ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF THE KINETICS OF THE EXTRACTION OF VEGETABLE OILS ON THE TURNS OF OIL-PRESSING UNITS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ГУКАСЯН ◽  
Д.А. ШИЛЬКО
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Bearing Material ◽  
Output Device ◽  
Layered Flow ◽  
Kinetics Of

Используемые в промышленности форпрессы для предварительного съема масла и экспеллеры для окончательного отжима различаются геометрией витков шнекового вала. В настоящее время наметилась тенденция к объединению этих аппаратов в единый маслоотжимной агрегат на основе геометрии наборов витков форпресса и экспеллера или двух совращающихся шнековых валов, позволяющих значительно увеличить продолжительность процесса за счет увеличения длины шнековых каналов. Предложено аналитическое решение математической модели распределения потока и гидростатического давления масличного материала в процессе отжима растительного масла непрерывным способом в канале витка шнекового пресса. Показана возможность математического моделирования этого процесса на основе двумерной модели слоистого течения неньютоновской жидкости с учетом геометрии витков шнекового вала и скорости его вращения, позволяющая рассмотреть этот процесс для современных маслоотжимных агрегатов на основе геометрии наборов витков форпресса и экспеллера или двух совращающихся шнековых валов. Получена оценка пропускной способности канала с учетом сопротивлений выходного устройства, а также аналитическое решение распределения потока и гидростатического давления масличного материала в процессе отжима растительного масла. Used in the industry the pre-oil extraction pre-presses and the expellers for the final spin differ in the geometry of the screw shaft turns. Currently, there is a tendency to combine these devices into a single oil-pumping unit based on the geometry of the sets of turns of the forpress and expeller or two rotating screw shafts, which can significantly increase the duration of the process by increasing the length of the screw channels. An analytical solution is proposed for a mathematical model of the distribution of flow and hydrostatic pressure of oil-bearing material in the process of pressing vegetable oil in a continuous way in the channel of the screw press. The possibility of mathematical modeling of this on the basis of a two-dimensional model of a layered flow of a non-newtonian fluid, taking into account the geometry of the turns of the screw shaft and the speed of its rotation, is shown, which makes it possible to consider this process from a single point of view of using modern oil-extracting units, both on the basis of the geometry of sets of turns of the forpress and expeller, and two screw shafts. As a result of the conducted studies, an estimate of the channel capacity was obtained, taking into account the resistances of the output device, as well as an analytical solution for the distribution of the flow of oilseed material and the hydrostatic pressure of the oilseed material during the extraction of vegetable oil.

MODEL OF THE KINETICS OF EXTRACTION DURING THE EXTRUSION OF OILSEED MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ГУКАСЯН ◽  
В.К. СОШНИКОВ ◽  
Е.А. МИХАЙЛОВ ◽  
А.В. ЯВОРСКАЯ
Keyword(s):  
Porous Material ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Screw Channel ◽  
The Press ◽  
Layered Flow ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Linear Nature

Описана динамика выделения растительного масла из пористого материала в процессе его ламинарного слоистого течения, вызванного движущимися с заданной постоянной скоростью стенками канала шнека и неподвижной крышкой. Получена адекватная модель кинетики отжима в зеерной камере пресса, позволяющая прогнозировать работу витков маслоотжимных агрегатов по пропускной способности каналов, образованных витками шнека и выпускного устройства. Установлено, что динамика отжима масла из масличного материала определяется уменьшением потока материала по длине винтовой линии. Практически линейный характер изменения давления в зеерной камере показывает отсутствие гидравлических потерь в процессе отжима. The dynamics of the release of vegetable oil from a porous material during its laminar layered flow caused by moving at a given constant speed the walls of the screw channel and the fixed cover is described. An adequate model of the spin kinetics in the zeer chamber of the press, which allows to predict the work of the turns of the oil extraction units by the capacity of the channels formed by the turns of the screw and the exhaust device, is made. It is established that the dynamics of oil extraction from the oil material is determined by a decrease in the flow of the material along the length of the helix. The almost linear nature of the pressure change in the zeer chamber shows the absence of hydraulic losses during the extraction.

