Features of choroidal blood flow and their influence on formation of peripheral retinal degenerations in school-age children with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
V.V. Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
School Age ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Retinal Degenerations ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Progressive Myopia

Purpose. To study choroidal thickness (CT) and assess its effect on frequency of occurrence dangerous types of peripheral retinal degenerations (PRD) in school-age children with myopia associated with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD). Material and methods. The object of study was 62 children (124 eyes) aged 10–15 years (mean age 12.3±0.8 years) with progressive myopia associated with moderate (48 people, 77.4%) and pronounced (14 people, 22.6%) degree of UCTD. Special ophthalmologic examination included macular imaging by optical coherence tomography (RTVue 100, «Optovue», USA) to measure CT. Diagnostic criteria by T.M. Milkovskaya-Dimitrova et al (1987) were used to identify phenotypic characters of UCTD. Results. Comparative characteristic of CT in macula showed high (p <0.05) relationship between the blood-filled of choroidal vessels and degree of UCTD. Analysis frequency of occurrence of PRD depending on CT demonstrated that against the background accumulation of phenotypic characters of UCTD increase in frequency of occurrence of PRD was observed. Statistical analysis confirmed presence of significant negative correlation between decrease CT and increase in incidence of prognostically dangerous forms of PRD. Conclusion. It was found that in school-age children with myopia with increase degree of UCTD, CT decreases. With choroidal thinning in children with myopia associated with UCTD, the frequency of occurrence dangerous forms of PRD increases. The research results are of clinical importance for the development of rational approaches to clinical examination and treatment children with school myopia with clinical signs of UCTD. Key words: progressive myopia, undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, choroidal thickness, peripheral retinal degeneration, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

scholarly journals Relevance of the Problem of Myopia in School-age Children with Signs of Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Dysplasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2S) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
V. V. Li ◽  
G. P. Smoliakova ◽  
V. V. Egorov ◽  
O. I. Kashura
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Myopia ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Purpose:to study the frequency and structure of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) in school-age children with myopia, their relationship to choroidal thickness and course of myopia.Patients and methods. The object of study was 120 children (240 eyes) aged 11–13 years with school axial myopia (axial length (AL) from 24.5 to 26.0 mm). Special ophthalmological examination included optical coherent tomography of macular zone (“RTVue 100” Optovue, USA) and “Cross Line” scan for measuring choroidal thickness in foveal area and 1000 μm from it in nasal and temporal regions.Results.According to studies, the phenotypic signs of UCTD were diagnosed in 56 children (46.7%) with school myopia, the largest group included phenotypic signs of locomotor syndrome; 14 children (25%) had a weak degree of UCTD, 34 children (60.7%) — moderate degree and 8 children (14.3%) — pronounced degree. Comparative characteristic of changes in choroidal thickness detected a high degree of interrelation between the severity of clinical manifestations of UCTD and the level of decrease in blood-flow in the choroid. In children of the main group with signs of UCTD, the annual growth of AL exceeded the same parameters in children of the control group by more than 2.5 times (p < 0.05); due of accumulation of phenotypic signs of UCTD, a more noticeable tendency to decrease of choroidal thickness and the increase of AL was observed (p < 0.05). The statistical analysis confirmed the presence of significant negative correlation between the decrease in average thickness index in segment of the macular map and the degree of increase of AL (p < 0.05).Conclusions. According to results of diagnostic screening, in 46.7% children with school myopia, we detected phenotypic signs of UCTD. The method of optical coherence tomography showed that with increasing severity of UCTD, indexes of choroidal thickness in the macular zone are significant decreased. In the catamnesis (duration 1 year), it was found that in children with myopia with moderate and pronounced degrees of UCTD, increase of AL is associated with degree of thinning choroidal thickness, which indicates violations of biomechanical status of sclera. 

