scholarly journals Archaeological Study in Saint Petersburg, Novgorodskaya Street, in 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 485-499
Author(s):  
С. Е. Шуньгина
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Foundation Pit ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Wooden Structure

Исследования на территории ЭС-2 Центральной ТЭЦ филиала «Невский» ПАО «ТГК-1» на Новгородской улице в Санкт-Петербурге проведены в связи с предстоящим строительством водогрейной котельной. Были изучены небольшие участки сохранившегося непотревоженного культурного слоя, фрагмент деревянного сооружения (шурф 3), каменного фундамента (шурф 5), мощение Старорусской улицы и дренажный колодец под ним (шурф 4). В результате на основании исторических данных и полевых работ был выявлен объект археологического наследия «Рождественская часть 1. Участок культурного слоя города Санкт-Петербурга XVIII - начала XX в.». Работы на объекте продолжаются. The excavations on the Novgorodskaya street in St. Petersburg were conducted due to the upcoming construction of a hot water boiler house. Small sections of the preserved, undisturbed cultural layer; a fragment of a wooden structure (pit 3); stone foundation (pit 5); the pavement of Starorusskaya street and a drainage well underneath it (pit 4) were studied. As a result, the object of archaeological heritage “Rozhdestvenskaya site 1. The sector of cultural layer of the 18 - early 20 centuries' city of St. Petersburg” was revealed, based on historical data and fieldwork. Archaeological study on the site continues.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE USAGE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN THE HOT WATER BOILER ROOM STRED I.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Soňa Gažíková
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Dominant Source ◽  
Boiler Room ◽  
Winter Operation

The dominant source of energy in the hot water boiler house Stred I. in Velky Meder is geothermal energy, which is drawn from the VM -1 well, which was drilled in its courtyard in 2015. Based on documents and personal inspections of this boiler room, I created a geothermal circuit scheme of this hot water boiler room, where the experimental measurements took place. Part of this paper is a diagram of the geothermal circuit, a comparison of measured values ​​within a selected characteristic day for summer and winter operation in 2020. Finally, the operation of the usage of geothermal energy in the hot water boiler room Stred I. is evaluated on all these indicators.

The lichens and allied fungi of the Gladyshevskiy Protected Area (Saint Petersburg)

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 291-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Stepanchikova ◽  
D. E. Himelbrant ◽  
L. A. Konoreva
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Habitat Specialists ◽  
First Time ◽  
Biogeographical Province

Gladyshevskiy regional protected area has been investigated at the limits of Saint Petersburg (Russia; biogeographical province Isthmus karelicus). This territory is valuable for Roschinka River ecosystems and natural forest landscapes. The current study is based on lichen data collected by authors within 2005–2013 and on historical herbarium of A. O. Kihlman (collected in 1893, includes 53 species). Altogether 310 species of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and non-lichenized fungi are reported from the protected area, among them historical collections of 20 species that were not found within the area nowadays. Caloplaca albolutescens (Nyl.) H. Olivier is published for the first time for European Russia (excluding Caucasus) and 25 species are new to St. Petersburg. The data on localities, habitat use and substratum use of Arthonia subfuscicola (Linds.) Triebel, Chaenotheca subroscida (Eitner) Zahlbr., Chaenothecopsis viridialba (Kremp.) Alb. Schmidt and Schismatomma pericleum (Ach.) Branth et Rostr. are for the first time provided for St. Petersburg. Altogether 14 indicator species and habitat specialists of biologically valuable forests are known from the area, but seven of them — Chaenotheca subroscida, Chaenothecopsis viridialba, Microcalicium disseminatum (Ach.) Vain., Nephroma parile (Ach.) Ach., N. resupinatum (L.) Ach., Ramalina thrausta (Ach.) Nyl. and Schismatomma pericleum — are known from historical data only and can be considered extinct from St. Petersburg. Also 14 species included in the Red Data Book of St. Petersburg (Prilozhenie…, 2014) are reported from Gladyshevskiy protected area, seven of them still present there: Anaptychia ciliaris (L.) Körb., Bacidia rubella (Hoffm.) A. Massal., Cladonia norvegica Tønsberg et Holien, C. stellaris (Opiz) Pouzar et Vězda, Leptogium teretiusculum (Wallr.) Arnold, Montanelia sorediata (Ach.) Divakar et al. and Umbilicaria polyphylla (L.) Baumg.