Kinetics of Batch Anaerobic Digestion of Vegetable Oil Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinenyenwa Nweke ◽  
◽  
Philomena Igbokwe ◽  
Joseph Nwabanne ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Oil Wastewater

Kinetics of oxidation of ammonia on cobalt catalyst I model of the reactor with catalytically active wall

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2087-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohumil Bernauer ◽  
Antonín Šimeček ◽  
Jan Vosolsobě
Keyword(s):  
Parabolic Equations ◽  
Cobalt Catalyst ◽  
Nonlinear Parabolic Equations ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Kinetics Of Oxidation ◽  
Nonlinear Parabolic ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Kinetics Of

A two dimensional model of a tabular reactor with the catalytically active wall has been proposed in which several exothermic catalytic reactions take place. The derived dimensionless equations enable evaluation of concentration and temperature profiles on the surface of the active component. The resulting nonlinear parabolic equations have been solved by the method of orthogonal collocations.

An Interpretation on Kinetics of Martensitic Transformation

2011 ◽  
Vol 172-174 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Kakeshita ◽  
Takashi Fukuda ◽  
Yong-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Martensitic Transformations ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Isothermal Process ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Transformation Processes

We have investigated athermal and isothermal martensitic transformations (typical displacive transformations) in Fe–Ni, Fe–Ni–Cr, and Ni-Co-Mn-In alloys under magnetic fields and hydrostatic pressures in order to understand the time-dependent nature of martensitic transformation, that is, the kinetics of martensitic transformation. We have confirmed that the two transformation processes are closely related to each other, that is, the athermal process changes to the isothermal process and the isothermal process changes to the athermal one under a hydrostatic pressure or a magnetic field. These findings can be explained by the phenomenological theory, which gives a unified explanation for the two transformation processes previously proposed by our group.

scholarly journals Conditions for the physical realizability of a typical component z(y)-matrix of a matching quadrupole of a general form in a concentrated elemental basis

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Gennady Devyatkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Half Plane ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Signal Source ◽  
Left Half ◽  
Left Half Plane ◽  
Broadband Matching ◽  
Typical Component ◽  
Physical Realizability

When solving problems of broadband matching, very often there is a need for a certain form of the amplitude-frequency characteristic. In connection with this, the problem comes up of synthesizing broadband matching devices that simultaneously have correcting properties, i.e. having a given frequency dependence of the power conversion coefficient in the operating frequency band. The use of broadband reactive matching - correcting circuits in most practical cases is difficult because of the reflected power. This leads to the problem of the synthesis of broadband matching-correcting circuits with arbitrary immittances of the signal source and load in an elemental basis of a general form, containing along with reactive and active elements, which has not been adequately solved. Therefore, it becomes necessary to find the conditions for the physical realizability of a typical component of the immitance matrix of a two-port network of general form containing poles in the left half-plane of complex frequencies. In this paper the necessary and sufficient conditions are defined for the physical realizability of the immitance matrix of a typical component of a subclass of two-terminal networks of general form in a lumped elemental electric basis, when the poles of the Eigen functions in the Foster representation can be in the left half-plane of complex frequencies, excluding the imaginary and real axes. This allows to synthesis of broadband dissipative matching, matching-correcting circuits and matched attenuators in an elemental basis of a general form with arbitrary immitances of the signal source and load from a single point of view.

scholarly journals Graffiti as a sign: the semiotic approach to the study of the phenomenon

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Maria Chikarkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Street Art ◽  
The Media ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Characteristics