scholarly journals Features of physical and sexual development in school-aged children with psychosomatic disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
I.S. Lebets ◽  
S.I. Turchina ◽  
T.M. Matkovska ◽  
S.V. Novokhatska ◽  
V.V. Nikonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Background. Monitoring of physical and sexual development indicators using standards appropriate to age and sex, especially in children with chronic diseases is the most important element of management of children and adolescents with various pathologies because it allows managing the treatment process and improving it timely. Unfortunately, these issues have not been stu­died enough today. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of somatic and mental diseases on the physical and sexual development impairments in school-age children. Materials and methods. Nine hundred and thirty-five patients aged 10–17 years (boys — 441, girls — 494) with the following pathology were exa­mined: diabetes mellitus type 1, diffuse nontoxic goiter (DNG) with various menstrual disorders (girls with abnormal uterine bleeding), and girls with hypomenorrhea syndrome (HMS), mental disorders (functional and organic), systemic connective tissue dysplasia, secondary cardiomyopathy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The comparison group enrolled healthy children of the same age. Results. The presence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, diffuse nontoxic goiter were proved to ne­gatively affect the somatosexual development of school-age children and contribute to the formation of disharmonious physical development (in 32.4 % of patients with diabetes mellitus 1 and 56.6 % of adolescents with DNG) and sexual maturation. It was established that 52.4 % of girls with gynecological pathology presen­ted with harmonious physical development. Against the background of disharmony of physical development, girls are more likely to develop menstrual irregularities such as HMS. Harmonious physical development is registered in 50.8 % of patients with JIA. 67.25 % of people with JIA have normal growth rates. Exceedance of normal and lower values are observed in girls (p < 0.05). At the stages of puberty, the most common deviations in growth and body weight were observed in early puberty (100 %), the least often — in late puberty (42.8 %). In 56.8 % of patients with SLE, harmonious physical development was registered. The most common were as follows: overweight (33.3 %), decreased growth rate (17.6 %), and weight deficit (11.7 %). Based on the frequency of SLE, it was determined that the most vulnerable were puberty (91.0 %) and prepuberty (87.5 %). The onset of SLE in late puberty occurred in 26.3 % of cases. In patients with secondary cardiomyopathies and systemic connective tissue dysplasia, no significant statistical differences in age-related parameters were found. Most patients with mental disorders had a harmonious physical development (93.6 %). Among the violations of the latter, the deficit of body weight was most often determined (19.5 %).

scholarly journals Informativeness of phenotypic features of connective tissue dysplasia in children with peritoneal adhesions

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Melnichenko ◽  
A. A. Kvashnina
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Postoperative Adhesion ◽  
Abdominal Adhesions ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesions ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Connective tissue dysplasia can be realized with a large number of clinical variants, and accordingly, excessive postoperative adhesion formation can be considered as a manifestation of dysplastic-dependent processes. In the predominant number of surveyed children (93.8%) CTD has developed on the background of existing connective tissue dysplasia syndrome, i.e. the presence of external signs of this condition may serve as a predictor of postoperative complications of adhesions in children.Direct correlation between the number of CTD phenotypic characters and the prevalence of intra-abdominal adhesions was determined. In our view, it allows to detect children at risk of peritoneal adhesions on the basis of external features that can be identified during general examination and do not require additional time or equipment. Accordingly, the surgical treatment of children with signs of CTD syndrome requires an integrated approach and the application of measures to prevent excessive adhesion formation, including intraoperative use of anti-adhesive gels.

scholarly journals Assessment of cerebral blood flow in children with myopia in combination with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
T.V. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Joint Hypermobility ◽  
Visual Analyzer ◽  
Elastic Parameters ◽  
Beighton Score ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Progressive Myopia

Background. In practice, patients with numerous undifferentiated forms of connective tissue dysplasia are more common. With regard to the combination of myopia and undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, one of the links in the mechanism of origin of this refractive anomaly is decreased thickness of the sclera and a change in its elastic parameters. Myopia in children often occurs against the background of impaired blood supply to the visual analyzer associated with circulatory pathology in the vertebral vessels. The purpose was to evaluate cerebral blood flow in patients with myopia in combination with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. Materials and methods. The study involved 86 children (170 eyes) diagnosed with progressive myopia. All patients were consulted by related specialists to detect undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia and underwent a complete ophthalmological exa-mination. The diagnostic coefficient of expression of phenotypic and clinical signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia was also determined using the expert table of T. Kadurina. Results. Phenotypic and clinical signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia were noted in 41 (100 %) cases when evaluating according to the criteria of T. Mil-kovskaya-Dimitrova and T. Kadurina, and in 34 (83.0 %) children du-ring screening for joint hypermobility on Beighton score. As for increased axial length of the eye in the examined patients with myopia and undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, it was noted that an increase had a direct correlation with the severity of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, with the greatest correlation obtained in children with pronounced phenotypic manifestations in the musculoskeletal system (correlation coefficient was 0.83). Chemical regulation of carotid artery tone (respiratory failure test) is altered in the vast majority of patients with myopia. Conclusions. All children with progressive myopia are re-commended to be examined by related specialists to identify undif-ferentiated connective tissue dysplasia and hemodynamic disorders. Only a comprehensive approach to this refractive anomaly can be effective in combating its progression.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND PHENOTYPIC MARKERS OF DISPLASIA OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE IN CHILDREN WITH VARIOUS UROLOGICAL AND ANDROLOGICAL PATHOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Sharkov ◽  
I. G. Vasileva ◽  
A. I. Strelnikov ◽  
V. V. Polozov
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phenotypic Markers ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Main Observation ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Tissue Structures