Analysis of the ecological and economic efficiency of the boiler modernization project

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
D. Bergen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

The current set of problems in the field of heat power engineering has remained unresolved for many years. Ecological modernization of fixed assets of heat supply enterprises is defined as the main direction of ensuring the activities of regional heat supply systems in this article. The subject of the research is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical issues of the analysis of indicators of the ecological and economic efficiency of the boiler house modernization project. The purpose of the study is to analyze the ecological and economic efficiency of the project for the modernization of boiler houses to replace coal with more environmentally friendly fuels. The study has been carried out using a set of methods: comparative analysis, analysis of structure, financial analysis. The use of solid biofuels makes it possible to reduce the anthropogenic load from heat supply enterprises. The ecological effect consists in the reduction of total emissions into the atmosphere by 69 times or by 321 tons per year of the boiler house on bit fuel compared to a similar boiler house on coal. The economic effect for the boiler house lies in the possibility of saving on fees for the negative impact on the environment, depending on the fuel used. The calculations show that payments for negative impact on the environment have a small share in the cost of steam and hot water production by boiler houses. In this connection, this cannot become a motive for reducing the negative impact. It is necessary to establish standards for the negative impact and waste disposal at a minimum level in order to form a material interest among economic entities in reducing the anthropogenic load on the environment. The author has calculated the environmental and economic indicators of the project for the modernization of regional heat supply systems, based on the transition from using coal as the main fuel. This calculation can become the basis for the state program for the modernization of thermal energy

scholarly journals Compact Solar Combisystem for an Apartment Building

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (-1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alona Bolonina ◽  
Claudio Rochas ◽  
Inese Kibure ◽  
Marika Rosa ◽  
Dagnija Blumberga
Keyword(s):  
Heat Storage ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Heating Load

Compact Solar Combisystem for an Apartment Building The Riga Technical University Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, in cooperation with three Latvian companies, is implementing the project "Compact solar and pellet module" financed by the European Union. Within the framework of this project a combisystem will be installed in the Grandeg Ltd modular pellet boiler house. The solar combisystem will provide domestic hot water and space heating load for an apartment building in Sigulda. Due to the limited amount of space in the modular boiler house, optimal decisions should be made on the technical parameters of the system, including the volume of the heat storage tank and the surface area of solar collectors. Every alternative has both advantages and disadvantages. Economic factors of various alternatives are analyzed.

scholarly journals Pećnjaci iz drvenog objekta podignutoga na ruševinama srednjovjekovnoga burga Vrbovca kod Huma na Sutli

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Tkalčec
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Foundation Pit ◽  
Wooden Structure ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Excellent Source

Archaeological excavations have been carried out over a series of years in the northwestern-most part of the Hrvatsko zagorje region, at Hum na Sutli, at a castle whose medieval name was Vrbovec. Burg was mentioned in rare historical sources in the period from the second half of the 13th century to the second half of the 15th century. The excavations have resulted in data about its earlier beginnings, as well as its lengthier continuation, in fact a subsequent utilization if the medieval position in the early modern period, i.e. in the 16th century. The remains of a wooden structure, probably a tower destroyed by fire, were found at the site, built on the ruins of the medieval castle (Fig. 1). On the basis of the width of the foundation pit for this wooden structure, it can be concluded that this was a building constructed of massive wooden beams or the structure had several levels. The remains of a demolished tile stove were also found. The stove was covered with three types of tiles – tiles with a solid front decorative panel depicting a hunting scene (Fig. 2, Pl. 1/1), tiles with a perforated front panel decorated with architectural motifs (Fig. 3, Pl. 1/2), and simple bowl-shaped ties with a square opening (Fig. 4, Pl. 1/3). The first type of tile represents a copy of the kind of tiles that were found at the Celje castle, where they were dated to the last quarter of the 15th century and the transition from the 15th to the 16th centuries. On the basis of the stratigraphy of the finds, the typology of the stove tiles, and radiocarbon analyses, the tile stove from Vrbovec is dated to the second half of the 16th century. Although there is no specific mention of this in the historical sources, the early modern period horizon of the ruins at the medieval castle of Vrbovec should be tied to the aristocratic Rattkay family. The burg Vrbovec at Klenovec Humski with this discovery has become not merely an archaeological source for the medieval period, but also an excellent source for investigating the early modern period.

scholarly journals NUMISMATIC MATERIALS FROM THE EXCAVATIONS AT THE PETER AND PAUL FORTRESS IN 2017 AND 2019 AND THEIR BEARING ON THE DATING OF THE CULTURAL LAYER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
K. GORLOV ◽  
◽  
V. KILDYUSHEVSKY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Neva River ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Construction Works

