scholarly journals Comparison between seated medicine ball throw test and Wingate test for assessing upper body peak power in elite power sports players

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 286-291
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
Rupak Kumar Singh ◽  
Varad Vilas Apte ◽  
Amey Kolekar
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Talent Identification ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Medicine Ball

Objectives: Upper limb explosive power is an important motor quality for sporting performance and indicates use of anaerobic energy systems. The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) has been considered to be a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of anaerobic power and functional performance of elite athletes. However, it is expensive and a lab based test and requires skilled manpower. The seated medicine ball throw test (SMBT) is inexpensive, easy to assess and since equipment required is minimal, it can be easily used as a field test. Hence, the purpose of the study was to determine if the SMBT method could be used as an alternative for WAnT test so that a reliable and inexpensive test is available for athlete monitoring and talent identification screening. Materials and Methods: Male elite athletes aged 18–30 years (n = 100), who were involved in national level competition of three sports discipline, namely, Boxing (n = 34), Wrestling Greco-Roman (GR) (n = 36), and Wrestling Freestyle (FS) (n = 30), were tested on crank-arm ergometer for WAnT and SMBT to measure an peak power or explosive power for the upper body. Results: SMBT test results were significantly positively correlated with upper body peak power measured by WAnT in all sportsmen (r = 0.55, P = 0.0002). One sample t-test results showed that the mean difference between SMBT and peak power is close to zero among Boxers (P = 0.13) and FS wrestlers (P = 0.89) and GR Wrestlers (P = 0.49). Overall, 97% pairs of SMBT and peak power were within the limits of agreement among all sportsmen, showing that results using both the tests were agreeable. Conclusion: This study suggests that SMBT tests could be used as an alternative field test to measure anaerobic power in Wrestlers, Boxers, and sports where the involvement of upper body muscles take place predominantly. In addition, the SMBT protocol used in this study provides an easy way for the coaches to assess the athletes on the field during talent identification and also to evaluate their training program.

scholarly journals Anthropometric characteristics and functional capacity of elite rowers and handball players

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Gordana Jovanovic ◽  
Mirela Eric ◽  
Aleksandar Klasnja ◽  
Danijel Slavic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

Introduction. Anthropometric and anaerobic profile of elite athletes are fundamental for the assessment of their respective performance. The present study was designed to evaluate the anthropometric parameters, body composition and anaerobic characteristics of elite male handball players and rowers, and to compare them in relation to specific sport demands. Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 41 elite national level athletes: 20 handball players (aged 23.7?3.72) and 21 rowers (aged 19.7?2.84). Anthropometric characteristics (body mass, body height, skinfold thickness, body circumferences), and body fat mass were evaluated, and Wingate anaerobic test for anaerobic power assessment was applied. Results. The significant differences were noted in chest, upper arm, waist and hip circumferences, and supraspinal and calf skinfolds between the two investigated groups. Rowers showed higher values of fat body mass (13.2?3.76 vs. 10.7?3.76%), but lower body mass index (22.0?1,92 vs. 25.7?2.31 kg/m2) compared to handball players. When analyzing the Wingate test parameters, significantly higher values of absolute anaerobic power (786?127 vs. 691?140 W), absolute explosive power in the handball players compared to the rowers were recorded (118?26.3 vs. 105?27.8 W/s), while rowers achieved higher relative anaerobic capacity (192?31.2 vs. 177?20.8 J/kg). Conclusion. Specific body composition and anthropometrical assessment as a part of morphological analysis should complement physiological profile of elite athletes. The analysis of the anaerobic performance shows that the handball players have greater alactic anaerobic and explosive power component, compared to the rowers in whom the anaerobic endurance and specific training have the greatest effect on the consumption of dominant metabolic substrate during the race.

Anaerobic power characteristics of elite athletes in national level team-sport games

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kalinski ◽  
Henrick Norkowski ◽  
Matthew Kerner ◽  
Wlodzimierz Tkaczuk
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Power Characteristics

Innovation in Patient Care and Medical Resident Education

2013 ◽  
pp. 161-176
Author(s):  
Nicole Paradise Black ◽  
H. Barrett Fromme ◽  
Jennifer Maniscalco ◽  
Cynthia Ferrell ◽  
Jessica Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Resident Education ◽  
National Level ◽  
Medical Resident ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Case Based

Medical resident education changed dramatically on July 1, 2011 with the institution of new duty-hour work restrictions. The move to shift scheduling changed the notion of nighttime work from a time of service to one of education. The National Pediatric Nighttime Education Steering Group responded to this paradigm shift by creating a national, peer-reviewed, Web- and case-based curriculum for nighttime learning in pediatrics. Field-test results from implementation in 89 programs revealed statistically significant improvements in knowledge and confidence, but a need for improvement in usability interface, instructional design, and dissemination. Finding support to improve upon the design of the curriculum and provide a robust platform for dissemination and use by residency programs presents a significant challenge, especially in light of severe threats to graduate medical education funding at the national level.

