OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF CONCENTRATION OF THE EXTRACTS FROM FRUIT AND BERRY RAW MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.Н. КРАВЧЕНКО ◽  
Д.М. ПОПОВ ◽  
А.О. РЕНЗЯЕВ ◽  
Е.С. МИЛЛЕР
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Horizontal Type ◽  
Active Substances

В настоящее время в производстве функциональных продуктов широко применяют концентрированные экстракты из плодовоягодного сырья, содержащие значительное количество биологически активных веществ и обладающие лечебными и профилактическими свойствами. Для получения конкурентоспособных продуктов высокого качества необходимо учитывать влияние множества факторов на процесс концентрирования экстрактов. Объектами настоящего исследования были вакуумный роторнопленочный испаритель горизонтального типа и экстракты из высушенных ягод черники, выработанные с использованием растворителей: воды, 30го водноспиртового раствора (СР30), 60го водноспиртового раствора (СР60), этанола и ультрафильтрата творожной сыворотки (УТС). Начальное содержание сухих растворимых веществ в экстракте составляло, масс.: водном 4,5 СР30 5,0 СР60 4,2 этанольном 3,5 УТС 9,6. Изучены параметры работы роторнопленочного испарителя: высота уровня перерабатываемой жидкости в аппарате, угловая скорость ротора, расход исходного продукта на коэффициент концентрирования, массовая доля сухих веществ, сохранность витамина С в экстракте. Определены рациональные режимы работы роторнопленочного испарителя: GH 2,64 кг/ч омега 0,8 с1 Н 0,11 м. Средний коэффициент теплопередачи К составил 962 Вт/(м2 К) потери витамина С не превысили 8,0. Установлены физикохимические показатели качества концентрированных экстрактов при рациональных параметрах процесса концентрирования: массовая доля сухих растворимых веществ 56,258,7 углеводов 39,942,8 органических кислот (в пересчете на яблочную кислоту) 4,15,2 дубильных веществ 2,43,1 бетакаротина 0,62,7 мг/100 г витамина С 80,7102,1 мг/100 г биофлавоноидов (по рутину) 40564729 мг/100 г. Полученные концентраты обладают выраженным приятным гармоничным вкусом, свойственным сырью, и не имеют уваренных тонов, что обеспечивает их широкое применение в производстве пищевых продуктов. Currently, in the production of functional products are widely used concentrated extracts from fruit and berry raw materials containing in its composition a significant amount of biologically active substances and having therapeutic and preventive properties. In order to obtain competitive products of high quality, it is necessary to take into account the influence of many factors on the process of concentration of extracts. The objects of this study were a vacuum rotary film evaporator of horizontal type and extracts from dried blueberries. Extractants selected: curd whey ultrafiltrate water, ethanol and their solutions. The content of dry soluble and biologically active substances in the extracts was determined by standard methods. It was established that the highest yield of 9293 of vitamin C is achieved when using as an extractant curd whey ultrafiltrate, bioflavonoids and tannins 30 and 60 aqueousalcoholic solution, respectively. The initial content of dry soluble substances in the extract was, mass.: water 4,5 30 aqueousalcoholic solution 5,0 60 aqueousalcoholic solution 4,2 ethanol 3,5 curd whey ultrafiltrate 9,6. The influence of the parameters of the rotorfilm evaporator: the height of the level of the processed liquid in the apparatus, the angular velocity of the rotor, the consumption of the initial product on the concentration coefficient, the mass fraction of solids, the preservation of vitamin C in the extract. The rational parameters of the extraction process were determined: GH 2,64 kg/h omega 0,8 s1 H 0,11 m the heat transfer coefficient in this case was 962 W/(m2 K), the yield of dry soluble and the amount of biologically active substances is close to the maximum, in particular, the loss of vitamin C did not exceed 8,0. The physical and chemical indicators of quality concentrated extracts of the rational process parameters concentration: mass fraction of soluble solids of 56,258,7 carbohydrates and 39,942,8 organic acids (in terms of malic acid) 4,15,2 tannins 2,43,1 betacarotene of 0,62,7 mg/100 g vitamin C 80,7 totaled 102,1 mg/100 g of bioflavonoids (for routine) 40564729 mg/100 g. The obtained concentrates have a pronounced pleasant, harmonious taste, characteristic of raw materials and boiled tones do not have, this provides them with wide application in the production of food products.

