FREQUENCY OF DISTINCT RESPIRATORY VIRUSES AMONG CHILDREN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN A TROPICAL CITY

Introduction. To control the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the implementation of social and hygienic confinement measures was determined in all countries. These measures reduce the circulation of most respiratory viruses that are transmitted preferentially by air and contact. Material and methods. The impact of these measures on non-Covid respiratory viruses during the period August-December 2020 and 2019 has been comparatively analyzed. To all nasopharyngeal aspirates that were negative against SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and the suspicion of acute respiratory infection persisted, were subjected to a new RT-PCR that simultaneously and differentially amplifies 21 different respiratory viruses. Results. In the year of the pandemic, a 36.6% decrease was detected in the number of respiratory samples studied and 66% in their positivity in relation to 2019. All viruses showed reduction percentages of between 40-100%. The only viruses that circulated during and after national lockdown were rhinovirus (74.1%), adenovirus (10.1%), and enterovirus (9.6%). Conclusion. The measures used to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection have also affected the community circulation of most respiratory viruses including influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.

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Detection and molecular characterization of respiratory viruses that cause acute respiratory infection in the adult population

Gaceta de M�xico ◽

10.24875/gmm.m19000282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 155 (91) ◽

Author(s):

Dylan Lucía Díaz-Chiguer ◽

Rocío Tirado-Mendoza ◽

Adrián Márquez-Navarro ◽

Javier Rolando Ambrosio-Hernández ◽

Ismael Ruiz-Fraga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Adult Population ◽

Respiratory Viruses

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Respiratory Viruses and Atypical Bacteria Co-Infection in Children with Acute Respiratory Infection

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.332 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 1588-1593 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nevine R. El Baroudy ◽

Amira S. El Rifay ◽

Tamer A. Abdel Hamid ◽

Dina M. Hassan ◽

May S. Soliman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Respiratory Viruses ◽

Respiratory Pathogens ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

One Year ◽

Atypical Bacteria

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are one of the prevalent pediatric diseases. Coinfections of respiratory viruses and atypical bacterial respiratory pathogens are common.AIM: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of co-infection between respiratory pathogens including viruses, bacteria and atypical bacteria in a sample of Egyptian children presenting with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection.METHODS: This one-year prospective cohort study conducted in Abo El Rish Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University over one year included children presenting with symptoms of acute respiratory infection. Enrolled children were subjected to nasopharyngeal swabs or throat swabs and then processed to detect viral, bacterial and atypical bacterial causative agents by culture), retrotranscription polymerase, Monoplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Multiplex PCR.RESULTS: Viral etiological agents were detected in 20 cases (20.8%), while 76 patients (79.2%) had no definite viral aetiology. The most abundant virus detected was Rhinovirus in 36 (27.3%), followed by 21 (15.9%) were positive for RSV, 12 (9.1%) were positive for HMPV, 6 (4.5%) were positive for adenovirus and 3 (2.3%) were positive for influenza B. For Atypical bacterial causes Mycoplasma were positive for 9 (6.8%) cases and one case was positive for Bordetella parapertussis. Viral and atypical bacteria Co infection were detected in 14 (10.6%) of cases.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that coinfection with bacteria or atypical bacteria in children with acute respiratory tract infection is common and this co-infection can induce serious illness. The multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction should become an essential tool for epidemiological studies and can fill the gap between clinical presentation and definitive diagnosis.

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Inequality in acute respiratory infection outcomes in the United States: A review of the literature and its implications for public health policy and practice

10.1101/2020.04.22.20069781 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Moran ◽

John Kubale ◽

Grace Noppert ◽

Ryan Malosh ◽

Jon Zelner

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Equal Opportunity ◽

The United States ◽

Respiratory Viruses ◽

Future Research ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Fundamental Cause ◽

Health Policy And Practice ◽

Novel Coronavirus

AbstractSeasonal and pandemic respiratory viruses such as influenza and the novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) currently sweeping the globe have often been described as ‘equal opportunity infectors’, implying little socioeconomic disparity in susceptibility. However, early data from the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored that the burden of respiratory viruses actually reflect and magnify existing socioeconomic inequalities. We review the literature on socioeconomic and racial disparities in acute respiratory infection (ARI), as well as ARI-associated hospitalization and mortality. Our goal is to identify key principles of the relationship between socioeconomic inequality and ARI outcomes, as well as highlighting poorly understood areas that need to be addressed by research and policy in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that there has been descriptive work in this area, but that there is a distinct lack of cohesive methodology in the literature exploring social determinants and ARI. We propose the fundamental cause theory is a useful framework for guiding future research of disparities in ARI and for the design of interventions to alleviate these disparities.

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