scholarly journals FISHERY RENT AND VALUE OF AQUATIC BIORESOURCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 229-242
Author(s):  
V. V. Samoylenko
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
The Social ◽  
Commercial Stock

Fishery rent is assessed quantitatively for Russian Federation in 2014–2018. The annual rent value changed from 43 to 110 billion roubles, with the average amount of 88 billion roubles per year. On this basis, the net present value of non-cultivated aquatic living stocks is calculated using the data of official statistics, under assumption of 15 % return of capital. The fishery rent dynamics is determined mainly by the consumers demand (sales price) and the level of production cost. Other parameters, as the amount of capital, its profitability, etc., have smaller impact on the rent. Direct calculating of the aquatic living resources value using the data on total allowable catch (TAC) or commercial stock has large errors and uncertainty in contrast to the method of net present value that accounts the rental income. However, monetary valuation of aquatic living resources by this method requires a correct assessment of social discount rate because of its strong impact on the results of calculation. The social discount rate for Russian Federation varied in the 2014–2018 from 2.13 % to 3.73 % that is considered as a quite low level, typical for developed countries. Taking into account this correction, the value of non-cultivated aquatic living resources in Russian Federation is amounted as 1.4–4.7 trillion roubles in 2014–2018 that is considered as the minimal limit corresponded with an «ideal», undisturbed state of the system. In real, both value of fishery rent and value of fishery resources are affected by a number of officially unreported factors, such as discards and technological losses, which summary impact is assessed as 45 % of the fishery rent or 39 billion roubles per year, on average. Thus, the more realistic value of the non-cultivated aquatic living resources in Russia in 2014–2018 is 2.1–6.4 trillion roubles, on average 4.3 trillion roubles.

scholarly journals Analisis Perencanaan Investasi Jaringan Tenaga Listrik

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dwi Ajiatmo
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Social

Electricity is able to make a positive change and contribution to people's lives and well-being. This study aims to assess the feasibility of investment in the construction of low voltage electricity networks. The method used with project evaluation analysis is based on financial analysis. The criteria used to analyze activities carried out for 10 years use payback period (PP) analysis, net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and profitability index (IP). The results showed that the analysis of investment planning can be carried out with the consequence of the results obtained in the form of not so large returns. PP results show the investment value with the payback period method will Return in the 9th year, while the positive NPV value is still above zero while the IRR value shows the value of 11% below the social discount rate as well as the IP value showing the value of 0.90. The feasibility of investment in terms of economic-financial analysis by looking at per criteria shows that investment is still feasible to be carried out with minimal profit levels.

scholarly journals Discounting Disentangled

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz A. Drupp ◽  
Mark C. Freeman ◽  
Ben Groom ◽  
Frikk Nesje
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Time Preference ◽  
Wealth Effect ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ramsey Rule

The economic values of investing in long-term public projects are highly sensitive to the social discount rate (SDR). We surveyed over 200 experts to disentangle disagreement on the risk-free SDR into its component parts, including pure time preference, the wealth effect, and return to capital. We show that the majority of experts do not follow the simple Ramsey Rule, a widely used theoretical discounting framework, when recommending SDRs. Despite disagreement on discounting procedures and point values, we obtain a surprising degree of consensus among experts, with more than three-quarters finding the median risk-free SDR of 2 percent acceptable. (JEL C83, D61, D82, H43, Q58)

scholarly journals A time preference measure of the social discount rate for Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arian Daneshmand ◽  
Esfandiar Jahangard ◽  
Mahnoush Abdollah-Milani
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Time Preference ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
The Social ◽  
Preference Measure

scholarly journals Sustainability and feasibility assessments of nanobubble aeration technology in economic-socio environment of Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Lily Susanti ◽  
Suyud Warno Utomo ◽  
Noverita Dian Takarina
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Penaeus Vannamei ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Total Ammonia

Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming in Indonesia is faced with several challenges in the environmental, economic, and social aspects. Therefore, this study aims to assess the benefits of novel nanobubble aeration systems for the ecosystem, businesses, and communities. This is an experimental study conducted by comparing P. vannamei post larva 10 reared at a density of 2000 inds./L in a pond treated with nanobubble and without treatments (control). Furthermore, the Net Present Value (NPV) and payback period were calculated to assess the economic feasibility of nanobubble, while community interviews were used for the social sectors. Based on the results, environmental wastes of shrimp farming in form of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were reduced by 9% from 2.58 mg/l (95%CI: 0,91, 4,25) in control compared to 2.35 mg/l (95%CI: 0,86, 3,84) in treatment. Furthermore, the revenues from post larva sales for five years and nanobubble investment costs showed that the estimated NPV was IDR 64,824,374 with a payback period of 1.7 years. The interviews on traditional shrimp farming showed that 61.1% to 72.2% of community members agreed on the use of nanobubble aeration to support livelihoods. Therefore, the use of nanobubbles is feasible to support sustainable P. vannamei farming.