A log-and-earth fortress on Zayachy island in the Neva River mouth was erected in 1703 by direction of Peter the Great. The building works took a short period from early May to late August. The construction of the stone fortress started in 1706. In 2017 and 2019, in the course of archaeological excavations carried out by IHMC RAS, a unique cultural layer with remains of the first log-and-earth fortress was discovered on the territory of the Menshikov bastion. Among the most important finds there are 18 coins issued by Peter I, including 14 wire kopecks, three copper quarter-kopeck pieces, and one copper half-kopeck coin. Two more coins with denomination of 1/6 öre were issued by Charles Х of Sweden (fig. 1; table). This numismatic collection is a reliable dating material, allowing to identify the constructions found in the cultural layer as the first log- and-earth fortress of Peter the Great, that became the historical core of Saint Petersburg. Worthy of note is the presence in the collection of a number of coins minted with dies made with the same punches, and the absence of coins minted in 1703. The presence of Swedish coins may be indica- tive of the participation in the construction works of captive Swedish soldiers, who could have lost the coins. At the same time it cannot be excluded that these coins were brought to Zayachy island with earth from Nyenschanz, which was used as a source of building materials.

Power District Heating at Brno, Czechoslovakia

1944 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
W. Kulka
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Pipe Line ◽  
Line Pressure ◽  
Heating Plant

The most effective way to large-scale saving in industrial fuel is the pooling of power and steam consumption. This method, if spread over a wide area, say an industrial town or district, inevitably paves the way to district heating. Ordinary district heating stations, distributing only low-pressure saturated steam or hot water from one central boiler house to consumers in the vicinity, are of but secondary importance when the aim is high overall thermal efficiency in the distribution and consumption of power and heat. Satisfactory economy can only be achieved by installing high-pressure stations and using the pressure drop down to the pipe line pressure for the generation and supply of electric power. Not every community or district is, however, entirely suitable for the establishment of a power-heating plant. The difficulties arise from the geographical position of the industrial areas compared with the location of the mainly residential districts, from the customary times of use of heat and power, and, last but not least, from long-standing habits or traditions in the production and utilization of heat. The power district heating plant built during 1928–30 at Brno, capital of Moravia, Czechoslovakia, is described as an example where considerable difficulties were overcome. Due to its absolute success, the plant subsequently served as a guide in the planning of far larger stations of this kind. The description in the paper embraces the general layout of the plant, followed by details of the boiler house, back-pressure and condensing turbines, piping inside the station, desuperheater, feed arrangement and make-up plant, heat accumulation, and finally the distribution of steam to the consumers. Further, the report gives some important features of the operation, difficulties arising and how they were mastered.

scholarly journals Results of Comprehensive Geophysical Studies on the Search for Crypts on the Territory of Suburban Necropolis of Tauric Chersonese in the Karantinnaya Balka

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Vladimir Glazunov ◽  
Alexey Ageev ◽  
Gleb Gorelik ◽  
Tatyana Sarapulkina
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Electrical Tomography ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Geological Factors ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
First Time

The article presents the results of comprehensive studies carried out by the research team of Saint Petersburg Mining University in cooperation with the specialists from the State Museum-Preserve "Tauric Chersonese" in 2019. The purpose of the work was to discover and map antique and medieval crypts (ancient burial structures) on the territory of suburban necropolis of Tauric Chersonese in the Karantinnaya balka. The complex of geophysical methods included continuous ground penetrating radar sounding at two center frequencies of 350 and 500 MHz and contactless electrical tomography. To minimize spatial errors in the process of studies, topographic and geodetic works were carried out. For the first time wave electromagnetic effects were identified, which indicated the positions of hidden underground crypts. Geological factors were established that are favorable for cutting crypts in the layered thickness of Sarmatian limestones. The obtained results allowed to justify the feasibility of continuing geophysical works at the necropolis in order to study interior space of the discovered crypts and to determine the boundaries of archaeological heritage.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Operating Parameters of the Ground Source Heat Pump

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Filip Bartyzel ◽  
Tomasz Wegiel ◽  
Magdalena Kozień-Woźniak ◽  
Marek Czamara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Characteristic Points

Due to the growing demand for new ecological, low-emission heat sources, there is a need to develop new tools for simulating the operating parameters and costs of the implemented solutions. The article analyses the existing solutions for the simulation of heat pump operation parameters, describes the requirements for a modern building—nZEB and proposes a simulation tool based on thermodynamic parameters of the refrigerant. The script allows for deriving simple linear equations that can be used for the overall simulation of a system in which the heat pump is a key part and the efficiency of the entire system depends on its performance. The developed numerical script allows for reproducing the Linde refrigeration cycle and the parameters of its characteristic points. To calibrate the simulation, historical data obtained from the SOPSAR system were used. These data were pre-cleaned (peaks and other obvious measurement errors were removed). The obtained numerical model in combination with ground and air temperatures, anticipated hot water consumption and energy losses of the building can be used to simulate the annual performance and energy consumption of the heat pump. The obtained linear models have an RSMD error of 8% compared to historical data from SOPSAR system for all sets of simulated temperatures.

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