scholarly journals EXPLOSIVE MUSCLE POWER ASSESSMENT IN ELITE ATHLETES USING WINGATE ANAEROBIC TEST

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dea Karaba Jakovljević ◽  
Mirela Eric ◽  
Gordana Jovanovic ◽  
Goran Dimitric ◽  
Maja Buljcik Cupic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Power ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
High Energy Phosphates ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physiological Tests

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maximal effort physiological tests provide information about the current functional capacity of athletes. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate anaerobic performance parameters in elite athletes and to compare them in terms of the specific demands of each sport. We also created and applied the new software which enables us to quantify a new parameter -explosive muscle power (EP), a major component in sports requiring explosive bursts of movement lasting from a few seconds to 1 or 2 minutes. This new parameter reflects the velocity of energy transformation from intramuscular ATP and high-energy phosphates into mechanical power. Methods: All Wingate test parameters (standard parameters) - anaerobic power (AP), anaerobic capacity (AC), and explosive power (EP) as the new parameter were recorded in 104 subjects: 30 non-athletes and 74 athletes divided into different groups depending on their sport specialty (20 rowers, 28 wrestlers and 26 soccer players). Results: Anaerobic power (AP), anaerobic capacity (AC) and explosive power (EP) were significantly higher in the group of athletes compared to non-athletes. Among athletes, significant differences were observed in some parameters according to the type of activities they are involved in. The highest values were recorded in the group of wrestlers (AP=836W; AC=16.6kJ; EP=139W/s). The values of AP (absolute values) and EP (absolute and relative values) were significantly higher in wrestlers than in soccer players and rowers, but there was no significant difference in AC among these groups. The EP variable had a distribution similar to AP. Conclusions: Alongside anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity, the assessment of explosive power may complement the anaerobic profile of athletes. Experts in the field of sports medicine and exercise physiology could find these results useful in improving test variables, which are more important for specific sports, and for evaluating and monitoring training progress. Level of Evidence I; Diagnostic studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.

scholarly journals A new physical performance classification system for elite handball players: cluster analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker J. Bautista ◽  
Ignacio J. Chirosa ◽  
Joseph E. Robinson ◽  
Roland van der Tillaar ◽  
Luis J. Chirosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
National Level ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Power Load ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The aim of the present study was to identify different cluster groups of handball players according to their physical performance level assessed in a series of physical assessments, which could then be used to design a training program based on individual strengths and weaknesses, and to determine which of these variables best identified elite performance in a group of under-19 [U19] national level handball players. Players of the U19 National Handball team (n=16) performed a set of tests to determine: 10 m (ST10) and 20 m (ST20) sprint time, ball release velocity (BRv), countermovement jump (CMJ) height and squat jump (SJ) height. All players also performed an incremental-load bench press test to determine the 1 repetition maximum (1RMest), the load corresponding to maximum mean power (LoadMP), the mean propulsive phase power at LoadMP (PMPPMP) and the peak power at LoadMP (PPEAKMP). Cluster analyses of the test results generated four groupings of players. The variables best able to discriminate physical performance were BRv, ST20, 1RMest, PPEAKMP and PMPPMP. These variables could help coaches identify talent or monitor the physical performance of athletes in their team. Each cluster of players has a particular weakness related to physical performance and therefore, the cluster results can be applied to a specific training programmed based on individual needs.

scholarly journals Application of modified Wingate anaerobic test in maximal power measurement

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Popadic-Gacesa ◽  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Otto Barak ◽  
Miodrag Drapsin
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anaerobic Test

INTRODUCTION Wingate anaerobic test is an all-out test, which gives information about maximal anaerobic power. The aim of the study was to show characteristics of standard and modified versions of Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT), and to determine and explain the differences in observed parameters due to the measurement protocol applied. MATHERIAL AND METHODS The testing was conducted on 30 male non sportsmen, who performed usual everyday activities. The following parameters were measured: peak power or anaerobic power, mean power as a mean value of power during the whole test and explosive power or acceleration. Modified versions were performed with 5 s or 10 s delay of maximal cycling activity, during which the person was slowly pedaling. RESULTS The average values of parameters Peak power and Explosive power in our participants were 622.20?134.57 W and 89.26 ?28.57 W/s, respectively. In modification 1 Peak Power and Explosive Power were 680.25?133.43 W and 100.60?12.77 W/s, and in modification 2 they were 685.95?135.68 W and 100.30?10.09 W/s. Significant differences were found in both parameters between the standard and modified versions, but there was no significant difference between two modified versions. The mean power parameter was not considered in the discussion, because of the fact that modified versions were shortened, and it was not a valid measurement for this parameter. DISCUSION AND CONCLUSION The difference between standard and modified versions can be explained by the difference between test and retest probes, and also because of modification of protocol which can partially influence the results of testing.

