Effects of Climate and Land Use Change on Food Security: a Case Study of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sathaporn Monprapussorna
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Natural Climate

Addressing climate change for food security poses a great challenge to social welfare in developing countries where agricultural sector plays a significant role in driving economic growth and sustaining livelihoods. Natural climate variability and anthropogenic emissions introduce the considerable effects on agriculture yields and productivity, including nexus of food-water-energy. This paper aims at exploring land suitability for rice farmland in Phra NaKhon Si Ayuttaya province. Projection of temperature and precipitation over a province in 2050 in according to representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios show a few increase in mean monthly temperature, monthly maximum temperature and minimum temperature about 0.5 to 1 degree celcius. Annual precipitation tends to be reduced for RCP 8.5 in comparison to RCP 4.5. Land suitability for growing rice is simulated by using EcoCrop model which requires input parameters from temperature and precipitation projection in 2050. Results reveal a decreasing in land suitability for rice both under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Agricultural land use tends to be transformed into residential and industrial land by 2050, resulting in the reduction in agricultural land and rice production. Successful adaptation to climate change in the agricultural sector needs to be encouraged by government to build robust cooperative efforts from all stakeholders.Keywords: Climate change; rice; Phra Nakhon Si Ayuttaya, food security; adaptation

scholarly journals Impact of the Domestic Labor Market on Sustainability of Agriculture in Oman

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Hemesiri Bandara Kotagama ◽  
Hamam Al-Farsi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Undistorted factor markets are a perquisite for efficient allocation of resources and growth in production. In Oman by 2013, only 16% of households have reported agriculture as the main occupation and 53% have reported nonagricultural government employment as the main occupation. This situation is hypothesized to be related to the labor market; where government legislated higher remuneration in the nonagricultural government sector vis-a-vis agricultural sector, influences Omani farmers to move to nonagricultural employment, causing reduced cultivated area and farm production. The study uses operations research methods to quantify the impact of labor market policies on agricultural employment, farm gross income and land use intensity (proxy for farm production and food security). It is found that the shift of Omani labor from agriculture is influenced by higher wages in the nonagricultural sectors. The agricultural land use intensity is thereby decreased. The policy of allowing hiring of expatriate labor is beneficial in overcoming labor scarcity. However, in the long-run both farm productivity need to improve to be competitive with legislated income receivable from nonagricultural employment and ideally labor markets need to operate freely, to enhance food security and assure employment of Omani labor in agriculture.

scholarly journals Climate change and maize agriculture among Chepang communities of Nepal: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Pratiksha Sharma ◽  
Rishi Ram Kattel ◽  
Ananta Prakash Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

This paper reviews recent literature concerning effects of climate change on agriculture and its agricultural adaptation strategies, climate change impacts on Chepang communities and their maize farming. Climate change is perhaps the most serious environmental threat to agricultural productivity. Change in temperature and precipitation specially has greater influence on crop growth and productivity and most of these effect are found to be adverse. Climate change has been great global threat with global temperature rise by 0.83 °C and  global sea level rise by 0.19 m. Poor countries of the world are more vulnerable to changing climate due to different technological, institutional and resource constraints. In context of Nepal, practices like tree plantation, lowering numbers of livestock, shifting to off farm activities, sloping agricultural land technology (SALT) and shifting cultivation are most common coping strategies. Chepang, one of the most backward indigenous ethnic groups of Nepal are also found to perceive change in the climate. Perception  and adaptation strategies  followed by different farmers of world including Chepang  is mainly found to be effected by household head’s age, size of farm, family size, assessment to credit, information and extension service, training received and  transportation. Maize is second most important crop in Nepal in which increase in temperature is favorable in Mountain and its yield is negatively influenced by increase in summer rain and maximum temperature. Local knowledge of indigenous people provides new insights into the phenomenon that has not yet been scientifically researched. So, government should combine this perceptive with scientific climate scenario and should conduct activities in term of adoption strategies and policies to insist targeted and marginalized farmers.

scholarly journals Memoir and Farming Structures under Soil-Less Culture (Hydroponic Farming) and the Applicability for Africa: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret S. Gumisiriza ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi ◽  
Ernest R. Mbega
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Address Climate Change

Agriculture is the economic back-borne of majority of developing countries worldwide. The sector employs over 50% of the working population and contributes about 33% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in majority of African states. However, such contribution by the agricultural sector is likely to be affected by climate change, increasing human population and urbanization which impact on available agricultural land in various ways. There is thus an urgent need for developing countries to create or adopt technologies such as; soil-less farming that will not only address climate change challenges but also enhance crop production for improved food security. This paper reviews the science, origin, dynamics and farming systems under the soil-less agriculture precisely hydroponic farming to assist in widening the scope of knowledge of the hydroponic technologies and their implementation in Africa.

