scholarly journals The nature of regional magnetic anomalies in the northeast of the Barents-Kara continental margin based on the results of seismic data interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
E.V. Shipilov ◽  
◽  
L.I. Lobkovsky ◽  
S.I. Shkarubo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Seismic Reflection Method ◽  
Anna Trough ◽  
Seismic Sections ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya

Based on the interpretation of seismic sections via seismic reflection method, the lines of which intersect the positive magnetic anomalies in the St. Anna Trough and on the North Kara Shelf, the authors have substantiated the position of the Early Cretaceous dike belt in the north of the Barents-Kara platform for the first time. They traced the belt from the arch-block elevation of arch. Franz Josef Land, which belongs to the Svalbard platе through the Saint Anna Trough and further into the Kara platе to arch. Severnaya Zemlya. The distinguished dyke belt has discordant relationships with the structural-tectonic plan of the region under consideration. The authors illustrate the manifestations of dyke magmatism in the marked tectonic elements in seismic sections, and conclude that the dyke belt relates to the formation of the structural system of the Arctic basin.

scholarly journals Ozone variability and halogen oxidation within the Arctic and sub-Arctic springtime boundary layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 10223-10236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Gilman ◽  
J. F. Burkhart ◽  
B. M. Lerner ◽  
E. J. Williams ◽  
W. C. Kuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Boundary Layer ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. The influence of halogen oxidation on the variabilities of ozone (O3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within the Arctic and sub-Arctic atmospheric boundary layer was investigated using field measurements from multiple campaigns conducted in March and April 2008 as part of the POLARCAT project. For the ship-based measurements, a high degree of correlation (r = 0.98 for 544 data points collected north of 68° N) was observed between the acetylene to benzene ratio, used as a marker for chlorine and bromine oxidation, and O3 signifying the vast influence of halogen oxidation throughout the ice-free regions of the North Atlantic. Concurrent airborne and ground-based measurements in the Alaskan Arctic substantiated this correlation and were used to demonstrate that halogen oxidation influenced O3 variability throughout the Arctic boundary layer during these springtime studies. Measurements aboard the R/V Knorr in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans provided a unique view of the transport of O3-poor air masses from the Arctic Basin to latitudes as far south as 52° N. FLEXPART, a Lagrangian transport model, was used to quantitatively determine the exposure of air masses encountered by the ship to first-year ice (FYI), multi-year ice (MYI), and total ICE (FYI+MYI). O3 anti-correlated with the modeled total ICE tracer (r = −0.86) indicating that up to 73% of the O3 variability measured in the Arctic marine boundary layer could be related to sea ice exposure.

scholarly journals Glaciochemical reconnaissance of a new ice core from Severnaya Zemlya, Eurasian Arctic

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (172) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Weiler ◽  
Hubertus Fischer ◽  
Diedrich Fritzsche ◽  
Urs Ruth ◽  
Frank Wilhelms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Siberian Arctic ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Combustion Processes

AbstractA deep ice core has been drilled on Akademii Nauk ice cap, Severnaya Zemlya, Eurasian Arctic. High-resolution chemical analysis has been carried out for the upper 53 m of this ice core to study its potential as an atmospheric aerosol archive, despite strong meltwater percolation. These records show that a seasonal atmospheric signal cannot be deduced. However, strong year-to-year variations have allowed the core to be dated, and a mean annual net mass balance of 0.46 m w.e. a-1 was deduced. The chemical signature of an extraordinarily high peak in electrical conductivity at 26 m depth pointed clearly to the eruption of Bezymianny, Kamchatka, in 1956. However, in general, peaks in the electrical conductivity are not necessarily related to deposition of volcanogenic sulphur aerosol. In contrast, maximum sulphate and nitrate concentrations in the ice could be related to maximum SO2 and NOx anthropogenic emissions in the 1970s, probably caused by the nickel- and copper-producing industries in Norilsk and on the Kola peninsula or by industrial combustion processes occurring in the Siberian Arctic. In addition, during recent decades sulphate and nitrate concentrations declined by 80% and 60%, respectively, reflecting a decrease in anthropogenic pollution of the Arctic basin.