The increase in the number of urological and andrological diseases associated with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia dictates the need to study this problem in childhood. The present study was aimed at analyzing the phenotypic manifestations of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, as well as the severity of the morphological changes in its structures in children with various urological and andrological pathology, that constituted the main observation group. As a control group, children with a similar pathology of the genitourinary system without signs of mesenchymal insufficiency were examined. Comparative analysis of the detection of the number of phenotypic markers as one of the indicators of connective tissue dysplasia in children with various nosological forms from the urological department made it possible to determine the prevalence rate of the number of phenotypes in patients with hypospadia, varicocele and congenital edema of the testicle, and in the highest percentage of cases - in patients with hypospadias. Craniocephalic anomalies and small anomalies of the oral cavity were diagnosed most frequently. In a smaller percentage of cases, stigmata of the auricles and the osteoarticular system were identified. Phenotypic manifestations of dysplasia in the form of eye anomalies, pathology of the skin and its appendages - were noted even less often. The morphological confirmation of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in the examined patients was the detection of dystrophy of collagen and elastic fibers, detected by means of microscopy. At the same time, a characteristic sign of dysplasia was the chaotic arrangement of collagen fibers, their thickening and discontinuity. Staining for elastin allowed detecting the uneven arrangement, curvature or fragmentation of elastic fibers. In the work, there was made a study of the features of morphological changes in connective tissue structures, depending on the nosological form. With this aim, we divided various histological signs of mesenchymal insufficiency, revealed during microscopy, in three degrees of the severity. Histological studies of connective tissue structures confirmed the predominance of more pronounced morphological manifestations of dysplasia in patients with hypospadias. They had severe dystrophic changes in 70% of cases, while such abnormalities in children operated for varicocele, were noted in every fourth biopsy, and in hydrops patients - only in 15% of cases. The study of collagen and elastic fibers of dermal preparations resected during surgical interventions in children with phimosis against the background of dysplasia syndrome showed no significant pathological changes. In biopsies of this group of patients, there were only minimal manifestations of mesenchymal insufficiency. In children with urological and andrological pathology without signs of undifferentiated dysplasia, morphological disturbances in structural components of connective tissue corresponding to mild severity were noted. Thus, the performed analysis of manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia in children with various urological and andrological pathology showed the prevalence of the number of phenotypic markers and the severity of morphological changes in children with hypospadias. Less severe manifestations of dysplasia were noted in patients with varicocele and hydrocele. The study of signs of connective tissue insufficiency in the group of patients with phimosis showed their minimal manifestations.

Assessment of the Influence of Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Dysplasia on the Course of Myopia in School Age Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
V.V. Li ◽  
◽  
O.V. Kolenko ◽  
V.V. Egorov ◽  
G.P. Smolyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
School Myopia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Purpose. To study the effect of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) on the clinical features of the course of school myopia. Material and methods. The object of study – 120 children (240 eyes) aged 12–15 years with moderate axial myopia. In addition to standard examination methods, computer accommodography and measure of convergence were carried out. Two observation groups were formed: the main – 80 people (160 eyes) with clinical manifestations of UCTD, the control – 40 people (80 eyes) without clinical manifestations of UCTD. According to the severity of clinical manifestations of UCTD in the main group, 3 subgroups were distinguished: 1–A – 25 children (50 eyes) with a weak degree of UCTD, 1–B – 38 children (76 eyes) with a moderate degree of UCTD, 1–C – 17 children (34 eyes) with a pronounced degree of UCTD. Results. Locomotor syndrome prevails in the structure of UCTD in children of the main group. A comparative analysis of the frequency of peripheral retinal degeneration revealed that most often they are detected in children with myopia associated with UCTD. In children of the main observation group, weakness of accommodation prevails in the structure of accommodation disorders (p<0,05). In the general population of examined in 39 children (32,5%), the presence of esophoria of varying degrees of compensation was diagnosed. A statistically significant difference was revealed between the control group and the subgroup of children with myopia associated with a pronounced degree of UCTD. Conclusion. Phenotypic signs of locomotor syndrome prevails in the structure of UCTD. School myopia in children with UCTD is characterized by: an increase in the frequency of peripheral retinal degeneration in 2,9 times; an increase in the proportion of children with a weakness of accommodation – in 1,7 times and violations between accommodation and convergence – in 2,2 times, compared with children with myopia without UCTD.

