INFLUENCE OF BIOCHEMICAL INDICES ON MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION OF APPLES OF SUMMER AND WINTER VARIETIES DISTRICTED IN KRASNODAR REGION DURING STORAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.В. БАБАКИНА ◽  
С.М. ГОРЛОВ ◽  
А.А. ТЯГУЩЕВА ◽  
Е.А. ОЛЕФИР ◽  
П.И. КУДИНОВ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Direct Dependence ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
High Degree

Определено влияние биохимического состава яблок летних – Алые Паруса, Пирос и зимних – Гренни Смит, Озарк Голд сортов на формирование процесса заражаемости плодов патогенной микрофлорой при хранении при температуре (4 ± 1)°С в течение 30 дней. Исследуемые образцы плодов поступили из АО «Сад-Гигант» (Краснодарский край) в 2019 году. Установлено, что между характером химических превращений и лежкостью, а также степенью устойчивости плодов к микробиальным патогенам имеется определенная зависимость. Величина коэффициента корреляции (КК) зависит от сорта. Высокая степень обратной зависимости между количеством мезофильных аэробных и факультативно-анаэробных микроорганизмов, плесневых грибов и содержанием сухих растворимых веществ и полифенольных соединений установлена для яблок сорта Алые Паруса, КК –1,000 и –0,952 соответственно. Для сорта Гренни Смит установлены высокая степень прямой зависимости количества плесневых грибов от содержания клетчатки (1,000) и пектина (0,756) и высокая степень обратной зависимости от содержания полифенольных веществ (–0,995). Для сорта Пирос установлены: высокая степень обратной зависимости между количеством МАФАнМ и содержанием клетчатки (–0,094) и сухих растворимых веществ (–0,203); прямой зависимости количества плесневых грибов от содержания витамина С, сахаров и пектина: 0,971; 0,927 и 0,747 соответственно. В яблоках сорта Озарк Голд высокая степень обратной зависимости установлена между количеством МАФАнМ и содержанием клетчатки, сухих растворимых веществ, пектина: –0,994; –0,595; –0,665 соответственно. У данного сорта также установлена высокая степень обратной зависимости количества плесневых грибов на поверхности от содержания клетчатки (–0,994) и полифенольных соединений (–0,754). Полученные данные могут быть использованы для разработки технологий хранения яблок, основанных на прогнозировании лежкоспособности в зависимости от биохимических показателей. The influence of the biochemical composition of summer apples – Scarlet Sails, Piros and winter apples – Granny Smith, Ozark Gold varieties on the formation of the process of infestation of fruits with pathogenic microflora when stored at a temperature of (4 ± 1)°C within 30 days. The studied fruit samples were received from JSC “Sad-Gigant” (Krasnodar region) in 2019. It is established that there is a certain relationship between the nature of chemical transformations and the keeping quality, as well as the degree of resistance of fruits to microbial pathogens. The value of the correlation coefficient (CC) depends on the variety. A high degree of inverse relationship between the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, mold fungi and the content of dry soluble substances and polyphenolic compounds was established for apples of the Scarlet Sails variety, CC –1,000 and –0,952, respectively. For the Granny Smith variety, a high degree of direct dependence of the number of mold fungi on the content of fiber (1,000) and pectin (0,756) and a high degree of inverse dependence on the content of polyphenolic substances (–0,995) were established. For the Piros variety, there is a high degree of inverse dependence between the amount of MAFAnM and the content of fiber (–0,094) and dry soluble substances (–0,203); direct dependence of the amount of mold fungi on the content of vitamin C, sugars and pectin: 0,971; 0,927 and 0,747, respectively. In apples of the Ozark Gold variety, a high degree of inverse relationship is established between the amount of MAFAnM and the content of fiber, dry soluble substances, pectin: –0,994; –0,595; –0,665, respectively. This variety also has a high degree of inverse dependence of the number of mold fungi on the surface on the content of fiber (–0,994) and polyphenolic compounds (–0,754). The obtained data can be used for the development of apple storage technologies based on the prediction of keeping capacity depending on the biochemical parameters.

Vaginal microbiomes in women with infertility that was surgical treatment on the uterine appendages

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
A.E. Dubchak ◽  
◽  
A.V. Milevsky ◽  
N.N. Obeid ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Normal Microflora ◽  
Vaginal Tract ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Group 1