Trans-Polar Aviation and Jurisdiction over Arctic Airspace

1943 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer Plischke
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Basin ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Periodical Literature ◽  
World War ◽  
The North ◽  
The First World War ◽  
In Trans ◽  
First World ◽  
Present World

Current press articles and periodical literature, both in the United States and abroad, are manifesting a developing interest in trans-polar aviation and Arctic aërial jurisdiction. Although this interest in Arctic airspace appears to be conceived in the exigencies of the present world conflict, belief in the practicability of air routes traversing the Arctic Basin and joining the great centers of civilization of the two hemispheres was expressed as long ago as shortly after the First World War. Perhaps most vocal of the exponents is the polar explorer and publicist Vilhjalmur Stefansson, who began to stress the positional significance of the Arctic almost twenty years ago.Meanwhile the feasibility of polar aviation was demonstrated in actual practice. Following a series of experimental flights by dirigible and plane—and once the urge to attain the North Pole via the air materialized in the successful flights of Richard E. Byrd, Roald Amundsen-Lincoln Ellsworth, and Umberto Nobile in 1926 and 1928—polar flying concentrated largely upon the spanning of the Atlantic and Pacific aërial highways between the two hemispheres.

Empirical observations relating near‐surface magnetic anomalies to high‐frequency seismic data and Landsat data in eastern Sheridan County, Montana

Geophysics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1553-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Andrew ◽  
Duncan M. Edwards ◽  
Robert J. Graf ◽  
Richard J. Wold
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Seismic Line ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The North ◽  
Basement Faults ◽  
Magnetic Basement ◽  
Seismic Sections

Our empirical synergistic correlations of aeromagnetic and seismic data and a Landsat lineament interpretation revealed lineations on the magnetic map that have expression on seismic sections. We observed a conjugate set of northwest‐southeast and northeast‐southwest trending magnetic lineaments (zones which offset and truncate near‐surface magnetic anomalies). We believe these OZs (offset zones) represent lateral faults in a wrench‐fault system. Lateral offsets appear to be 100s of meters to a few kilometers (fractions of a mile to a few miles). We observed a direct correlation between OZs and vertical faults in seismic data. Faults on seismic sections extend from near the surface to near the seismic basement. The faults are most pronounced in the Upper Cretaceous reflectors and seem to disappear with depth. Fault throws are inconsistent (reversing throw across faults). OZs trend northeast‐southwest in the north half of the study area and both northeast‐southwest and northwest‐southeast in the south half. The OZ direction of northeast‐southwest in the north half of the survey is confirmed with seismic data. The northwest‐southeast seismic line contains numerous faults and the northeast‐southwest seismic line contains few faults. Most northeast‐southwest faults do not appear to reach seismic basement and are not seen in an interpretation of the magnetic basement. In two cases, northwest‐southeast OZs and correlative Landsat lineaments coincide with mapped magnetic basement faults. These magnetic basement faults can be seen in seismic data too. Faults trending northwest‐southeast may represent Precambrian faults reactivated during the Laramide Orogeny. Movement along these faults possibly generated the northeast‐southwest faults. Most oil fields have an associated near‐surface magnetic anomaly. Other near‐surface magnetic anomalies occur over obvious, untested (in 1985), seismic character or amplitude anomalies in seismic events which correlate with producing intervals in the oil fields. This synergistic correlation is the most important single observation from our study. Different data types and interpretation techniques identified the same geologic trends and prospective geographical areas. This fundamentally important information is often lost in bickering over which filter or processing technique to use or in arguments over which data type is “more important” than others. Further, if the synergistic correlation of data types were not done, the importance of the anomalous features in each individual data type may not have been recognized.

Legacies of the Jackson-Harmsworth expedition, 1894–1897

Polar Record ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Savitt ◽  
Cornelia Lüdecke
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
North Pole ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Comprehensive Planning ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Full Extent ◽  
The North ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Managerial Experience

Frederick George Jackson, the leader of the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition of 1894–1897, accomplished a great deal during his exploration of Franz Josef Land [Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa] although his achievements have never been fully acknowledged. Jackson's expedition itself has often been eclipsed by his famous meeting in 1896 with Fridtjof Nansen, absent for 3 years in the Arctic and it has been unfairly coloured by the view that Jackson was no more than an adventurer and sportsman. The research reported in this article evaluates Jackson's plan and management activities. The study developed a set of factors to evaluate his performance arising from a variety of expeditions contemporary with Jackson's. His strong personality and limited personnel managerial experience limited the full extent of what he might have achieved. Yet, Jackson developed a strong exploration model that was based on comprehensive planning, a significant concern for the health and welfare of his companions, the willingness to innovate in a number of activities including sledging, and a commitment to scientific discovery. Although the expedition did not find a route to the North Pole, Jackson confirmed that Franz Josef Land was an archipelago and he gave credence to the consumption of fresh meat as a means of preventing scurvy. One of Jackson's legacies to subsequent explorers was the use of ponies for haulage. He was unable to appreciate the weaknesses in their use and his influence on subsequent Antarctic expeditions often led to undesirable results. But, overall, Jackson was an innovator in a conservative exploration community.

