scholarly journals Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Lung in patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Ahmad Umar Khan ◽  
Sachin Khanduri ◽  
Zikra Tarin ◽  
Syed Zain Abbas ◽  
Mushahid Husain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb

Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterize findings of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) (80 keV, 140 keV, and mixed) in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and to compare and correlate HRCT and DECT findings. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 67 patients of 18–65 years of age who were suspected cases of pulmonary TB with signs and symptoms of cough, fever, hemoptysis, sputum, night sweats, and weight loss with positive sputum AFB examinations/bronchoalveolar lavage. All the patients subjected to HRCT scan and followed with DECT scan. Comparison of various imaging techniques (DECT 80 keV, DECT 140 keV, and DECT mixed) with HRCT was done for detecting lung findings and data so obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: On comparing the various imaging techniques with HRCT for detecting consolidation, tree in bud pattern, cavitary lesions, ground-glass opacity, bronchiectasis, atelectasis, nodules, granuloma, peribronchial thickening, and fibrosis, the maximum agreement of HRCT was found with DECT 80 keV and minimum agreement was found with DECT 140 keV. Conclusion: The study concluded that DECT 80 keV monochromatic reconstructions among 80 keV, mixed, and 140 keV monochromatic reconstructions in lung parenchyma window settings are a faster and better analytical tool for the assessment of findings of pulmonary TB when compared with HRCT.

Diagnostic Accuracy of High-Resolution Computed Tomography in Assessing Activity of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 07-11
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Suspected Tuberculosis

Background: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been used in the diagnosis of Pulmonary TB and rapid TB diagnosis is essential and critical for TB control. Objective: To evaluate the role of High-Resolution Computed Tomography in diagnosing and assessing the activity of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients. Methodology: Study Design: Cross-sectional study involving radiographic (HRCT) and clinical analysis of patients with suspected tuberculosis, from October 2018 to March 2019. This study was done on a group of 100 patients with suspected tuberculosis having symptoms of fever, cough with sputum, and hemoptysis. After informed consent first detailed clinical history was taken from patients. Criteria standardized for inclusion was; all age groups and both genders. Patients with a history of previous chest surgery and carcinoma were excluded. Then patients undergoing HRCT chest were analyzed and correlated with clinical findings. Features of primary TB include consolidation, lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, and miliary nodules whereas post-primary TB include apical consolidation, nodules, and cavitation. Results: Overall 80 (80%) out of 100 subjects were diagnosed with Pulmonary TB on High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT). The most common HRCT findings were tree in bud appearance (77%), fibrotic changes (72%), consolidation (68%), cavitation (40%), bronchiectatic changes (18%), ground-glass haze (18%), and calcified granulomas( 10%). Conclusion: Although chest radiography is the foremost imaging technique in the diagnosis and evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis in our setup, HRCT can be important in early diagnosis and management with greater sensitivity. Bud appearance and consolidation were the commonest patterns found.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF ENDOBRONCHIAL WASHINGS AND BIOPSY IN SMEAR NEGATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CHEST FINDINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1341-45
Author(s):  
Maryam Hussain ◽  
Sultan Mehmood Kamran ◽  
Rizwan Azam ◽  
Asifullah Khan ◽  
Sohaib Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
Smear Negative

Objective: To determine role of endobronchial washings/biopsy in diagnosis of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis and evaluate their association with computed tomography findings. Study Design: Cross-sectional - analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pulmonology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2020. Methodology: Patients having symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis and abnormal findings on chest imaging with negative sputum smears for acid fast bacilli were selected for endobronchial washings. Bronchoscopy for washings was carried out in these patients and sample was sent for Acid fast bacilli stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene Xpert and acid fast bacilli culture and sensitivity bacterial culture and fungal hyphae. In case of mass lung endobronchial and/or transbronchial lung biopsy was done and sample was sent for histopathology Active pulmonary tuberculosis was labelled as per definition. Results: Out of 105, 75 (71.4%) were male and 30 (28.6%) were female. Mean age was 55.69 ± 17.33 years. Total 40 (38.09%) were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (based on smear, genexpert, culture and histopathology). In these 40 patients, computed tomographic findings showed consolidation in 10 (25%) cases, cavity in 7 (17.5%), bronchiectasis in 3 (7.5%), mass in 1 (2.5%), pleural effusion in 2 (5%), lymphadenopathy in 1 (2.5%) and tree-in-budappearance in 12 (30%) cases. Conclusion: High resolution computed tomography and endobronchial washing both combined together increase the diagnostic yield in smear negative cases.