Optimization of Technological Modes of Extraction of Tea Raw Material Used in Emulsion Beverages Technology

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Regina Shchekaleva ◽  
Elena Cherevach ◽  
Marina Palagina ◽  
Elena Tarashkevich
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Active Substances

The article observes the technological modes optimization of tea raw materials extraction (black tea and hibiscus tea beverage) used in the technology of emulsion drinks as natural food additives (dyes, flavorings, surfactants) and sources of valuable biologically active substances. The researchers studied the mass fraction dependence of soluble solids and vitamin C in tea extracts on the determining factors (hydromodule, duration and temperature) that affect the extraction kinetics of the biologically active substances using mathematical modeling. Based on the experiment results processing, a man obtained second-degree polynomial equations that adequately described the mathematical dependence of the mass fraction of soluble dry extract substances on the hydromodule and the extraction time. The researchers experimentally determined the optimal extraction parameters: time – 15 and 20 minutes; temperature – 70 and 60 °C for black tea and hibiscus drink, respectively; hydromodule – 1:5. The mass fraction of the functional ingredient (vitamin C) under the specified modes was from 84.6 to 189.2 mg/%. The researchers run the commodity quality evaluation of tea extracts obtained according to the developed parameters. On organoleptic and safety indicators tea extracts met the requirements of the current normative documentation.

scholarly journals The use of ultrasonic extraction in the technology of functional drinks based on plant raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012114
Author(s):  
M V Manukovskaya ◽  
I P Shchetilina ◽  
Y N Pisklyukova ◽  
E A Klimova ◽  
M I Korystin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract The development of targeted drinks is a priority in the field of healthy eating. For their production, plant raw materials are actively used, containing a wide variety of biologically active substances. The presence of these ingredients helps to improve many physiological processes in the body, as well as to increase its immune status. Numerous studies have confirmed the high efficiency of ultrasonic effects on various technological processes. Ultrasonic extraction was carried out at t = 20 °C and an ultrasonic wave frequency of 22 kHz. As a result of research, it was found that with ultrasound exposure, an equilibrium state is achieved within 15 minutes. In order to develop new recipes for drinks, natural raw materials, their chemical composition and the effects on the human body have been studied. The selected ingredients in a certain quantitative ratio made it possible to obtain drinks with improved bio-corrective properties, which allows satisfying the daily requirement of the human body for biologically active substances. Ultrasonic exposure has a positive effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the drink and the aftertaste, as evidenced by the comparative organoleptic evaluation of the samples. The functional properties of the developed drinks have been confirmed experimentally. In the drinks, the following were determined: the content of macronutrients, antioxidant activity, the content of vitamin C, the duration of the shelf life. The use of the method of ultrasonic extraction in the technology of preparing drinks allows one: to reduce the preparation time by half, to reduce the amount of raw materials by 15 %, to increase the content of macronutrients by 45 %, to increase the content of vitamin C by 35 %, to increase the antioxidant activity by 45-50 %, increase stability during storage by 50 – 60 %, increase organoleptic characteristics. The results obtained prove the intensifying effect of ultrasonic exposure in the production of functional drinks.

scholarly journals Modern research on the extraction of biologically active substances from plant raw materials using enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
A. A. Fabritskaya ◽  
S. O. Semenikhin ◽  
V. O. Gorodetsky ◽  
N. I. Kotlyarevskaya ◽  
E. P. Victorova
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Active Substances

The article overviews modern studies of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes. Extraction of biologically active substances using enzymes allows for controlled biotransformation of plant materials due to the precise specificity and selectivity of enzymes, which creates mild conditions that ensure the preservation of biologically active substances. It has been noted that the quality of the extractant used has a significant effect on the efficiency of the extraction process. Thus, raw materials treated with a combination of an electrolyte and an enzyme are extracted more efficiently by reducing the mass transfer barrier. The main advantage of using supercritical fluids as an extractant is a decrease in temperature or pressure that leads to the precipitation of the extractable substance. One of the main disadvantages of the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes is their high cost. To eliminate this disadvantage, the following intensification methods are used: ultrasonic treatment, high pressure treatment and microwave treat- ment. The most promising methods for intensifying the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes are methods of ultrasonic and microwave treatment. Ultrasonic treatment under optimal conditions allows increasing the activity of enzymes, and microwave treatment provides more efficient penetration of the extractant into the tissues of plant material, due to the destruction of cell walls.

