Relationships Among Self-Care Agency, Health Perceptions, and Activities of Daily Living in Patients After Tracheostomy: A Cross-sectional Multisite Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Yasemin Altınbaş ◽  
Sinan Aslan ◽  
Türkan Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Care Agency

BACKGROUND: Patients who have undergone tracheostomy may feel weak, perceive a change in their health status, and have difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADL) following hospital discharge. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationships among self-care agency, health perception, and ADL in patients after tracheostomy. METHODS: A cross-sectional multisite descriptive study was conducted between December 31, 2019, and March 31, 2020. The sample consisted of 123 patients discharged from 3 hospitals in different regions of Turkey who agreed to participate in the study, were discharged with a tracheostomy, and received home care for at least 1 month (maximum 3 months) after discharge. The Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, the Self-Care Agency Scale (SCAS), Perception of Health Scale (PHS), and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale were used and completed during face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze data; P < .05 was accepted as the level of significance. RESULTS: Sixty-three (63) of 123 patients (51.2%) were 65 years and older, 86 (69.9%) were male, and 62 (50%) did not receive regular outpatient care. Most underwent surgery < 45 days ago (69; 56%), had cancer (92; 75%), and spent between zero and 185 US dollars per month on tracheostomy care (94; 76%). Compared with patients who received regular outpatient care, SCAS, PHS, and ADL scores were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in patients who did not receive this care. Overall scores showed moderate self-care agency and health perception, and the average ADL scores (14.92 ± 3.05) were in the independent range. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between health perception and self-care agency (r = 0.628; P = .001), health perception and ADL (r = 0.238; P = .008), and self-care agency and ADL (r = 0.461; P = .001). CONCLUSION: Patients who underwent tracheostomy had moderate SCAS and PHS scores, were able to perform ADL independently, and the scores were correlated. Patients with access to outpatient care had significantly higher SCAS, PHS, and ADL scores than patients who did not. Follow-up care may affect all dimensions of health and well-being.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

The effect of activities of daily living on the self-care agency of patients in a cardiovascular surgery clinic

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papatya Karakurt ◽  
Necla Kasimoğlu ◽  
Aybike Bahçeli ◽  
Sebahat Atalikoğlu Başkan ◽  
Burcu Ağdemir
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Care Agency

scholarly journals Relationship Between Activities of Daily Living and Depression in Older Adults

Salmand ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mohamadzadeh ◽  
◽  
Vahid Rashedi ◽  
Mitra Hashemi ◽  
Vahidreza Borhaninejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: Physical disability to perform daily living activities is one of the major causes of depression in the elderly people. On the other hand, depression is associated with loss of interest in daily activities and lack of independence. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of depression with the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in older adults in Iran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 148 elderly people aged ≥60 years who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using ADL, IADL, and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) questionnaires and were then presented by using descriptive statistics and analyzed by Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: Participants were 86 female (58.1%) and 62 male (41.9%); 109 (73.6%) aged 60-75 years, and the rest were older than 75 years; 71 (48%) had moderate or severe depression; 4(2.7%) and 61(41.2%) were dependent or in need of help performing ADL and IADL, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that depression has a significant negative correlation with ADL (r= -0.304, P<0.001) and IADL (r=-0.193, P>0.01); i.e. by increasing one of them, the depression decreases. Conclusion: The ability of the elderly people to perform ADL and IADL can be a good predictor of depression in them. With early assessment of their health and ability by health teams and family members, it is possible to prevent the development of their disability and depression.

scholarly journals Disability relating to instrumental activities of daily living in the elderly with rheumatic diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 570-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo Francisco ◽  
Priscila de Paula Marques ◽  
Flávia Silva Arbex Borim ◽  
Sarina Francescato Torres ◽  
Anita Liberalesso Neri
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Abstract Objective: to characterize the sociodemographic profile of elderly persons with arthritis/rheumatism in relation to gender, as well as to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with functional disability for the performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Method: a cross-sectional population-based study with a sample of 1,136 elderly persons (≥65 years old) from seven Brazilian municipal regions was carried out. Functional capacity was assessed by the self-reports of the elderly in terms of the performance of IADL, using the Lawton Scale. Differences between the genders, according to sociodemographic variables, were verified by the chi-squared test (p<0.05). The prevalence of inability to perform IADL was calculated and the independent associations were verified through multiple logistic regression. Results: the mean age was 72.4 years, 79.1% of the sample were women, and 45.9% of the elderly with arthritis/rheumatism were dependent for the performance of IADL. Differences were observed between the genders in relation to age, marital status, income and household arrangements (p<0.05). A higher prevalence of disability was observed among older elderly persons, those with no schooling and lower incomes, who lived in multigenerational households and who were frail. In the evaluation of the performance of specific activities, elderly persons with arthritis/rheumatism had greater difficulty taking medication (OR: 1,90; CI 95%: 1.19 - 3.06), after adjusting for gender and age. Conclusion: associations were found between functional disability and sociodemographic variables and frailty. Independence in daily activities such as those evaluated in this study is one of the primary conditions for the well-being of the elderly, even in conditions of frailty or chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Functional and self-care capacity of people with multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Railka de Souza Oliveira-Kumakura ◽  
Larissa Maria Bezutti ◽  
Juliany Lino Gomes Silva ◽  
Renata Cristina Gasparino
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Capacity