scholarly journals Impact of a Reduced Arctic Sea Ice Cover on Ocean and Atmospheric Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Sedláček ◽  
Reto Knutti ◽  
Olivia Martius ◽  
Urs Beyerle
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Storm Tracks ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract The Arctic sea ice cover declined over the last few decades and reached a record minimum in 2007, with a slight recovery thereafter. Inspired by this the authors investigate the response of atmospheric and oceanic properties to a 1-yr period of reduced sea ice cover. Two ensembles of equilibrium and transient simulations are produced with the Community Climate System Model. A sea ice change is induced through an albedo change of 1 yr. The sea ice area and thickness recover in both ensembles after 3 and 5 yr, respectively. The sea ice anomaly leads to changes in ocean temperature and salinity to a depth of about 200 m in the Arctic Basin. Further, the salinity and temperature changes in the surface layer trigger a “Great Salinity Anomaly” in the North Atlantic that takes roughly 8 yr to travel across the North Atlantic back to high latitudes. In the atmosphere the changes induced by the sea ice anomaly do not last as long as in the ocean. The response in the transient and equilibrium simulations, while similar overall, differs in specific regional and temporal details. The surface air temperature increases over the Arctic Basin and the anomaly extends through the whole atmospheric column, changing the geopotential height fields and thus the storm tracks. The patterns of warming and thus the position of the geopotential height changes vary in the two ensembles. While the equilibrium simulation shifts the storm tracks to the south over the eastern North Atlantic and Europe, the transient simulation shifts the storm tracks south over the western North Atlantic and North America. The authors propose that the overall reduction in sea ice cover is important for producing ocean anomalies; however, for atmospheric anomalies the regional location of the sea ice anomalies is more important. While observed trends in Arctic sea ice are large and exceed those simulated by comprehensive climate models, there is little evidence based on this particular model that the seasonal loss of sea ice (e.g., as occurred in 2007) would constitute a threshold after which the Arctic would exhibit nonlinear, irreversible, or strongly accelerated sea ice loss. Caution should be exerted when extrapolating short-term trends to future sea ice behavior.

scholarly journals Influence of Atlantic inflow on the freshwater content in the upper layer of the Arctic basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-388
Author(s):  
G. V. Alekseev ◽  
A. V. Pnyushkov ◽  
A. V. Smirnov ◽  
A. E. Vyazilova ◽  
N. I. Glok
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North

Inter-decadal changes in the water layer of Atlantic origin and freshwater content (FWC) in the upper 100 m layer were traced jointly to assess the influence of inflows from the Atlantic on FWC changes based on oceanographic observations in the Arctic Basin for the 1960s – 2010s. For this assessment, we used oceanographic data collected at the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) and the International Arctic Research Center (IARC). The AARI data for the decades of 1960s – 1990s were obtained mainly at the North Pole drifting ice camps, in high-latitude aerial surveys in the 1970s, as well as in ship-based expeditions in the 1990s. The IARC database contains oceanographic measurements acquired using modern CTD (Conductivity – Temperature – Depth) systems starting from the 2000s. For the reconstruction of decadal fields of the depths of the upper and lower 0 °С isotherms and FWC in the 0–100 m layer in the periods with a relatively small number of observations (1970s – 1990s), we used a climatic regression method based on the conservativeness of the large-scale structure of water masses in the Arctic Basin. Decadal fields with higher data coverage were built using the DIVAnd algorithm. Both methods showed almost identical results when compared.  The results demonstrated that the upper boundary of the Atlantic water (AW) layer, identified with the depth of zero isotherm, raised everywhere by several tens of meters in 1990s – 2010s, when compared to its position before the start of warming in the 1970s. The lower boundary of the AW layer, also determined by the depth of zero isotherm, became deeper. Such displacements of the layer boundaries indicate an increase in the volume of water in the Arctic Basin coming not only through the Fram Strait, but also through the Barents Sea. As a result, the balance of water masses was disturbed and its restoration had to occur due to the reduction of the volume of the upper most dynamic freshened layer. Accordingly, the content of fresh water in this layer should decrease. Our results confirmed that FWC in the 0–100 m layer has decreased to 2 m in the Eurasian part of the Arctic Basin to the west of 180° E in the 1990s. In contrast, the FWC to the east of 180° E and closer to the shores of Alaska and the Canadian archipelago has increased. These opposite tendencies have been intensified in the 2000s and the 2010s. A spatial correlation between distributions of the FWC and the positions of the upper AW boundary over different decades confirms a close relationship between both distributions. The influence of fresh water inflow is manifested as an increase in water storage in the Canadian Basin and the Beaufort Gyre in the 1990s – 2010s. The response of water temperature changes from the tropical Atlantic to the Arctic Basin was traced, suggesting not only the influence of SST at low latitudes on changes in FWC, but indicating the distant tropical impact on Arctic processes. 

