content. Hers was the active, guiding intellect behind the entire text, and in two passages the VER appears not only to communicate the queen's intentions but also to preserve her voice. If any one person is to be identified as the 'author' of the VER, therefore, it is Edith, guiding a team of writers and scribes to tell her story.

In the Labyrinth of Forgetfulness: Charley Grainger’s Joycean Journey in Christine Dwyer Hickey’s Cold Eye of Heaven

Cold Eye of Heaven (2011) shows pre-Brexit Dublin steeped in the post-Celtic Tiger anxieties. The novel narrates the life of a contemporary Everyman, Charley Grainger, known as Farley, from his final moments back to his childhood. Thus, Farley’s journey envisages both a Joycean interior monologue depicting his old-age bafflement in the meanders of memory and a realistic description of the character’s bewilderment at the changes in the cityscapes of the Dublin of 2010. The present paper is a comparative study of the first two chapters of the novel in reference to the history of the city present in the entire text, through the use of the tropes of the mental and urbane labyrinths. Imbued with the allusions to current reality, i.e., the presence of immigrants, Hickey’s observations are in line with Joycean anti-nationalism, as the story offers a nostalgia-stricken picture of the inevitable economic transformation of the metropolis.

Students' Perceptions in Using the Kahoot! Game on Reading Comprehension Learning

Reading comprehension is an activity to build people's understanding through texts by combining information obtained through texts with their knowledge and experience. Students face problems in reading comprehension, such as difficulty answering questions related to descriptive text, not being able to read the entire text, and confusing new vocabulary. This study aimed to determine how students perceive and improve reading comprehension after using Kahoot! Games as learning media for reading comprehension on description text at State Junior High School in Cilacap. This study uses an experimental sequential mix method with a qualitative descriptive method as the first order followed by a pre-experimental method using a one-group pretest-posttest design. Based on the results of the study, it was found that students' perceptions of using Kahoot! Games tend to be positive, students find learning fun, increase focus and caution, eliminate boredom, and motivate students to read the entire text. Furthermore, there was an increase in students' reading ability as indicated by the paired-sample t-test results where the sig value. the count obtained was 0.002 0.05, and the count obtained was 6.837 table 2.776. Supported by an 18% increase in the average student training results from 66.4 to 81.

LA LEY 4/2021, DE 16 DE ABRIL, DE LA GENERALITAT, DE LA FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA VALENCIANA. EJES ESENCIALES Y PRINCIPALES NOVEDADES.

En este artículo se exponen los ejes esenciales y las principales novedades de la Ley 4/2021, de 16 de abril, de la Generalitat, de la Función Pública Valenciana. Para ello partiremos de un breve análisis de la situación y el estado de la función pública valenciana, que motivó la necesidad de una modificación normativa para cumplir con el objetivo de implementar una Administración Pública más profesional, eficaz y eficiente, con el objetivo de prestar un mejor servicio público a la ciudadanía. Siguiendo en cierto modo la estructura de la Ley se destacan las principales novedades en relación a la Ley anterior y para finalizar se hace una especial referencia a la perspectiva de género que impregna todo el texto, que tiene como fin último conseguir la igualdad efectiva Artikulu honetan Valentziako Funtzio Publikoari buruzko 4/2021 Legearen (apirilaren 16koa, Generalitatearena) funtsezko ardatzak eta berrikuntza nagusiak azaltzen dira. Horretarako, Valentziako funtzio publikoaren egoerari buruzko azterketa labur bat egingo dugu. Egoera horrek arau-aldaketa baten beharra eragin zuen, administrazio publiko profesionalago eta eraginkorrago bat ezartzeko helburua betetzeko eta, horrela, herritarrei zerbitzu publiko hobea emateko. Legearen egiturari jarraituz, aurreko legearekin lotutako berrikuntza nagusiak nabarmentzen dira nolabait. Eta amaitzeko, testu osoan txertatzen den genero-ikuspegiari aipamen berezia egiten zaio, azken helburua emakumeen eta gizonen arteko berdintasun eraginkorra lortzea eta sexuagatiko diskriminazio oro saihestea baita. This article sets out the core strands and main developments of Law 4/2021, of 16 April 2021, of the Autonomous Regional Government of Valencia, on the Civil Service of Valencia. We begin with a brief analysis of the situation and the state of the civil service of the Valencia region, which prompted the need for a regulatory modification to comply with the aim of implementing a more professional, effective and efficient public administration, so as to offer the general public an improved public service. We follow the structure of the Law to an extent, highlighting the main developments compared with the previous legislation, and ending with a specific mention of the gender perspective, which suffuses the entire text, the ultimate goal being to achieve effective equality of women and men, and to avoid any gender-based discrimination.

