scholarly journals Immigrants’ initial firm allocation and earnings growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Wen Ci ◽  
Feng Hou
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Earnings Differential ◽  
Earnings Growth ◽  
Capital Humain ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
General Human Capital

While employers are playing an increasingly important role in immigration selection in Canada, little is known about how firm-level characteristics affect the economic integration of immigrants. Using a Canadian employer–employee matched dataset, this paper considers whether immigrants initially employed in low-paying firms in Canada experienced inferior earnings growth than those initially employed in high-paying firms. The results show that the large earnings differential observed between immigrants initially employed in low- and high-paying firms diminished only slightly over the subsequent 14 years, even when differences in demographic and general human capital characteristics are taken into account.Alors que les employeurs jouent un rôle de plus en plus important dans la sélection des immigrants qui s’établissent au Canada, on en sait peu sur la façon dont les caractéristiques au niveau de l’entreprise influencent l’intégration économique de ces derniers. Au moyen d’un ensemble de données appariées sur les employeurs et les employés, le présent document vise à déterminer si la croissance des gains des immigrants employés initialement au Canada par des entreprises à bas salaires est plus faible que celle des gains des immigrants employés au départ par des entreprises à hauts salaires. Les résultats montrent que l’écart important observé entre les gains des immigrants employés au départ par des entreprises à bas salaires et de ceux employés par des entreprises à hauts salaires ne diminuait que légèrement au cours des 14 années suivantes, même après avoir tenu compte des différences de caractéristiques démographiques et de caractéristiques générales du capital humain.

scholarly journals The Role of Relationships at Work and Happiness: A Moderated Moderated Mediation Study of New Zealand Managers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrod Haar ◽  
Anja Schmitz ◽  
Annamaria Di Fabio ◽  
Urs Daellenbach
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Employee Happiness

Interpersonal relationships at work are important especially for the well-being of employees. The present study tests Positive Relational Management (PRM) and its influence on employee happiness, and we include two firm-level moderators and an individual-level mediator to better understand the potential complexity of effects. Importantly, we test this in the context of New Zealand, which has been under-represented in employee studies of happiness and is important due to a growing national interest in wellbeing. We test whether positive relationships at work shape greater meaningful work (MFW) and this then influences happiness and mediates the effects of PRM. We also include Human Capital (the quality of people inside the firm) and firm size as moderators and combine these all to test a moderated moderated mediation model in PROCESS. We test this on a sample of 302 New Zealand managers with time-separated data. We confirm the dimensionality and reliability of the PRM scale and find it is positively related to MFW and happiness, while MFW fully mediates the direct effect of PRM. We find interaction effects including a moderated moderated mediation effect, with the indirect effect of PRM differing depending on firm size and the strength of human capital. The implications for understanding the importance of relationships on employee happiness is discussed.

Standards for Skill Training and Development

2009 ◽  
pp. 810-816
Author(s):  
Lichia Yiu ◽  
Raymond Saner
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Ongoing Training ◽  
Continued Education ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Government

Human capital is seen as one of the key factor conditions contributing to national competitiveness and economic performance (Porter, 2002). Productivity performance of OECD countries tends to correspond to the skill levels of the workforce in specific countries. Hence, governments increasingly view human capital formation, both quantity and quality of workforce, as one of the key levers in ensuring sustained productivity gains and standard of living. Skill development of the workforce requires major investments beyond formal schooling. It demands ongoing training investment in continued education and workplace training in order to help the workforce keep pace with technological innovations and continued adoption of new technology in the workplace. Private and public partnership in this context dictates both the government and private companies and organizations participate in the training effort. Investment in training requires effective and efficient methods, which in turn calls for sound and robust management tools and standards at the micro (firm) level to ensure continuity and sustained efforts. This article examines two training related standards, “Investors in People” (IIP) and ISO 10015, in order to identify similarities and differences of these two instruments.

Investigating the Role of Regional Economic Integration on Growth: Fresh Insights from South Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 097491012097480
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibrahim Shah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic

Regional economic integration is the key to achieving prosperity and stability. However, intra-regional trade in South Asia accounts for not more than 5%–6% of their total trade. This study aims to examine the role played by regional economic integration in determining the economic growth of South Asian countries over the period 1980–2015. Since shocks in one country may affect another country in the region, this is taken into account in the article by employing methodologies that are robust to cross sectional dependence. Specifically, continuously-updated and bias-corrected (CupBC) of Bai et al. (2009) and Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test (2012) have been employed to estimate long-run coefficients and determine the direction of relationship among the variables, respectively. The findings suggest that economic integration increases economic growth significantly in this region. However, contrary to popular belief, both democracy and human capital are negatively related to economic growth. Bidirectional causality is found between economic integration and democracy, regional integration and human capital, democracy and human capital and, democracy and labor. This study also presents several policy implications for South Asian countries.

scholarly journals The effect of citizenship on the long-term earnings of marginalized immigrants: Quasi-experimental evidence from Switzerland

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. eaay1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Hainmueller ◽  
Dominik Hangartner ◽  
Dalston Ward
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Random Assignment ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Annual Earnings

We provide evidence that citizenship catalyzes the long-term economic integration of immigrants. Despite the relevance of citizenship policy to immigrant integration, we lack a reliable understanding of the economic consequences of acquiring citizenship. To overcome nonrandom selection into naturalization, we exploit the quasi-random assignment of citizenship in Swiss municipalities that held referendums to decide the outcome of individual naturalization applications. Our data combine individual-level referendum results with detailed social security records from the Swiss authorities. This approach allows us to compare the long-term earnings of otherwise similar immigrants who barely won or lost their referendum. We find that winning Swiss citizenship in the referendum increased annual earnings by an average of approximately 5000 U.S. dollars over the subsequent 15 years. This effect is concentrated among more marginalized immigrants.

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