Although graffiti is a well-known phenomenon of street art, there is still no single point of view on this phenomenon (even if it is considered art at all). Both the essence and the manifestations of graffiti remain a matter of debate - there are dozens of different classifications, that they are based on different characteristics. However, the phenomenon has rarely attracted attention from the point of view of semiotics, though it is the semiotic reading of graffiti that makes it possible to understand its nature more deeply. Due to semiotics we could create an integrative classification, which would combine stylistics and subject matter into one system. The article made exactly such an attempt –providing of the semiotic classification of graffiti, based on Ch. Peirce’s classification of semiotic signs. Graffiti is a sign, because it has a material shell of the latter, a marked object and rules of interpretation. It functions within the subculture and signifies the individual's desire to escape from the deterministic nature of urban life (J. Baudrillard). It is a culture of the semiosphere, which continuously gives rise to new connotations and, accordingly, generates new receptions. An important component of graffiti interpretation is the cultural code; it is not read outside the field of conventionality, cultural context. Decoding of graffiti can occur in three ways. From our point of view, it is appropriate to use S. Hall’sclassification. He suggested a scheme for "decrypting" messages in the media, however, in our opinion, his scheme works for any communicative act (including graffiti). He distinguished dominant ("dominant-hegemonic"), oppositional ("oppositional") and negotiated ("negotiated") decoding. In the graffiti situation, oppositional decoding prevails among ordinary recipients (passers-by). U. Eco called this type aberrant, because it provides "decryption" of text with a different code than the one it was created for. Authors of graffiti themselves are often not fully aware of what they createalso. Modern writers use techniques of op-art, Dadaism, surrealism, etc., without being very oriented in all these directions. When graffiti combines different types of art (for example, the combination of painting with literature), it takes into account the features of inter-semiotic translation, which makes the decoding situation even more complicated. We offercreating a semioticclassificationofgraffiti, that might be based on Ch. Peirce’s classification of semiotic signs, whichdistinguishthesigns-copies, signs-indexes, signs-symbols. It could help the essence of graffiti and decode them.

scholarly journals Study of the Moisture Bond Forms in Cheeses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 11054-11065
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Binding Energy ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Kinetics Of

The article is devoted to the study of the forms of moisture bond in mature cheeses. The kinetics of mass transfer processes depend on the mobility and binding energy of water with solid and dissolved substances. Therefore, the removal of bound water is accompanied by deterioration in kinetics and increased energy consumption. In this regard, information on the state of bound water in substances during dehydration is very important from a scientific point of view and from a practical one. Based on the studies carried out, the forms of moisture bond in various types of cheese were determined by strain-gauge and thermographic methods. Based on this, it has been established that the forms of moisture bond in cheeses can be determined by strain-gauge and thermographic methods.

scholarly journals Metode dan Pendekatan dalam Studi Islam: Pembacaan atas Pemikiran Charles J. Adams

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Luluk Fikri Zuhriyah
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interesting Object ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Oriental Studies

<p>Islam has been an interesting object of study for both Muslims and non-Muslims over a long period of time. A number of methods and approaches have also been introduced. In due time, Islam is now no longer understood solely as a doctrine or a set of belief system. Nor is it interpreted merely as an historical process. Islam is a social system comprising of a complex web of human experience. Islam does not only consist of formal codes that individuals should look at and obey. It also contains some cultural, political and economic values. Islam is a civilization. Given the complex nature of Islam it is no longer possible to deal with it from a single point of view. An inter-disciplinary perspective is required.</p><p>In the West, social and humanities sciences have long been introduced in the study of religion; studies that put a stronger emphasis on what we currently know as the history of religion, psychology of religion, sociology of religion and so on. This kind of approach in turn, is also applied in the Western studies of the Eastern religions and communities.</p><p>Islam as a religion is also dealt with in this way in the West. It is treated as part of the oriental culture to the extent that—as Muhammad Abdul Raouf has correctly argued—Islamic studies became identical to the oriental studies. By all means, the West preceded the Muslims in studying Islam from modern perspectives; perspective that puts more emphasis on social, cultural, behavioral, political and economic aspects. Among the Western scholars that approach Islam from this angle is Charles Joseph Adams whose thought this research is interested to explore.</p>

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