Effects of an 8-Week In-Season Upper Limb Elastic Band Training Programme on the Peak Power, Strength, and Throwing Velocity of Junior Handball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Ghaith Aloui ◽  
Souhail Hermassi ◽  
Mehrez Hammami ◽  
Nawel Gaamouri ◽  
El Ghali Bouhafs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
National Level ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Force Velocity

Abstract Background Team handball is an intense sport with special requirements on technical and tactical skills as well as physical performance. The ability of handball players to make repeated powerful muscular contractions in pushing and throwing the ball is crucial to success. Objective This study investigated the effects of elastic band training on upper body peak power output, ball throwing velocity, and local muscle volume of junior handball players. Materials and Methods Thirty handball players (a single national-level Tunisian team) were randomly assigned to a control group (CG; n = 15) and an experimental group (EG; n = 15). Pre- and post-interventional measurements included force-velocity tests, one-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and pull-over strength, ball throwing velocity in three types of throw (jumping shot, 3-step running throw, and standing throw), and anthropometric estimates of limb volumes. The EG additionally performed an elastic band training programme twice a week for 8 weeks immediately before engaging in regular handball training. The control group underwent no additional elastic band training. Results The EG demonstrated greater improvements in absolute and relative peak power (p < 0.001; 49.3 ± 22.9 % and 47.9 ± 24.6 %, respectively), 1RM strength (p < 0.001; 25.3 ± 2.2 % and 44.1 ± 9.0 % for 1RM bench press and pull over, respectively), and throwing velocity in all three types of ball throws (p < 0.001; 25.1–26.1 %), compared to the CG (3.9–4.4 %). Limb volumes increased significantly (p = 0.001, 8.0 ± 7.5 %) in the EG, with no significant change (p = 0.175, 2.6 ± 7.0 %) in the CG. Conclusions We conclude that additional elastic band training performed twice a week for 8 weeks improves measures relevant to game performance, particularly strength, power, and ball throwing velocity.

scholarly journals Parameters of anaerobic physiological profile of elite athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Damir Lukac ◽  
Nikola Grujic ◽  
Miodrag Drapsin ◽  
Aleksandar Klasnja
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Introduction. Anaerobic capacity is much less evaluated in literature compared to aerobic component. Anaerobic performance of athletes can be measured using different motoric tests, lasting 20 to 30 seconds, one of them being the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT). Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the work performed and power generated by athletes and non-athletes during a 30-second high intensity exercise, as well as to compare explosive characteristics of subjects using a new parameter of WAnT, named explosive power, or slope of power. Methods. All parameters of anaerobic power were investigated in 152 subjects classed into different groups depending on their physical fitness and sport specialties as follows: non-athletes (n=31), rowers (n=26), volleyball players (n=37), handball players (n=34) and judo players (n=24). The WAnT, as well as basic anthropometric measurements, was administrated to all participants. Results. Values of anaerobic parameters were higher in the group of athletes compared to physically inactive subjects. The highest values of the WAnT parameters were registered in the group of volleyball players (AP=1006 W; relative AP=11.4 W/ kg, AC=19.8 kJ), compared to athletes of other sport disciplines (volleyball, rowing and judo). The new parameter of the WAnT, explosive power, also showed highest values in volleyball players (EP=154 W/s; relative EP=1.74 W/s/kg). These differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion. The results of laboratory tests can provide useful information on improvements in training processes. The new parameter of the WAnT could be implemented in further analyses of explosive characteristics of muscle contraction.

scholarly journals Establishing Normative Reference Values for the Utah Seated Medicine Ball Throw Protocol in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory Bigger ◽  
Abigail Larson ◽  
Mark DeBeliso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Upper Body Power ◽  
Medicine Ball

The seated medicine ball throw (SMBT) is a field test intended to assess upper-body muscular power by measuring the maximal distance an individual can throw a medicine ball from an isolated, seated position. The SMBT has been used to assess upper-body power in various populations and to establish concurrent validity for other measures of upper-body power such as the bench press power test and the plyometric push-up. The SMBT is less costly and simpler to incorporate into a field test battery than other upper body power assessments. While the SMBT is a valid, reliable field test for upper-body power, normative reference standards for most populations, including adolescent (12-15 years old) physical education students, do not exist. Purpose: This study reports distances thrown in the SMBT to establish normative reference values in male and female physical education students, ages 12-15 years old. Methods: One hundred thirteen untrained male and female physical education students aged 12-15 years performed the SMBT field test three times on a single testing day. Participants threw a 2kg medicine ball with a 19.5 cm diameter while seated at 90 degrees after recording height and weight. Results: Participant data was separated by age gender for analysis. Mean and standard deviation for the SMBT for males was 4.3+/-0.7m and 5.2+/-0.8 m for ages 12-13 and 14-15, respectively, and for females was 3.4+/-0.5m and 3.7+/-0.5m for ages 12-13 and 14-15, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients for between-trials comparisons for males and females ranged from r=0.85-0.97. Pearson correlation coefficients for average SMBT and age of participants was r=0.93. Normative reference values as percentile ranks for the SMBT scores for age groups 12-13 and 14-15 among males and females, respectively, were also established. Conclusion: The data presented provides an initial set of normative reference standards for coaches and students to determine upper-body muscular power using the SMBT.

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