scholarly journals Kelayakan Usaha Ternak Kambing Menurut Sistem Pemeliharaan, Bangsa, dan Elevasi di Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Good Export ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
The Village

<p>The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility business for goat based on keeping system, keept, the livestock breed and elevation. The study was carried out in four districts of Yogyakarta. Purposive random techniques were used. The samples were selected based on the village group system, breeds (Kacang, Bligon and Etawa Crossbreed Goat and elevation (low, medium and high). The socio-economic were the Break Even Point, B/C ratio, and Net Present Value (NPV) of the farmers. The results showed that Etawa Crossbreed Goat have a highest income to increase the productivity of goats. Moreover, the goat breeding business was profitable when there were minimally 2-3 doe on the assumption that the livestock breeding was intensively managed. In general, the B/C ratio value was bigger than 1 and the NPV was positive, indicated that the goat was feasible because it could provide the breeders with the profit that surpassed the social opportunity cost, which was the used capital production factor. It is recommended that Kacang goats may be developed due to the pure breed and good export opportunity.</p><p>Key words : feasibility study, the keeping system, livestock breed, elevation</p>

Against the Social Discount Rate

2018 ◽  
pp. 144-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
TYLER COWEN ◽  
DEREK PARFIT
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
The Social

Discounting under Risk

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-89
Author(s):  
Maddalena Ferranna
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ramsey Rule ◽  
Climate Damages

The debate on the economics of climate change has focused primarily on the choice of the social discount rate, which plays a key role in determining the desirability of climate policies given the long-term impacts of climate damages. Discounted utilitarianism and the Ramsey Rule dominate the debate on discounting. The chapter examines the appropriateness of the utilitarian framework for evaluating public policies. More specifically, it focuses on the risky dimension of climate change, and on the failure of utilitarianism in expressing both concerns for the distribution of risks across the population and concerns for the occurrence of catastrophic outcomes. The chapter shows how a shift to the prioritarian paradigm is able to capture those types of concerns, and briefly sketches the main implications for the choice of the social discount rate.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Value of Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration Services under Different Scenarios in the Central China (the Qinling-Daba Mountain Area)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyang Yu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Zixiang Zhou ◽  
Li Zeng ◽  
Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Mountain Area

The Qinling-Daba Mountain area is a transitional zone between north and south China and not much is known about its carbon storage, particularly its pool of soil organic carbon (SOC). Given this shortcoming, more reliable information regarding its SOC is needed. In light of this, we quantified above and below-ground carbon sinks using both the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model and an improved carbon cycle process model. We also assessed the net present value (NPV) for carbon budgets under different carbon price and discount rate scenarios using the NPV model. Our results indicated that the net primary productivity (NPP) was lower in places with low density forests that were situated at high elevation. The spatial distribution of carbon storage depended on NPP production and litter decompositon, which reflected specific vegetation as well as temperature and moisture gradients. The lowest amounts of carbon storage were in the center of the Qinling Mountains and also partly in the Daba area, which is a location associated with sparse grassland. Contrastingly, the broad-leaved forested area showed the highest amount of carbon storage. NPV was positively correlated with discount rate and carbon prices, thus resulting in the highest values in the forests and grassland. The net present value of total soil carbon sequestration in the six scenarios in 2015 was 3.555 b yuan, 3.621 b yuan, 5.421 b yuan, 5.579 b yuan, 7.530 b yuan, 7.929 b yuan; The net present value of total soil carbon sequestration in 6 scenarios in 2017 is 2.816 b yuan, 2.845 b yuan, 4.361 b yuan, 4.468 b yuan, 6.144 b yuan, 6.338 b yuan (billion = 109; b; RMB is the legal currency of the China, and its unit is yuan, 1 euro = 7.7949 yuan, and 1 pound = 9.2590 yuan). Levying a carbon tax would be a notable option for decision makers as they develop carbon emission reduction policies. Given this, incorporating discount rates and carbon pricing would allow for more realistic value estimations of soil organic carbon. This approach would also provide a theoretical basis and underscore the practical significance for the government to set a reasonable carbon price.

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