Blood Stream Infection Caused by Achromobacter Xylosoxidans: Case Report and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ucciferri C ◽  
◽  
Caiazzo L ◽  
Pontolillo M ◽  
Vignale F ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Common Variable

Achromobacter xylosoxidans also known as Alcaligenes xylosoxidans is a Gram-negative bacillus found in water and soil. It is an uncommon cause of infection in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. This report describes a 47-year-old female diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency with Achromobacter xylosoxidans positive blood cultures and acquired resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam during treatment. This bacterium can cause pathologies with high mortality, due to its ability to create biofilms and its particular pattern of susceptibility to antibiotics. Choosing the right antibiotic is critical because they are highly resistant to antibiotics. Due to the presence of few antibiotics with bactericidal activity, the risk of empirical treatment failure is high and therefore a correct understanding of this rare but fatal disease is important to obtain the best chance of success. For this reason we finally carried out a literature review.

Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

scholarly journals Is it cost effective to use a 2% chlorhexidine wipes bath to reduce central-line associated blood stream infection? A quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 101538
Author(s):  
Diego Feriani ◽  
Ercilia Evangelista Souza ◽  
Larissa Gordilho Mutti Carvalho ◽  
Aline Santos Ibanes ◽  
Eliana Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Quasi Experimental

scholarly journals 250. Blood Stream Infections (BSI) in Pediatric Neuroblastoma High Risk: Emphasis on Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) Bacteremia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S124-S125
Author(s):  
Muayad Alali ◽  
Joseph Hageman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

Abstract Background Febrile neutropenia’s (FN) literature has focused on acute leukemia and undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) as high risk factors for microbiological documented infection (MDI) and blood stream infection (BSI). Comprehensive studies on in pediatric Neuroblastoma high risk (NB-HR) who receive highly myelosuppressive therapy are lacking. Methods We conducted a retrospective medical record review of pediatric patients who received any oncology care at UCM Comer Children’s Hospitals.with a diagnosis of FN who had at least 1 blood culture obtained and one of the following underlying diagnoses (AML, lymphoblastic leukemia ALL), NB-HR, and other solid tumors (ST). SCT patients were excluded from study. We reviewed pathogens isolated from blood cultures (BCx) and determined whether they were pathogens or contaminants using IDSA guidelines. Comparative analyses of BSI rates between NB-HR and other underlying diagnoses were done. Results A total of 560 FN episodes (FNEs) were identified in 230 patients. FNEs occurred in NB-HR were 102 in 77 patients. Fifty-seven percent of patients developed one or more BSI or MDI during induction chemotherapy. The mean age was 11.0 (SD=6.5) years. True BSI occurred in 138 (24.6%) of FN episodes. The organisms that were most frequently isolated from were viridans group streptococci (VGS) (25%). The highest rate of BSI occurred among FNEs with AML (44/115, 37%) followed by NB-HR 26/110 (25%) Table1. Overall BSI rate in NB-HR group is higher than other solid tumors (25 vs 17%, P=0.03). In subset analysis, VGS bacteremia was highest among FNEs with AML and NB-HR compared with ALL (8.7 and 8.8 % vs 6%) P< 0.04 and P=0.02 respectively. Notably, the gram positive/ gram negative (GP/GN ratio) in NB-HR compared with ST was significantly higher (OR =2.26, CI 95% 1.5–7.8, P< 0.01), this was likely due to a higher VGS rate (8.8% vs 2%, OR=4.2, P < 0.01). Rate of GN-BSI are same in each of ALL,HR-NB and ST. Conclusion Our large Neuroblastoma cohort showed that NB-HR during induction chemotherapy are higher risk for VGS bacteremia, compared with other solid tumors. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate infection related complication in this high risk group and possible improved morbidity and mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Central Line-Associated Blood Stream Infection During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Aldawood ◽  
Aiman El-Saed ◽  
Mohammed Al Zunitan ◽  
Majed Alshamrani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Central Line
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