Title Role of CPEB3 ribozyme in memory formation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Chen
Keyword(s):  
Memory Formation

Role of MicroRNA Genes miR-1000 and miR-375 in Forming Olfactory Conditional Memory in Drosophila melanogaster

MicroRNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadniman Rahman ◽  
Chaity Modak ◽  
Mousumi Akter ◽  
Mohammad Shamimul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Neural Integration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Locomotion Speed ◽  
Microrna Genes ◽  
With Memory

Background: Learning and memory is basic aspects in neurogenetics as most of the neurological disorders start with dementia or memory loss. Several genes associated with memory formation have been discovered. MicroRNA genes miR-1000 and miR-375 were reported to be associated with neural integration and glucose homeostasis in some insects and vertebrates. However, neuronal function of these genes is yet to be established in D. melanogaster. Objective: Possible role of miR-1000 and miR-375 in learning and memory formation in this fly has been explored in the present study. Methods: Both appetitive and aversive olfactory conditional learning were tested in the miR-1000 and miR-375 knockout (KO) strains and compared with wild one. Five days old third instar larvae were trained by allowing them to be associated with an odor with reward (fructose) or punishment (salt). Then, the larvae were tested to calculate their preferences to the odor trained with. Learning index (LI) values and larval locomotion speed were calculated for all strains. Results: No significant difference was observed for larval locomotion speed in mutant strains. Knockout strain of miR-1000 showed significant deficiency in both appetitive and aversive memory formation whereas miR-375 KO strain showed a significantly lower response only in appetitive one. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate important role played by these two genes in forming short-term memory in D. melanogaster.

Role of gonadal hormones in anxiety and fear memory formation and inhibition in male mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 1168-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmel M. McDermott ◽  
Dana Liu ◽  
Laura A. Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Fear Memory ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Anxiety And Fear

scholarly journals Direct brain recordings reveal prefrontal cortex dynamics of memory development

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. eaat3702 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Johnson ◽  
L. Tang ◽  
Q. Yin ◽  
E. Asano ◽  
N. Ofen
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Scene Perception ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Frontal Activity

Prevailing theories link prefrontal cortex (PFC) maturation to the development of declarative memory. However, the precise spatiotemporal correlates of memory formation in the developing brain are not known. We provide rare intracranial evidence that the spatiotemporal propagation of frontal activity supports memory formation in children. Seventeen subjects (6.2 to 19.4 years) studied visual scenes in preparation for a recognition memory test while undergoing direct cortical monitoring. Earlier PFC activity predicted greater accuracy, and subsecond deviations in activity flow between subregions predicted memory formation. Activity flow between inferior and precentral sites was refined during adolescence, partially explaining gains in memory. In contrast, middle frontal activity predicted memory independent of age. These findings show with subsecond temporal precision that the developing PFC links scene perception and memory formation and underscore the role of the PFC in supporting memory development.

Neuroscience and Symbolic-Experiential Family Therapy: Roots of [Contemporary] Psychotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Roberts ◽  
Michael L. Chafin
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Implicit Learning And Memory ◽  
Spontaneous Interaction ◽  
Contemporary Psychotherapy ◽  
Therapy Model ◽  
Brain Reorganization ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to review the symbolic-experiential family therapy model of Carl Whitaker and apply it specifically to recent neuroscience findings. The article concludes that symbolic-experiential family therapy reflects many of the recent findings in neuroscience including the role of implicit learning and memory formation, the importance of the relationship between the couple or family and the therapist, increasing stress and anxiety in order to facilitate change, which activates the right brain, and unstructured and spontaneous interaction, which promotes brain reorganization.

scholarly journals The Role of the Entorhinal Cortex in Extinction: Influences of Aging

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia R. M. Bevilaqua ◽  
Janine I. Rossato ◽  
Juliana S. Bonini ◽  
Jociane C. Myskiw ◽  
Julia R. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Amyloid Plaques ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Amygdaloid Nucleus ◽  
Dependent Protein Kinase ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Glutamate Nmda Receptors ◽  
The Brain

The entorhinal cortex is perhaps the area of the brain in which neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques are first detectable in old age with or without mild cognitive impairment, and very particularly in Alzheimer's disease. It plays a key role in memory formation, retrieval, and extinction, as part of circuits that include the hippocampus, the amygdaloid nucleus, and several regions of the neocortex, in particular of the prefrontal cortex. Lesions or biochemical impairments of the entorhinal cortex hinder extinction. Microinfusion experiments have shown that glutamate NMDA receptors, calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, and protein synthesis in the entorhinal cortex are involved in and required for extinction. Aging also hinders extinction; it is possible that its effect may be in part mediated by the entorhinal cortex.

scholarly journals An Emerging Role of m6A in Memory: A Case for Translational Priming

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7447
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Leonetti ◽  
Ming Yin Chu ◽  
Fiona O. Ramnaraign ◽  
Samuel Holm ◽  
Brandon J. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Neuron Development ◽  
Neuronal Functions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fine Tune

Investigation into the role of methylation of the adenosine base (m6A) of RNA has only recently begun, but it quickly became apparent that m6A is able to control and fine-tune many aspects of mRNA, from splicing to translation. The ability of m6A to regulate translation distally, away from traditional sites near the nucleus, quickly caught the eye of neuroscientists because of implications for selective protein translation at synapses. Work in the brain has demonstrated how m6A is functionally required for many neuronal functions, but two in particular are covered at length here: The role of m6A in 1) neuron development; and 2) memory formation. The purpose of this review is not to cover all data about m6A in the brain. Instead, this review will focus on connecting mechanisms of m6A function in neuron development, with m6A’s known function in memory formation. We will introduce the concept of “translational priming” and discuss how current data fit into this model, then speculate how m6A-mediated translational priming during memory consolidation can regulate learning and memory locally at the synapse.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E Antibodies Affect the Retention of Passive Avoidance Memory in the Chick

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Lancashire ◽  
Radmila Mileusnic ◽  
Steven P.R. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Brain Distribution ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Avoidance Memory

Isoforms of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) have been implicated as risk factors in Alzheimer’s disease. We have, therefore, examined the possible role of ApoE in memory formation, using a one-trial passive avoidance task in day-old chicks. Birds were trained on the task and then at various times pre or post-training were injected intracerebrally with anti-ApoE. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated the presence of the antibody bound to the neuropil, close to the injection site and adjacent to the ventricle, with a residence time in the brain of up to 30 min. Chicks that were injected 30 min pre-training or just post-training with 5μg/ hemisphere of the antibody learned the task, but were amnesic when tested at 30 min or at subsequent times up to 24 hr Post-training. When tested at 24 hr, birds injected 5.5 hr post-training showed unimpaired retention. Birds injected with 5μg/hemisphere of anti-ApoA-I (which has a brain distribution similar to that of anti-ApoE) at 30 min pretraining showed no amnesia, indicating the specificity of the effect to the ApoE. Possible mechanisms for this effect are discussed.

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