The objective: of the study was to study the microbial vaginal tract in women with infertility, who had undergone surgical treatment on the uterine appendages. Materials and methods. An examination of vaginal discharge on flora and STIs was conducted in 120 women of reproductive age with infertility and benign ovarian formations, ectopic pregnancy, which was organ-retained surgical intervention on the appendages of the uterus. Of these, 76 (1 group) patients were surgically treated in a planned manner, 44 (in 2 groups) – in urgent cases. Results. Inflammatory diseases of the genital area were more common in women with infertility, who had surgical treatment in an urgent manner than in women of group 1 (p<0.05), especially inflammatory diseases of the cervix – almost twice as likely as in group 1. The vaginal microbial examination of women with infertility who were hospitalized for surgical treatment in an urgent manner indicates a significant imbalance between the parameters of contamination of the genital tract by conditionally pathogenic and normal microflora. This, above all, was manifested by the high frequency of determination in women of the 2nd group of representatives of optional aerobes and anaerobes (p<0.05). The concentration of facultative-aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms was in patients of the 2nd group, mostly of high degree of microbial dissemination, and in women of the 1 group, medium and low. STIs were found mainly in association with anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in patients who were operated in an urgent manner. Conclusion. It is necessary to correct the vaginal biotope in women with infertility before surgical treatment – to promptly influence pathogenic microorganisms with antimicrobial agents and restore physiological vaginal microbial vagina. Key words: women, infertility, vaginal microbial, appendages of the uterus, surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Characteristic (Discriminant Function) Indices of Chironja, Orange and Grapefruit

1969 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
C. G. Moscoso ◽  
B. G. Capó
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Characteristic Index ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Fruit Characters

Statistical comparisons of samples of chironja, orange and grapefruit were made of the characters of the leaves, flowers, fruits, and juice. The comparisons demonstrated that these fruits differ with regard to the above-mentioned characters when the latter are combined to provide certain quality indices. The four types of indices discriminated at the 1-percent level of statistical significance when comparing 100-fruit samples of each of the three fruits with each other. It is suggested that in identifying a single fruit in accordance with the described procedure, the characteristic index based on fruit characters be used first. However, if the result of this test is not conclusive, the addition of the characteristic index based on juice characters will aid in the identification of a single fruit with a high degree of accuracy.

Morphological variability of stamens and pollen of Platanus x acerifolia (Aiton) Willd. (Platanaceae) in relation to palaeobotany

Palaeobotany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
N. P. Maslova
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Group 1

The range of the variability of the morphological characters of stamens and pollen grains in Platanus x acerifolia (Aiton) Willd. from different geographical locations — Anapa, Krasnodar region, Russia (group 1) and Santa Cristina, Spain (group 2) was studied. A high degree of conservatism of such stamens features as the form of anthers, the form of pollen sacks, and the prominent apical extension of the connectives for both groups is shown. The shape and degree of pubescence of the apical extension of the connective, as well as the degree of the cutinization of theca are different in two groups. The characters of pollen grains in both groups are quite conservative. The implications of these data for paleobotanical research are discussed.

scholarly journals Correlating Integrative Complexity With System Modularity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Sinha ◽  
Eun Suk Suh ◽  
Olivier de Weck
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
System Development ◽  
Integrative Complexity ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Complexity Management ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
Intrinsic Complexity ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Strong Inverse Relationship

Modularity is the degree to which a system is made up of relatively independent but interacting elements. Modularization is not necessarily a means of reducing intrinsic complexity of the system, but it is a means of effectively redistributing the total complexity across the system. High degree of modularization enable reductionist strategies of system development and is an effective mechanism for complexity redistribution that can be better managed by system developers by enabling design encapsulation. In this paper, we introduce a complexity attribution framework to enable consistent complexity accounting and management procedure and show that integrative complexity has a strong inverse relationship with system modularity and its implication on complexity management for engineered system design and development.

scholarly journals The Mercenaries’ Salary in the Mithridatic Wars: Fontalovskaia Hoard (IGCH 1143)

2021 ◽  
pp. 411-423
Author(s):  
Mikhail G. Abramzon ◽  
Andrei M. Novichikhin ◽  
Irina A. Saprykina ◽  
Tatiana N. Smekalova
Keyword(s):  
Precious Metal ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
High Degree

A hoard of didrachmae from the Cossack village of Fontalovskaia (Krasnodar Region) is a unique homogeneous assemblage of the largest denomination of Bosporan silver coins from the Age of Mithridates VI. The results of X-ray fluorescent investigation of 480 didrachmae presented here suggest that the alloy contained only about 30–40% of the precious metal. From the find-spot of the hoard next to one of the main strategic roads controlled by the large settlement of Fontalovskaia 1, 6, the unprecedented size of the amount and the peculiarities of the hoard composition (the homogeneity of the coins represented only by the largest denomination and the absence of traces of circulation on most of them) there are reasons to be consider with a high degree of confidence that this money was intended to provide a salary for the contingent of Mithridates’ mercenaries defending this important area of grain production on the Fontalovskii Peninsula.

scholarly journals On the problem of grain damage in the form of dark spots in field conditions when cultivating rice in Krasnodar region

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02043
Author(s):  
Natalia Tumanyan ◽  
Tatyana Kumeiko ◽  
Sergey Garkusha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Pathogenic Effect ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Degree Of Damage ◽  
High Degree

The analysis of grain damage in the form of dark spots of Russian rice varieties grown in Krasnodar region in 2011-2020 has been carried out. Rice grain was damaged during the filling period, mainly in full ripeness. The high degree of damage was the reason for the deterioration of grain quality. The degree of damage varied over the years. 2011 and 2012 were characterized by a high content of damaged grains (up to 3-20%). The degree of damage to rice grain was different in different agar-landscape zones of Krasnodar region: in the Krasnoarmeysky district it was higher than in the Abinsky. On panicles of variety Rapan without stinkbugs, one caryopsis with damage was found, while on panicles with stinkbugs, their number increased to 12.4-20.3%. In variety Kurazh, damage to caryopses in the form of dark spots on panicles with stinkbugs reached 10.1-19.1%. A significant increase in the degree of damage to rice grain stored in storage began in 2011. In 2011, the content of damaged grains increased by more than 1%, in 2012 it reached 8.3% in the Slavyansky district. Since 2013, the degree of damage to rice grain in the field began to decrease. It is concluded that the damage is associated with the pathogenic effect on the plant and the caryopsis of bug insects with a piercing-sucking mouth apparatus. Damage to caryopses was insignificant in 2015-2020.

