scholarly journals Income Inequality Tolerance and Preferences for Redistribution in Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Ayfer Karayel
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Previous Analysis ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Attitudinal Differences ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the extent to which redistribution is desired by the Turkish and its determinants are estimated. For this purpose, the 2009 Social Inequality Module of the International Social Survey Programme is used. Finding the attitudinal differences between urban and rural region residents, and understanding whether these can be attributed to educational differences is additionally aimed. The estimations indicate that pro-redistribution preferences are shaped by distributive justice considerations captured by the question on just payment at work. Having no or low educational qualification, living in urban regions and small cities also play an important role. Being in the lowest income categories is also associated with higher demand for redistribution. The attitudinal difference between rural and urban residents cannot be attributed to differences in the educational levels, differences in cultural values and/or income levels seem to play an important role. This study’s finding that women are more tolerant of income inequality than men is the opposite of the previous finding based on the 2011 WVS data, and of the more usual finding in other studies. Hard work has a non- significant effect in the present study although it was one of the determinants of pro-redistribution preferences previously. The impact of income is similar to previous analysis’ finding. However, mixed results were found in the previous analysis relative to the effect of living in a specific region. The effects are more homogeneous with ISSPA data, as all of the regions with significant coefficients have relatively reduced support for redistribution than Istanbul.

Effect of income inequality, community infrastructure and individual stressors on adult depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sha Fan ◽  
Renuka Mahadevan ◽  
Janni Leung
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Resource Misallocation ◽  
Women Health ◽  
City Community ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract This paper considers the impact of variables at three different levels—city, community and individual—on the depression of adults aged 45 years and above in China. Evidence shows that community factors, such as infrastructure and elderly centres, are critical to reduce depression but the effect of city-level factors such as lowering income inequality and improving public health investment is different for the segments of poor and non-poor as well as the rural and urban residents. This highlights the need to consider targeted policy mix options to avoid resource misallocation. Lastly, Chinese females’ depression has worsened over time with ageing, particularly those who drink alcohol or are less educated are prone to depression prompting the need for specialist women health centres.

scholarly journals How does Income Inequality affect the Support for Populist Parties?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Stoetzer ◽  
Johannes Giesecke ◽  
Heike Klüver
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Recent studies provide evidence that income inequality is a relevant driver for the electoral success of populist parties all over Europe. In this article, we aim to understand how exactly increasing income inequality can lead to support for populist parties. More specifically, we discuss four different attitudinal mechanisms that have been suggested in previous research: economic insecurities, trust in political elites, social integration and social identity. We rely on eight waves of the European Social Survey and find that especially trust in political elites is linked to rising income inequality and populist support. However, a causal mediation analysis shows that none of these mechanisms is sufficient to understand the impact of income inequality onsupport for populists. This finding raises questions regarding the empirical relevance of existing theories to explain how macroeconomic changes in inequality became a pre-condition for the rise of populist parties.

Globalization as a Context for Moral Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 662-681
Author(s):  
Jessica McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Diverse World ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact

Though the developmental psychology of globalization is an emerging field of study, little is known about whether and how globalization affects moral development. Drawing from interdisciplinary research across diverse world regions, the author argues that globalization alters moral development by transforming the socializers to which youth are exposed. This chapter begins by proposing the moral relevance of scholarship that addresses the impact of globalization on identity development and cultural values. The chapter then turns to the author’s research with adolescent–parent dyads in rural and urban Thai communities, the findings of which indicate that urban adolescents stand alone in moral reasoning and conceptions of the moral self. The double-gap in moral personhood across contexts of globalization (urban, rural), and across generations (adolescents, parents) in the urban Thai community, suggests that globalization affects constellations of moral reasoning among youth in rapidly changing cultural contexts. The chapter concludes by posing pressing questions for moral developmentalists in a globalizing world.

Mayors, Partisanship, and Redistribution: Evidence Directly from U.S. Mayors

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Levine Einstein ◽  
David M. Glick
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
The Impact

Policymakers and scholars are increasingly looking to cities to address challenges including income inequality. No existing research, however, directly and systematically measures local political elites’ preferences for redistribution. We interview and survey 72 American mayors—including many from the nation’s largest cities—and collect public statements and policy programs to measure when and why mayors prioritize redistribution. While many of the mayors’ responses are consistent with being constrained by economic imperatives, a sizable minority prioritize redistributive programs. Moving beyond the question of whether mayors support redistribution, we find that partisanship explains much of the variation in a mayor’s propensity for redistribution. Moreover, the impact of partisanship very rarely varies with institutional and economic contexts. These findings suggest that national political debates may be shaping local priorities in ways contrary to conventional views, and that they may matter even more than other recent findings conclude.