scholarly journals Causes and features of long-term variability of the ice extent in the Barents Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Krasheninnikova ◽  
M. A. Krasheninnikova
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
The North ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis

Based on the spectral analysis of a number of estimates of the ice extent of the Barents Sea, obtained from instrumental observational data for 1900–2014, and for the selected CMIP5 project models (MPI-ESM-LR, MPI-ESMMR and GFDL-CM3) for 1900–2005, a typical period of ~60‑year inter-annual variability associated with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) in conditions of a general significant decrease in the ice extent of the Barents Sea, which, according to observations and model calculations, was 20 and 15%, respectively, which confirms global warming. The maximum contribution to the total dispersion of temperature, ice cover of the Barents Sea, AMO, introduces variability with periods of more than 20 years and trends that are 47, 20, 51% and 33, 57, 30%, respectively. On the basis of the cross correlation analysis,  significant links have been established between the ice extent of the Barents Sea, AMO, and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) for the  period 1900–2014. A significant negative connection (R = −0.8) of ice cover and Atlantic multi-decadal oscillations was revealed at periods of more than 20 years with a shift of 1–2 years; NAO and ice cover (R = −0.6) with a shift of 1–2 years for periods of 10–20 years; AMO and NAO (R = −0.4 ÷ −0.5) with a 3‑year shift with AMO leading at 3–4, 6–8 and more than 20 years. The periods of the ice cover growth are specified: 1950–1980 and the reduction of the ice cover: the 1920–1950 and the 1980–2010 in the Barents Sea. Intensification of the transfer of warm waters from the North Atlantic to the Arctic basin, under the atmospheric influence caused by the NAO, accompanied by the growth of AMO leads to an increase in temperature, salinity and a decrease of ice cover in the Barents Sea. During periods of ice cover growth, opposite tendencies appear. The decrease in the ice cover area of the entire Northern Hemisphere by 1.5 × 106 km2 since the mid-1980s. to the beginning of the 2010, identified in the present work on NOAA satellite data, confirms the results obtained on the change in ice extent in the Barents Sea.

scholarly journals SEISMICITY of the ARCTIC in 2015

2021 ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
A. Morozov ◽  
G. Avetisov ◽  
G. Antonovskaya ◽  
V. Asming ◽  
S. Baranov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Station ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Earthquake Catalog ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Ocean Ridges ◽  
The North ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Barents And Kara Seas ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article provides an overview and analysis of seismicity within the boundaries of the Arctic region for 2015, a description of seismic station networks, and processing methods. The catalog of earthquakes in the Arctic region was compiled on the basis of catalogs of several organizations and seismological centers. In total, 334 earthquakes are included in the earthquake catalog. Most of the earthquakes that occurred in 2015, including all the strongest earthquakes, were located within the mid-ocean ridges of Mon, Knipovich and Gakkel. In the offshore territories, most of the earthquakes were confined to the Svalbard archipelago, in particular, to the seismically active zone in the Sturfjord strait. The renewal of instrumental seismological observations in 2011 (station ZFI) on Alexandra Land Island in the Franz Josef Land archipelago made it possible to record weak earthquakes in the north of the shelf of the Barents and Kara Seas. For twelve earthquakes, the focal mechanism parameters are presented according to the Global CMT catalog.

Descriptions of Pedinosoma curtum Reibisch from North-West Pacific and a late larva of Pedinosoma polaris sp. nov. from the Arctic Basin (Polychaeta: Phyllodocida: Lopadorhynchidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
G.N. Buzhinskaja
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

A specimen of the pelagic polychaete Pedinosoma curtum Reibisch (Lopadorhynchidae) is described from the North-West Pacific. It differs from the Atlantic specimens of the species in longer aciculae, larger antennae as compared with palps and pigmentation of the dorsal cirri. A late larva of Pedinosoma рolaris sp. nov. is described from plankton of the Arctic Basin (depth 2000–1000 m). The distinctive characters of the new species are: podial lobes, aciculae and compound chaetae present on the tentacular segment, the absence of cirrophores of the tentacular and ventral podial cirri, the podial cirri arranged on the podial process, and a well-developed pygidium bearing anal cirri. An additional diagnosis of the genus Pedinosoma Reibisch is provided.

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