Photo-Biocatalytic Cascades for the Synthesis of Volatile Sulfur Compounds and Chemical Building Blocks

Synlett ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Daniele Castagnolo ◽  
Kate Lauder
Keyword(s):  
Michael Reaction ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Reaction Intermediates ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Prochiral Ketones ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Prochiral Ketone

Biocatalysis is a branch of catalysis that exploits enzymes to perform highly stereoselective chemical transformations under mild and sustainable conditions. This Synpact highlights how biocatalysis can be used in the synthesis of chiral 1,3-mercaptoalkanols, an important class of compounds responsible for the flavours and aromas of many foods and beverages. The identification of two ketoreductase (KRED) enzymes able to reduce prochiral ketone precursors enantioselectively to 1,3-mercaptoalkanols bearing a C–O stereocentre is presented. In addition, the combination of a photocatalytic thia-Michael reaction to access prochiral ketones with subsequent KRED-biocatalysed reduction in a one-pot cascade is presented. Photo-biocatalysed cascades represent one of the new and most intriguing challenges in synthetic chemistry, because the combination of different catalytic methodologies in domino processes offers unique opportunities to outperform sequential reactions with a high degree of selectivity and the avoidance of the need to isolate reaction intermediates.1 Introduction2 Biocatalytic Synthesis of 1,3-Mercaptoalkanols3 Photo-Biocatalytic Synthesis of 1,3-Mercaptoalkanols4 Photo-Biocatalysed Cascade Reactions5 Conclusions

scholarly journals The Influence of Biodegradable Food Films on Freshness Indices of Semi-Finished Meat Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Анна Ногина ◽  
Anna Nogina ◽  
Сергей Тихонов ◽  
Sergey Tikhonov ◽  
Наталья Тихонова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Narrow Slit ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Glycerol Content ◽  
Minimum Thickness ◽  
Film Formulation ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
High Degree

Barrier storage technologies are a promising means of increasing the shelf life of meat products, in particular, food wrap. The authors developed an edible food film with antioxidant and antibacterial properties and tested its efficiency in storage of semi-finished meat products. The formula includes nutrients available for industrial production: structure-forming polysaccharide nature-agar-agar, thickener, stabilizer, antioxidant-arabinogalactan, plasticizer-food glycerin, and universal solvent-distilled water. The food film was produced by extrusion dosing of bulk components and distilled water. Then suspended mixture of agar-agar and arabinogalactan was prepared, followed by preparation of film-forming mixture. The film was blown through a narrow slit head of the extruder; after that it was cooled, calibrated, and dried. The films appeared to have a thickness that varied from 28.5 to 54.0 microns, depending on the concentration of the basic prescription components. The thickest film (54 µm) was observed in the sample with the maximum agar content (2%); an increase in the concentration of arabinogalactan in the film solution contributes to the film thickening to a lesser extent (47.1 µm). An increase in the glycerol content of the film formulation to 2% allowed the authors to obtain a film with a minimum thickness (28.5 microns). An increase in agar concentration raises the tensile strength to 36.2 MPa and elongation at break to 29.2%. However, with an increase in glycerol content, these indicators deteriorate to 25.3 MPa (24.6%). High structural and mechanical properties of the film and a high degree of decomposition were observed in the film sample with 2% agar-agar content. As an antimicrobial component, a liquid extract of chamomile flowers was introduced into the film. On the basis of the conducted organoleptic, physico-chemical, and microbiological studies, packaging of semi-finished meat products in a biodegradable film helps to increase their shelf life.

Tissue section lifting for electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Adrian F. van Dellen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Determination ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The morphologic pathologist may require information on the ultrastructure of a non-specific lesion seen under the light microscope before he can make a specific determination. Such lesions, when caused by infectious disease agents, may be sparsely distributed in any organ system. Tissue culture systems, too, may only have widely dispersed foci suitable for ultrastructural study. In these situations, when only a few, small foci in large tissue areas are useful for electron microscopy, it is advantageous to employ a methodology which rapidly selects a single tissue focus that is expected to yield beneficial ultrastructural data from amongst the surrounding tissue. This is in essence what "LIFTING" accomplishes. We have developed LIFTING to a high degree of accuracy and repeatability utilizing the Microlift (Fig 1), and have successfully applied it to tissue culture monolayers, histologic paraffin sections, and tissue blocks with large surface areas that had been initially fixed for either light or electron microscopy.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

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