scholarly journals Accuracy of High-Resolution Computed Tomography Chest in Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis by taking AFB culture findings as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1429-1430
Author(s):  
M. Amin ◽  
M. Javed ◽  
A. Noreen ◽  
M. Mehboob ◽  
N. Pasha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Male Population ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
High Resolution Ct

Aim: To determine the accuracy of high resolution CT Chest (HRCT) for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) by taking AFB culture findings as gold standard. Methods: This validation study was conducted in patients referred for HRCT Chest for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in OPD/ Radiology unit of CH & ICH within duration of 6 months from September-2020 to February -2021. Patients with suspicion of PTB were included. In all patients, sputum samples were obtained and the AFB test was performed for diagnosis of PTB. After that high resolution CT Chest (HRCT) was performed for diagnosis of PTB. Results: Mean age was 54.67 ± 12.36 years. Male population 54% and female was 46%. AFB culture results for pulmonary. TB was positive in 44 patients and was negative in 56 patients. HRCT findings were positive for pulmonary TB in 46 patients and were negative in 54 patients (Table 1). The sensitivity of HRCT was 81.8%, specificity of HRCT was 82.1%, PPV was 78.3% and NPV was 85.2% (Table 2). Conclusion: HRCT Chest has a sufficient accuracy for PTB diagnosis taking AFB culture results as gold standard. So HRCT Chest can be opted as imaging modality of choice in patients having mixed plain radiographs findings. This will aid in early identification and starting treatment of PTB. Keywords: Accuracy, high resolution computed tomography, pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Uncommon High Resolution Computed Tomography Features of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Swarna ◽  
Anuradha Sharma ◽  
Reeta Kanaujia ◽  
Shalabh Jain ◽  
Rohit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Classical imaging manifestations of pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) include consolidation, cavitation, necrotic mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleural effusions. On the other hand, atypical imaging findings of pulmonary TB are sometimes encountered which create a diagnostic dilemma; three such patients are reported here. The predominant finding in the first patient (24-year-old female) was diffuse cystic lung disease with associated bilateral secondary spontaneous pneumothoraces. The subacute onset of symptoms, associated nodules and ground glass opacities were a pointer towards an infective aetiology of the diffuse cysts in this case. The second patient (41-year-old female) presented with peribronchovascular and perifissural nodules with the galaxy or cluster sign leading to an erroneous diagnosis of sarcoidosis. However, the patient’s serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) levels were within normal limits; whereas her bronchial washings culture was positive for Mycobacterium TB. Therefore, this was actually a case of pulmonary TB with lymphatic involvement mimicking sarcoidosis. In the third patient (20-year-old female), there were pulmonary parenchymal lesions with the reversed halo sign classically described in cryptogenic organising pneumonia. Micronodularity in the wall and central part of the reversed halo lesion clinched the diagnosis of TB in this case. Laboratory investigations revealed acid fast bacilli or caseating granulomas consistent with TB in all these patients. Therefore, awareness regarding the atypical Computed tomography (CT) findings and a high index of suspicion is necessary to avoid delays in diagnosis and enable early institution of appropriate Antitubercular Therapy (ATT) in such cases.

scholarly journals Frequency of Pulmonary Tuberculosis on high resolution computed tomography in clinically suspected patients visiting Radiology Department Mayo Hospital, Lahore.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2058-2063
Author(s):  
Usman Shahid ◽  
Faiza Farooq ◽  
Khawaja Khursheed ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmad Shad ◽  
Hira Babar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tomography Scan