Toward Identifying the Unique Characteristics of Social Work Practice in Rural Areas: From the Voices of Practitioners

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Gumpert ◽  
Joan E. Saltman ◽  
Donna Sauer-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Rural Practice ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
The Impact

Although literature has identified cultural values, environmental factors, and specific problems unique to social work practice in rural and small communities, research efforts focused on identification of the differences between rural and urban practice have found little variation. This article presents a new dimension. The findings from a survey of rural practitioners provide a closer look at practice within the rural context. Findings confirm several characteristics found in the literature: direct and indirect practice with multiple client systems, and extensive interface with community based systems of self help groups and natural helpers. The impact of two factors, the influence of rural cultural norms and values and lack of resources, appears to suggest avenues for further study in order to uncover the unique qualities of rural practice. Implications are drawn for social work education.

Information and Communication Technology and Cultural Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hansen ◽  
Tom Postmes ◽  
Nikita van der Vinne ◽  
Wendy van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ict For Development ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper studies whether and how information and communication technology (ICT) changes self-construal and cultural values in a developing country. Ethiopian children were given laptops in the context of an ICT for development scheme. We compared children who used laptops (n = 69) with a control group without laptops (n = 76) and a second control group of children whose laptop had broken down (n = 24). Results confirmed that after 1 year of laptop usage, the children’s self-concept had become more independent and children endorsed individualist values more strongly. Interestingly, the impact of laptop usage on cultural values was mediated by self-construal (moderated mediation). Importantly, modernization did not “crowd out” traditional culture: ICT usage was not associated with a reduction in traditional expressions (interdependent self-construal, collectivist values). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Pengaruh Budaya Terhadap Akuntansi, Auditing Dan Praktik Akuntansi Internasional

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Priyastiwi Priyastiwi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
National Level ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Financial Disclosure ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to provide the basic model of Hofstede and Grays’ cultural values that relates the Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and Gray‘s accounting value. This article reviews some studies that prove the model and develop the research in the future. There are some evidences that link the Hofstede’s cultural values studies with the auditor’s judgment and decisions by developing a framework that categorizes the auditor’s judgments and decisions are most likely influenced by cross-cultural differences. The categories include risk assessment, risk decisions and ethical judgments. Understanding the impact of cultural factors on the practice of accounting and financial disclosure is important to achieve the harmonization of international accounting. Deep understanding about how the local values may affect the accounting practices and their impacts on the financial disclosure are important to ensure the international comparability of financial reporting. Gray’s framework (1988) expects how the culture may affect accounting practices at the national level. One area of the future studies will examine the impact of cultural dimensions to the values of accounting, auditing and decision making. Key word : Motivation, leadership style, job satisfaction, performance

Environmental Conservation Through Study Value of Bali Aga Tenganan Pegringsingan Community Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Nyoman Wijana ◽  
I Gusti Agung Nyoman Setiawan ◽  
Sanusi Mulyadiharja ◽  
I Gede Astra Wesnawa ◽  
Putu Indah Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Time Orientation ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Community Culture ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Orientation Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Relational Orientation

This research aimed to know the implementation of environmental conservation in terms of cultural value orientation, including humanistic nature orientation, man-nature orientation, time orientation, activity orientation, and relational orientation. The population of this research was the entire community in traditional village Tenganan Pegringsingan, Karangasem, Bali. This research sample amounted to 25 people, consisting of the conventional village apparatus, community leaders, and the general public. Methods of data collection were the method of observation, interview, questionnaire, and checklist. The collected data were analyzed descriptively. This research indicated that the orientation of cultural values of humanistic nature orientation and man-nature orientation had an excellent quality. The time orientation, activity orientation, and relational orientation parameters had good quality. Culture in the study community generally showed a positive thing, so the impact of culture on the quality of the environment, in general, was excellent. The results of observations in the field revealed that there were all community activities at Tenganan Pegringsingan that could not cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the role of traditional regulation or awig-awig to regulate environmental and social-culture.

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