Objective: describe the self-care and functionality levels of patients with multiple sclerosis and determine whether sociodemographic, clinical and functional variables interfere with self-care and/or functionality. Method: correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach performed with individuals in outpatient follow-up. We collected sociodemographic and clinical data and applied the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale, the Barthel index, the Lawtton and Brody Scale, and the instrument to investigate the performance in Advanced Activities of Daily Living. We performed descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: most patients were classified as “having self-care” (82.14%); with moderate dependence (51.19%) for the basic activities of daily living, partial dependence for the instrumental activities of daily living (55.95%), and more active for the advanced activities of daily living (85.71%). Patients with longer disease duration had a higher number of disabilities and, in those with better socioeconomic and educational profile, the functionality was better. Conclusion: disease duration was strongly correlated with a higher number of disabilities and better socioeconomic and educational profiles showed to be protective factors for functionality. Care planning should consider the needs observed by the multidisciplinary team, stimulating the development of self-care, functionality and sociability.

scholarly journals Predictors of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Performance in Patients with Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amin Ghaffari ◽  
Hamid Reza Rostami ◽  
Malahat Akbarfahimi
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Objective. Instrumental activities of daily livings are important for independent living and active participation in the community. The present study is aimed at determining factors predicting instrumental activities of daily living performance in patients with stroke. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a convenient sample of 90 patients with stroke entered from five occupational therapy centers, which were selected based on the cluster randomization method. Lawton IADL scale, Barthel Index, Trail Making Test (A and B), Digit span subtest of Wechsler memory scale, Motorcity index, and Beck Depression Inventory-II were used to investigate the study’s aim. Statistical analyses were performed using independent sample t -test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results. Age ( r = − 0.384 , p < 0.001 ), memory ( r = 0.565 , p < 0.001 ), basic activities of daily living ( r = 0.818 , p < 0.001 ), depression ( r = − 0.758 , p < 0.001 ), Trial Making Test (B-A) ( r = − 0.614 , p < 0.001 ), and motoricity index ( r = 0.670 , p < 0.001 ) were significantly associated with instrumental activities of daily living performance. Conclusions. Basic activities of daily living were the strongest predictor of IADL’s performance. Age, TMT (B-A), and depression were orderly the next strongest predictors. Stroke patients with more dependency in basic activities of daily living, older age, cognitive impairment, and depression are more opted to be dependent in instrumental activities of daily living and as a result, less participation in home and community affairs.

scholarly journals Association of self-perceived income sufficiency with cognitive impairment among older adults: a population-based study in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Muhammad ◽  
Shobhit Srivastava ◽  
T. V. Sekher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Asset Ownership ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Greater cognitive performance has been shown to be associated with better mental and physical health and lower mortality. The present study contributes to the existing literature on the linkages of self-perceived income sufficiency and cognitive impairment. Study also provides additional insights on other socioeconomic and health-related variables that are associated with cognitive impairment in older ages. Methods Data for this study is derived from the 'Building Knowledge Base on Population Ageing in India'. The final sample size for the analysis after removing missing cases was 9176 older adults. Descriptive along with bivariate analyses were presented to show the plausible associations of cognitive impairment with potential risk factors using the chi-square test. Also, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to provide the relationship between cognitive impairment and risk factors. The software used was STATA 14. Results About 43% of older adults reported that they had no source of income and 7.2% had income but not sufficient to fulfil their basic needs. Older adults with income but partially sufficient to fulfil their basic needs had 39% significantly higher likelihood to suffer from cognitive impairment than older adults who had sufficient income [OR: 1.39; OR: 1.21–1.59]. Likelihood of cognitive impairment was low among older adults with asset ownership than older adults with no asset ownership [OR: 0.83; CI: 0.72–0.95]. Again, older adults who work by compulsion (73.3%) or felt mental or physical stress due to work (57.6%) had highest percentage of cognitive impairment. Moreover, older adults with poor self-rated health, low instrumental activities of daily living, low activities of daily living, low subjective well-being and low psychological health were at increased risk for cognitive impairment. Conclusion The study highlights the pressing need for care and support and especially financial incentives in the old age to preserve cognitive health. Further, while planning geriatric health care for older adults in India, priority must be given to financially backward, with no asset ownership, with poor health status, older-older, widowed, and illiterate older individuals, as they are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment.

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