High resolution computed tomography scan, in modern years, is more effective than standard computed tomography scan and conventional chest radiography in localization of diseases in the lobule of lung and in the appraisal of pulmonary parenchymal diseases because of high-resolution power and minimal partial volume effect. Objectives: To identify pulmonary tuberculosis in clinically suspected patients by high resolution computed tomography scan of chest. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Period: 15th February 2018 to 15th November 2018. Material & Methods: After taking consent, fifty patients, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, were selected by convenient sampling in this cross sectional descriptive study. Demographic details, clinical history and High resolution tomographic scan findings were documented. Data analysis was performed on Microsoft excel and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS v21) and reported by descriptive statistics. Results: Out of 50 patients, pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 44(88%) patients, acute on chronic tuberculosis in 2(4%), healed tuberculosis in 2(4%), interstitial lung disease in 1(2%) & post tubercular sequela in 1(2%) patient. Majority were males (n=29, 58%) and most patients belonged to fifth decade of life (n=19, 38%). Overall mean age of patients was 45.14±12.16 years and mostly belonged to lower socioeconomic status (n=38, 76%). Most common symptom and High resolution computed tomography finding were low grade fever in 45(95%) & consolidation in 39(78%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: High resolution computed tomography scan is valuable in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis & its related spectrum of diseases in patients having clinical suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Determination of the Activity of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: the Utility of High-Resolution Computed Tomography

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Myung Hee Chung ◽  
Hae Giu Lee ◽  
Won Jong Yu ◽  
Hong Jun Chung ◽  
Bo Sung Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Cross-sectional anatomy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
Adams Hei Long Yuen ◽  
Cherry Tsz Ching Poon ◽  
Joon Oh Hwang ◽  
Chang Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractDue to their important phylogenetic position among extant vertebrates, sharks are an invaluable group in evolutionary developmental biology studies. A thorough understanding of shark anatomy is essential to facilitate these studies and documentation of this iconic taxon. With the increasing availability of cross-sectional imaging techniques, the complicated anatomy of both cartilaginous and soft tissues can be analyzed non-invasively, quickly, and accurately. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed anatomical description of the normal banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with cryosection images. Three banded houndsharks were scanned using a 64-detector row spiral CT scanner and a 3 T MRI scanner. All images were digitally stored and assessed using open-source Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine viewer software in the transverse, sagittal, and dorsal dimensions. The banded houndshark cadavers were then cryosectioned at approximately 1-cm intervals. Corresponding transverse cryosection images were chosen to identify the best anatomical correlations for transverse CT and MRI images. The resulting images provided excellent detail of the major anatomical structures of the banded houndshark. The illustrations in the present study could be considered as a useful reference for interpretation of normal and pathological imaging studies of sharks.

Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1681
Author(s):  
Afaque Ali ◽  
Majid Shaikh ◽  
Ahsanullah . ◽  
Adeel Ahmed ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

scholarly journals Incidental Detection of Adrenal Myelolipoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Nabi ◽  
Danish Rafiq ◽  
Fatema N. Authoy ◽  
Ghulam Nabi Sofi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Adrenal Myelolipoma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cect Scan ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Upper Abdomen

Introduction. Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare tumor that is benign in nature, usually asymptomatic, unilateral, and nonsecreting. It is composed of variable mixture of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements and develops within the adrenal gland. With the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging modalities such as ultrasonography and computed tomography, the incidental detection of these tumors is increasing in frequency.Case Presentation. We report a case of adrenal myelolipoma in a 63-year-old Kashmiri male, who presented with pain in the right upper abdomen. Physical examination was unremarkable. Ultrasound abdomen showed the presence of a hyperechoic mass in the right suprarenal region with undefined margins. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan of abdomen revealed a well-defined, round lesion in the right suprarenal region with heterogeneous attenuation suggesting the possibility of myelolipoma. The patient was subjected to right adrenalectomy and his postoperative course was uneventful. The histopathological evaluation of the mass confirmed the initial diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma.Conclusion. Although mostly discovered as an “incidentaloma”, the diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma warrants thorough diagnostic study. Imaging techniques such as ultrasonography and CT scans as well as biochemical studies are useful for indicating the best treatment taking into account the size of the mass and possible hormone production. Surgical resection is advocated through extraperitoneal approach as it minimizes postoperative complications and leads to quicker recovery.

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