scholarly journals Optimal parameters and modes of extraction of biologically active substances from natural fruit and berry raw materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Elena Mironova ◽  
Elena Romanenko ◽  
Olga Sycheva ◽  
Maria Selivanova ◽  
Natalia Esaulko
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Functional Beverages ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Vegetable raw materials serve as a source of a large number of organic compounds of various structures with a variety of preventive and curative nutritional properties. The article presents the results of a study on the establishment of parameters and modes of extraction of biologically active substances from fruit and berry raw materials in order to obtain extracts for the preparation of functional beverages. The work was carried out on the basis of the educational and scientific laboratory of technology of winemaking and food from vegetable raw materials of the Stavropol State Agrarian University according to generally accepted methods in accordance with GOST (State standards). When preparing the extracts, water treatment of the crushed mass of feijoa and blackberries was used. The extraction process was controlled by changing the mass fraction of dry substances. As a result of the research, the optimal conditions for the process of extracting dry substances from feijoa and blackberries were established: hydromodule – 1:1, the duration of the process – 24 hours; the extraction temperature is 25 degrees C. Such conditions of the process provided the greatest extraction of dry substances without destroying the functional ingredients, allowed the extraction to be carried out within a short period of time and reduced the cost of temperature treatment of the medium. The paper presents the results of tasting evaluation of the obtained extracts.

CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF PASTA WITH POWDER FROM MARIGOLD INFLORESCENCES (TAGETES L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
SHAPOVALOVA Nataliia ◽  
VEZHLIVTSEVA Svitlana ◽  
ANTIUSHKO Dmytro
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Background. The deficiency of essential nutrients in the human body is the root cause of reduced efficiency, general resistance of the body to various diseases. That is an urgent problem in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. In this regard, the search for opportunities to meet the needs of the population in food products that contain biologically active substances (BAS) through the use of high-value and at the same time available plant raw materials is extremely important. Marigolds attract special attention among such raw materials. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and evaluate the consumer properties of Tagetes L. varieties, zoned in the Kiev region, to prove the possibility of increasing the biological value of pasta by adding to their recipe powder from marigold inflorescences. Materials and methods. The object of research is pasta of B group (noodles). Inflorescences of marigolds of different varieties gathered during the flowering period in July-September 2019–2020 in the territory of Vasylkiv and Obukhiv districts of Kyiv region, Ukraine were used as enriching plant raw materials. The quality of finished pasta was assessed by organoleptic and physicochemical indexes (moisture content and titratable acidity). The content of mineral elements in the fine powder of marigold inflorescences was determined on the EXHERT-3L device, the quantitative composition and BAS identification – by spectrophotometric analysis on the device Specord-200 Analytic Jena UV-vis. The integrated quality index of pasta products was calculated taking into account the importance factors of individual indexes. Results. Comparing the obtained results, we can state that all the studied varieties – Gold Kopfen, Orange Flame, Hawaii, Equinox are characterized by high biological value, regardless of the area of collection. As a result of calculated and experimental studies it was determined that the addition of 7 % of the supplement does not provide the required supply of vitamins and minerals. Replacing the flour in the recipe by 20 % significantly improves the mineral composition, but deteriorates the taste and aromatic properties of pasta. The most optimal and rational amount of added additive is 15 %, as it improves the organoleptic properties of pasta and enriches their BAS. Conclusion. The usage of non-traditional vegetable raw materials, in particular powder from marigold inflorescences, which is rich in biologically active substances, allows not only to expand the range, improve the quality of finished products, but also increase the biological value of the product. The optimal amount of additive –powder from marigold inflorescences, was defined. It is 15 % by weight of flour in the production of noodles. This concentration allows not only to improve the organoleptic properties, but also to increase the content of biologically active substances – vitamins, micro- and macronutrients. The usage of non-traditional natural raw materials (powder from marigold inflorescences) allows to abandon artificial colorsand give the finished pasta a pleasant colorand aroma.

scholarly journals Study on domestic market of medicinal products of plant origin

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
V. M. Minarchenko ◽  
A. Yu. Butko
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Natural Resource Base ◽  
Active Substances

The popularity of herbal remedies and medicines, with the participation of biologically active substances from plants is traditionally high. The annual increase of the domestic market for herbal remedies is due to the preservation and modernization of production capacities for processing of medicinal vegetative raw materials in Ukraine, introduction of modern scientific developments, a large natural resource base of medicinal plants and attracting investments in the development of this industry. The aim of our work was the study of the domestic market of medicines of plant origin, which includes herbal remedies, substances and preparations with the participation of biologically active substances from plants. The object of the study was domestic medicines of plant origin that are registered in Ukraine for 2012–2017. The study used the analytical, statistical methods, and the results of its own resource studies of medicinal plants. Phytopharmaceutical market of Ukraine is actively developing due to the attraction of new types of medicinal plants and expanding the range of medicines. The number of domestic drugs with the participation of biologically active substances from plants has increased by 17.4% compared with 2014. It is established that as of 1 January 2017 in Ukraine was 1 141 the form of medicinal drugs of plant origin. Of them: 645 – domestic products, 496 – foreign. Most of the herbal drugs in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine are made from wild and cultivated domestic raw materials.

scholarly journals Development of beverage recipes with specified bio-corrective properties based on plant raw materials with the ultrasonic extraction method