scholarly journals Food Security of Banjar People In Facing Climate Change In Sungai Batang Village, Banjar District, South Kalimantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Setia Budhi ◽  
Sri Hidayah ◽  
Ismar Hamid ◽  
Siti Aulia ◽  
Muhammad Agrianto Suwandi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition

In the last five years, the world's attention has shifted to food security in relation to climate change adaptation and mitigation, particularly in 2008, when food prices skyrocketed, causing famine in Cape Africa and even the Sahel, which is still feeling the effects of this famine in 2012. In the same year, the OHCHR report (the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights) notes the need to safeguard food security and nutrition in the context of Human Rights. A major shift occurred in Indonesian agriculture due to the 1999 eruption of Mount Elanor. A focus on climate influences has been a prominent component of the Indonesian government's policy regarding agriculture for some time. Plant-resistant crops or programs for mitigating climate change take the form of either of these options. Culminating a significant development in policies to secure food security, such as protection of agricultural land, various policies were created to evaluate land use and regulations of the Minister of Agriculture pertaining to guidelines for land use. The study, which was done for a period of six months, has a goal of learning more about the Banjar people's local knowledge on climate change. By collecting data from locals, such as farmers, community leaders, and village heads, who have detailed knowledge about Banjar customs and traditions, and from Banjar people who are selected for the research in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, qualitative methods and collection of local knowledge and local wisdom strategies were employed.

scholarly journals The link between climate change, food security and fertility: The case of Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258196
Author(s):  
Mengni Chen ◽  
Shah Md Atiqul Haq ◽  
Khandaker Jafor Ahmed ◽  
A. H. M. Belayeth Hussain ◽  
Mufti Nadimul Quamar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Negative Effect

Climate change is likely to worsen the food security situation through its impact on food production, which may indirectly affect fertility behaviour. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of climate change (e.g., temperature and precipitation) via the production of major crops, as well as their short- and long-term effects on the total fertility rate (TFR) in Bangladesh. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to perform path analysis and distinguish the direct influence of climate change on fertility and its indirect influence on fertility through food security. We also applied the error correction model (ECM) to analyze the time-series data on temperature and precipitation, crop production and fertility rate of Bangladesh from 1966 to 2015. The results show that maximum temperature has a direct effect and indirect negative effect–via crop production–on TFR, while crop production has a direct positive effect and indirect negative effect–via infant mortality–on TFR. In the short term, TFR responds negatively to the maximum temperature but positively in the long term. The effect of rainfall on TFR is found to be direct, positive, but mainly short-term. Although indicators of economic development play an important part in the fertility decline in Bangladesh, some climate change parameters and crop production are non-negligible factors.

scholarly journals Impact of the Domestic Labor Market on Sustainability of Agriculture in Oman

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Hemesiri Bandara Kotagama ◽  
Hamam Al-Farsi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Undistorted factor markets are a perquisite for efficient allocation of resources and growth in production. In Oman by 2013, only 16% of households have reported agriculture as the main occupation and 53% have reported nonagricultural government employment as the main occupation. This situation is hypothesized to be related to the labor market; where government legislated higher remuneration in the nonagricultural government sector vis-a-vis agricultural sector, influences Omani farmers to move to nonagricultural employment, causing reduced cultivated area and farm production. The study uses operations research methods to quantify the impact of labor market policies on agricultural employment, farm gross income and land use intensity (proxy for farm production and food security). It is found that the shift of Omani labor from agriculture is influenced by higher wages in the nonagricultural sectors. The agricultural land use intensity is thereby decreased. The policy of allowing hiring of expatriate labor is beneficial in overcoming labor scarcity. However, in the long-run both farm productivity need to improve to be competitive with legislated income receivable from nonagricultural employment and ideally labor markets need to operate freely, to enhance food security and assure employment of Omani labor in agriculture.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG, KUBIS, KENTANG DAN WORTEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM ALES (Autometed Land Evaluation System)

BUANA SAINS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Bambang Siswanto ◽  
Wahyu Fikrinda
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Mapping Unit ◽  
Efficient Manner