A Long Texts Summarization Approach to Scientific Articles

Automatic text summarization aims at condensing the contents of a text into a simple and descriptive summary. Summarization techniques drastically benefited from the recent advances in Deep Learning. Nevertheless, these techniques are still unable to properly deal with long texts. In this work, we investigate whether the combination of summaries extracted from multiple sections of long scientific texts may enhance the quality of the summary for the whole document. We conduct experiments on a real world corpus to assess the effectiveness of our proposal. The results show that our multi-section proposal is as good as summaries generated using the entire text as input and twice as good as single section.

Pirmais teikums: zinātniskā raksta pieteikums

Tips for writers found in books, articles, blogs, and website forums often focus on the first sentence, engaging the reader to read the entire text. Tips for writing the first sentence are mostly applied to essays, including academic essays. On the other hand, good examples of the first sentence are usually chosen from classical literary works, making it possible to assume that the first sentence has meaning in every text, including a scientific article. The aim is to study and describe the first sentence in articles in various disciplines in the Latvian language to establish the connections between the recommendations on how to start the text and the actual language material. For the aim’s implementation, sentences from 848 scientific articles in Latvian (a total of 9700-word usage) are analyzed. The articles chosen for the study have been published between 2008 and 2018 in three branches and sub-branches of science: medical and health sciences, social sciences, humanities and arts. The main conclusions are as follows: the authors of Latvian scientific articles most often choose in the first sentence 1) to make a statement, 2) indicate the historical or geographical context, 3) define the main term used in the article. This is partly consistent with the suggestions given by writing instructors on the possible attractive content of the first sentence.

Word-embedding Based Text Vectorization Using Clustering

It is known that in the tasks of natural language processing, the representation of texts by vectors of fixed length using word-embedding models makes sense in cases where the vectorized texts are short.The longer the texts being compared, the worse the approach works. This situation is due to the fact that when using word-embedding models, information is lost when converting the vector representations of the words that make up the text into a vector representation of the entire text, which usually has the same dimension as the vector of a single word.This paper proposes an alternative way for using pre-trained word-embedding models for text vectorization. The essence of the proposed method consists in combining semantically similar elements of the dictionary of the existing text corpus by clustering their (dictionary elements) embeddings, as a result of which a new dictionary is formed with a size smaller than the original one, each element of which corresponds to one cluster. The original corpus of texts is reformulated in terms of this new dictionary, after which vectorization is performed on the reformulated texts using one of the dictionary approaches (TF-IDF was used in the work). The resulting vector representation of the text can be additionally enriched using the vectors of words of the original dictionary obtained by decreasing the dimension of their embeddings for each cluster.A series of experiments to determine the optimal parameters of the method is described in the paper, the proposed approach is compared with other methods of text vectorization for the text ranking problem – averaging word embeddings with TF-IDF weighting and without weighting, as well as vectorization based on TF-IDF coefficients.

Problem sceniczności w polskim przekładzie Trylogii dubrownickiej Iva Vojnovicia

The aim of the paper is to carry out a comparative analysis of the Polish translation of one of the most important Croatian modernist dramas A Trilogy of Dubrovnik. Ivo Vojnović’s text from 1900 was translated into Polish relatively quickly. Its first excerpts were published as early as 1904. The translation of the entire text by Helena d’Abancourt de Franqueville appeared in the periodical “Przegląd Polski” in 1906, and the book version was published in 1910. In the same year, the play was also staged in the theatre. The article focuses primarily on the problem of the performability of the translation, understood as a reflection of theatrical signs encrypted in the source text and visible in the translation, and shows what translation difficulties are associated with it.

Method for Assessing the Complexity of Mathematical Reasoning in Educational Texts (on the Example of a Physics Textbook)

The article offers the method for assessing the complexity of mathematical reasoning in various educational texts. It provides for counting the number of mathematical statements (or other elementary judgments) in the conclusions being drawn and taking into account the semantic complexity of the terms denoting the quantities included in the formulas. This allows to calculate the heuristic complexity of the text, depending on the number and complexity of mathematical conclusions, and find the heuristic indicator. To determine the semantic complexity of the entire text and the mathematical reasoning presented in it, a computer is used, which refers to a dictionary-thesaurus – a special file containing terms with an indication of their complexity. This takes into account the volumetric complexity of the formulas, the number of elementary sentences (equations) in mathematical reasoning, as well as the fact that some premises (formulas) are absent, and the pupil must guess before them on his own. Several examples of using the proposed method for analyzing text fragments in physics are considered.