Influence undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia on sta the macular region in children with progressive myopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
V.V. Li ◽  
◽  
O.V. Kolenko ◽  
V.V. Egorov ◽  
G.P. Smoliakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Progressive Myopia

Актуальность. Миопия у детей относится к числу самых распространенных причин снижения зрения. Согласно современным представлениям, в происхождении и прогрессировании миопии ведущую роль играют нарушения биомеханических свойств склеральной капсулы глаза, которые ассоциированы с недифференцированной дисплазией соединительной ткани (НДСТ). Известно, что большую роль в сосудисто-трофическом обеспечении внутренних слоев склеры играет хориоидея, где сосредоточено более 80% циркулирующей в глазу крови. Поэтому отклонения в хориоидальном кровотоке будут способствовать снижению трофических и биомеханических свойств склеры и, следовательно, созданию условий для увеличения аксиальных размеров глаза и прогрессирования миопии. Цель. Изучить влияние недифференцированной дисплазии соединительной ткани на толщину сосудистой оболочки. Материал и методы. Объект исследования – 120 детей (240 глаз) с прогрессирующей миопией средней и высокой степени осевого типа в возрасте 12–15 лет. Все дети были разделены на 2 группы: основную – 50 чел. (100 глаз) с умеренной и выраженной степенью НДСТ и контрольную – 50 чел. (100 глаз) без фенотипических признаков НДСТ. Специальное офтальмологическое обследование включало оптическую когерентную томографию макулярной зоны (RTVue 100, Optovue, США) – режим увеличения глубины для измерения толщины хориоидеи (ТХ) по протоколу Cross Line в области фовеа и в 1000 мкм от нее в носовую и височную стороны. По полученным данным рассчитывали среднюю ТХ в макуле в мкм. Вариантом нормы являлась ТХ в макуле 10 практически здоровых детей аналогичного возраста с эмметропией. Результаты. После обработки материалов были получены следующие данные: ТХ в макулярной области в основной группе составила 270,1±15,3 мкм, в контрольной группе – 306,3±11,5 мкм, а в группе без патологии рефракции – 325,5±7,6 мкм. Анализ полученных результатов показал статистически значимые межгрупповые различия (p <0,05). Выводы. Установлено, что при наличии НДСТ снижается показатель ТХ в макулярной области, что создает условия для снижения хориоидального кровотока и роста переднезадней оси глаза.

A Therapeutic Technique for the Improvement of Lingua-Alveolar Valving Abilities

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Paul Dworkin
Keyword(s):  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Bite Block ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Remedial Program

This study was designed to determine if a remedial program using a bite-block device could inhibit hypermandibular activity (HMA) and thereby improve the lingua-alveolar valving (LAV) abilities of four school-age children who demonstrated multiple lingua-alveolar (LA) phonemic errors. The results revealed significant improvements in LAV and LA phoneme articulatory skills in all of the children who used the bite-block device to reduce HMA subsequent to comprehensive training sessions.

Dimensions of Multiskilling

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Support Personnel ◽  
Educational Personnel ◽  
Educational Audiology ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Improve Service Delivery

Educational audiologists often must delegate certain tasks to other educational personnel who function as support personnel and need training in order to perform assigned tasks. Support personnel are people who, after appropriate training, perform tasks that are prescribed, directed, and supervised by a professional such as a certified and licensed audiologist. The training of support personnel to perform tasks that are typically performed by those in other disciplines is calledmultiskilling. This article discusses multiskilling and the use of support personnel in educational audiology in reference to the following principles: guidelines, models of multiskilling, components of successful multiskilling, and "dos and don’ts" for multiskilling. These principles are illustrated through the use of multiskilling in the establishment of a hearing aid monitoring program. Successful multiskilling and the use of support personnel by educational audiologists can improve service delivery to school-age children with hearing loss.

Perceptions of Stuttering of Different Age Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311-1315
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Kondrashov ◽  
John A. Tetnowski
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
School Age ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Subject Pool

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of stuttering of school-age children who stutter and those of adults who stutter through the use of the same tools that could be commonly used by clinicians. Method Twenty-three participants across various ages and stuttering severity were administered both the Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition (SSI-4; Riley, 2009 ) and the Wright & Ayre Stuttering Self-Rating Profile ( Wright & Ayre, 2000 ). Comparisons were made between severity of behavioral measures of stuttering made by the SSI-4 and by age (child/adult). Results Significant differences were obtained for the age comparison but not for the severity comparison. Results are explained in terms of the correlation between severity equivalents of the SSI-4 and the Wright & Ayre Stuttering Self-Rating Profile scores, with clinical implications justifying multi-aspect assessment. Conclusions Clinical implications indicate that self-perception and impact of stuttering must not be assumed and should be evaluated for individual participants. Research implications include further study with a larger subject pool and various levels of stuttering severity.

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