The increasing need of land from year to year results in the narrowness of fertile and potential agricultural land. This condition causes an imbalance of land use, which can directly harm the agricultural sector. To be able to utilize land resources in a directed and efficient manner, it is necessary to provide complete data and information about land characteristics and land use requirements that will be cultivated. Information in the form of land characteristics and land use requirements is needed in land evaluation activities. Land evaluation conducted by using ALES program (autometed land evaluation system), in addition to facilitate the process can also be used for the evaluation of land economically. To evaluation land physical and economical for maize, cabbage, potato and carrot in Tulungrejo, Batu. This research was conducted in Tulungrejo Substrict region in Tulungrejo, Batu observation map plan soil and economic social data processing, evaluation model on ALES program. The research result was 17 soil mapping unit (SMU) according to soil survei result which consist of soil taxonomi with its spread SMU 1 Andic Dytrudepts, SMU 2 Andic Dystrudepts and Typic Melanudands, SMU 3 Andic Dystrudepts and Typic Melanudans, SMU 4 Typic Melanudands, SMU 5 Andic Dystrudepts and Typic Melanudands, SMU 6 Humic Pachic Dystrudepts, SMU 7 Ruptic Alfic Dystrudepts, SMU 8 Andic Dystrudepts, Tupic Dystrudepts and Typic Melanudands, SMU 9 Typic Hapludans, SMU 10 Typic Melanudands, SMU 11 Typic Hapludands and Andic Hapludolls, SMU 12 Typic Hapludands and Humic Dystrudepts, SMU 13 Typic Hapludands and Inceptic Hapludalfs, SMU 14 Typic Hapludolls, SMU 14 Typic Hapludolls, SMU 15 Typic Hydrudands, SMU 16 Typic Melanudands and Andic Dystrudepts, SMU 17 Typic Udipsamments. Generally the ALES physical land suitability result for maize: S3-eh/nf/nr/rc, S2-nr/rc/wa, S3-oa and N-oa, cabbage S3-eh, S3-eh/nr, S3-nf, S3-rc and N-oa, potato S2-eh/nr, S2-nf, S3-nr, S3-oa and N-oa while for carrot S3-nf , N-eh. Economical land suitability value of maize, cabbage and potato on N1, N2 and S3 while for carrot is S1 because nothing limited class. General the ALES economical suitability result was profitable because there ware no negative (-) economical matric value.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Land Use Change in the Eastern Coastal Belt of Bangladesh, Elucidated by Analyzing Rice Production Area in the Past and Future

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shafiul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Salinity Intrusion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Area

Climate change is an important issue now-a-days. Global warming i.e. climate change causes sea level rise and that affect the coastal agricultural areas of Bangladesh. The net-cropped area of eastern coastal zone in Bangladesh has been decreasing over the years due to various purposes and the most common one is the land inundation and salinity intrusion by tidal water. The main aims of the study is to assess the change in climatic conditions particularly temperature, rainfall and agricultural land use change in the past and future. Past rainfall, temperature and salinity data have been used to assess the climatic and salinity conditions of the area under investigation. Normalized difference vegetation Index (NDVI) and False Color Composite (FCC) of digital Land sat images have been used to identify land use pattern and Boro rice coverage area. During last 31 years (1978 -2009) 31% rice production land has converted to shrimp culture and salt farming. Salinity intrusion is one of the major causes of agricultural land use change. Salinity level has increased dramatically in dry season during last decade due to increase of temperature, low rainfall pattern, high evaporation rate and low water discharge to the river systems. Future landuse has been projected for 2039 by Markov Model. Result shows that rice production area will decrease rapidly due to salinity intrusion as well as climate change which may threat for food security of Bangladesh. Hereafter, the Government of Bangladesh, national and international institutions will have to work together for minimizing the effect of climate change for food security. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20151 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 83-91, 2013

scholarly journals Stream Discharge Response to Climate Change and Land Use Change in Tamor Basin, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
K.C. Sumitra ◽  
R.P. Shrestha ◽  
S. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
Annual Discharge

Climate change and land use change are two major issues that need to be addressed for sustainable land and water resource management. These are major factors influencing discharge in monsoon dominated basin. This study aims to quantitatively assess the impact of climate change and land use change on future discharge of the Tamor basin in Nepal. Result from the study indicated maximum temperature will reach to 40.63°C in 2030s, 40.63°C in 2060s and 45.95°C in 2090s which was 35°C in baseline period (1976-2005). Annual average precipitation was projected to change by 17.64% under RCP 4.5 and by 39.88% under RCP 8.5 till the end of the century as projected by HadGEM2. Since the basin is monsoon dominated, annual discharge was projected to increase by 12.25% under RCP 4.5 and by 32.67% under RCP 8.5 above baseline average till the end of the century. Result using HadGEM2 also shows that peak flows that used to occur in August in baseline period will shift to July except in 2030s under RCP 4.5. However, CSIRO-Mk3.6.0 projects decrease in annual precipitation and hence also discharge at the end of the century. Result from both Global Climate Models show that average monthly discharge due to climate change will change positively as well as negatively for both scenarios. Due to combined impact of land use change and climate change, annual discharge was projected to change by 16.53%, 21.28% and -4.39% under RCP 4.5 and by 38.29%, 45.64% and 13.06% under RCP 8.5 till the end of the century for conversion of forest into agricultural land, conversion of forest into barren land and conversion of barren land into forest respectively. Average annual discharge increased the most in case of conversion of forest into barren land and decreased or increased the least in case of conversion of barren land into forest. Unlike annual, seasonal response to combined impact was different. In monsoon and pre monsoon, discharge increased or decreased the least in case of conversion of forest into agricultural land and barren land while increased the least or decreased in case of conversion of barren land into forest. However, in post monsoon and winter, discharge decreased the least or increased the most in case of conversion of barren land into forest but discharge decreased the most or increased the least in case of conversion of forest into agricultural land and barren land.

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