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
M. V. Manukovskaya ◽  
I. P. Shchetilina ◽  
A. G. Kudryakova ◽  
S. R. Kozlova ◽  
A. O. Torosyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Active Substances

The development of targeted beverages is a priority for healthy eating. Plant raw materials containing a wide variety of biologically active substances are used for their production. The presence of these ingredients helps to improve many physiological processes in the body, as well as to increase its immune status. The high efficiency of ultrasonic effects on various technological processes was confirmed by numerous studies. Ultrasonic extraction was carried out at t = 20 ? and an ultrasonic wave frequency of 22 kHz. As a result of the research, it was found that the equilibrium state is achieved within 15 minutes with ultrasound exposure. Natural raw materials, their chemical composition and the influence on the human body were studied in the work to develop new beverages recipes. The selected ingredients in a certain quantitative ratio made it possible to obtain beverages with improved bio-corrective properties, which allows satisfying the daily requirement of the human body for biologically active substances. Ultrasonic exposure has a positive effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the beverage and the aftertaste, as proved by the comparative organoleptic evaluation of the samples. The functional properties of the beverages developed were confirmed experimentally. The following was determined in the beverages: macronutrients content, antioxidant activity, vitamin C content, shelf life duration. The ultrasonic extraction method application in the technology of beverages manufacturing allows: to reduce the preparation time by half, to reduce the amount of raw materials by 15%, to increase the content of macronutrients by 45%, to increase the content of vitamin C by 35%, to increase the antioxidant activity by 45-50%, to increase storage stability by 50-60%, to improve organoleptic characteristics. The results obtained prove the intensifying effect of ultrasonic exposure in the production of functional beverages.

scholarly journals Biologically active substances from Achillea nobilis L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
А.S. Kishkentayeva ◽  
◽  
S.N. Mantler ◽  
М.М. Zhakanov ◽  
S.М. Adekenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

The review summarizes data on biologically active compounds of Achillea nobilis L. and methods of their isolation. From Achillea nobilis L., collected in different places of growth, the following have been isolated: essential oil, the main components of which are monoterpene compounds; sesquiterpene lactones estafiatin, hanphyllin, anobin, chrysartemine A, canin, anolide and tanapartin-β-peroxide; the steroid acetyleucanbin; flavonoids: 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4’-tetramethoxyflavone and 5,3’-di-hydroxy-3,6,7,4’-tetramethoxyflavone. It has been determined that the component composition of the essen-tial oil of Achillea nobilis L. largely depends on the soil and climatic factors in the places of its growth, the phase of the growing season and the method of its extraction from plant raw materials, and the extractant used (chloroform, ethanol, hot water, diethyl ether). Antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiparasitic activi-ties are characteristic both for the sums of extractive substances from Achillea nobilis L. and for individual compounds isolated from them. Methods for the isolation of biologically active substances from Achillea nobilis L. for the development of new drug substances are described. The main aim of this work was a com-parative analysis of the available research results on the phytochemical study of Achillea nobilis L.

BACKGROUND CONTENT OF TECHNOGENIC AND NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN DETOXIFYING AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
G.А. Zhorov ◽  
◽  
L.L. Zakharova ◽  
V.N. Obryvin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Active Substances

For correctly assess the effectiveness and safety of the use of sorption-detoxifying agents and feed additives intended for animals receiving feed with an excess content of toxicants, it is necessary to take into account the background levels of radionuclides, toxic elements, pesticides and other technogenic and natural pollutants in the studied substances. The need for such studies is due both to the existence of areas with a naturally elevated level of natural toxicants in the sources of raw materials for the production of additives and drugs, and to the increasing anthropogenic influence, accompanied by the entry of xenobiotics into environmental objects. In series of radiometric studies, the specific activity of technogenic and natural radioactive isotopes (90Sr, 137Cs, 40К, 226Ra, 232Th) in a number of sorption-detoxifying and biologically active substances and preparations used in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine as part of feed additives and pharmacological agents was determined. It was found that in 43% of the studied samples, the level of specific activity of 1,1Sr in 3-90 times higher than allowed by the current standards. The maximum level of 90Sr, equal to (137±9) Bq/kg, was detected in perlite. The specific activity of 137Cs did not exceed the permissible level: in mineral sorbents its amount reached (40±7) Bq/kg, in organic and complex sorbents – (24±4), and in feed additives – (29±8) Bq/kg. The maximum levels of 40K were (1429±83) Bq/ kg in minerals (radionite) and (2613±100) Bq/kg in organic substances (lignohumate). The levels of 226Ra and 232Th did not exceed (153±13) and (79±13) Bq/kg, respectively, and were higher in the mineral samples.

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