scholarly journals Learning from Our Mistakes: We Have a Scientific and Fiscal Obligation to Publish Failed Results

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Levinn ◽  
Michael Pluth
Keyword(s):  
Financial Resources ◽  
Scientific Publishing ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Scientific Advances

<p>By only publishing the positive and successful results of our research, we as a field are limiting scientific advances and exercising poor stewardship of financial resources. By moving toward norms that include disseminating failed, unexpected, and tangential results, we have the opportunity to not only increase the efficiency of science, but also advance new discoveries. Of the broad scientific disciplines, chemistry in particular is poised to take advantage of already-existing, relatively low-barrier approaches to change the scientific publishing culture.</p>

scholarly journals Learning from Our Mistakes: We Have a Scientific and Fiscal Obligation to Publish Failed Results

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Levinn ◽  
Michael Pluth
Keyword(s):  
Financial Resources ◽  
Scientific Publishing ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Scientific Advances

<p>By only publishing the positive and successful results of our research, we as a field are limiting scientific advances and exercising poor stewardship of financial resources. By moving toward norms that include disseminating failed, unexpected, and tangential results, we have the opportunity to not only increase the efficiency of science, but also advance new discoveries. Of the broad scientific disciplines, chemistry in particular is poised to take advantage of already-existing, relatively low-barrier approaches to change the scientific publishing culture.</p>

scholarly journals Predictive Ecology: a Re-imagined Foundation and Toolkit for Ecological Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliot McIntrie ◽  
Alex Chubaty ◽  
Steve Cumming ◽  
David Andison ◽  
Ceres Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Statistical Simulation ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Policy Integration ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Predictive Approach ◽  
Scientific Advances

Prediction from models and data in Ecology has a long history and can be made from many types of statistical, simulation, and other classes of models. To date, our ability to use the predictive approach as a tool for developing, validating, updating, integrating and applying models across scientific disciplines and to influence management decisions, policies and the public has been hampered by disparate perspectives on prediction and inadequate tools. We present a coherent perspective that follows a Predictive Ecology approach based on 5 principles: Reusable, Freely available and Interoperable models, built around a Continuous workflow, which are Tested automatically (PERFICT). We describe the SpaDES toolkit that helps implement these principles. We outline some benefits for society of working with these principles, including 1) speeding up scientific advances; 2) data science advances; and 3) improving science-policy integration.

scholarly journals Western ideological homogeneity in entrepreneurial finance research: Evidence from highly cited publications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Thanh Huyen ◽  
Thanh-Hang Pham ◽  
Manh-Toan Ho ◽  
Quan-Hoang Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Entrepreneurial Finance ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Global Presence ◽  
Highly Cited

Entrepreneurs play crucial roles in global sustainable development, but limited financial resources constrain their performance and survival rate. Entrepreneurial finance discipline is, therefore, born to explore the connection between finance and entrepreneurship. Despite the global presence of entrepreneurship, the literature of entrepreneurial finance is suspected to be Western ideologically homogenous. Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the existence of Western ideological homogeneity in entrepreneurial finance literature. Employing the mindsponge mechanism and bibliometric analyses (Y-index and social structure), we analyze 412 highly cited publications extracted from Web of Science database and find Western ideological dominance as well as weak tolerance towards heterogeneity in the set of core ideologies of entrepreneurial finance. These results are consistent across author-, institution-, and country-levels, which reveals strong evidence for the existence of Western ideological homogeneity in the field. We recommend editors, reviewers, and authors to have proactive actions to diversify research topics and enhancing knowledge exchange to avoid the shortfalls of ideological homogeneity. Moreover, the synthesis of mindsponge mechanism and bibliometric analyses are suggested as a possible way to evaluate the state of ideological diversity in other scientific disciplines.

scholarly journals Assessing the ideological homogeneity in entrepreneurial finance research by highly cited publications

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽  
Huyen Thanh T. Nguyen ◽  
Thanh-Hang Pham ◽  
Manh-Toan Ho ◽  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Entrepreneurial Finance ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Global Presence ◽  
Level Institution ◽  
Highly Cited

AbstractEntrepreneurs play crucial roles in global sustainable development, but limited financial resources constrain their performance and survival rate. Despite the global presence of entrepreneurship, the literature of entrepreneurial finance is suspected to be Western ideologically homogenous. Thus, this study aims at examining this phenomenon by employing the mindsponge mechanism and bibliometric analyses. 412 highly cited publications extracted from the Web of Science database are analyzed to find Western ideological dominance and low tolerance towards heterogeneity in entrepreneurial finance’s core ideologies. The dominance and low tolerance are consistent across author level, institution level, and country level, revealing strong evidence for the existence of Western ideological homogeneity. We recommend editors, reviewers, and authors diversify research topics proactively and enhance knowledge exchange to avoid shortfalls of ideological homogeneity. Moreover, the synthesis of the mindsponge mechanism and bibliometric analyses are suggested as a possible way to evaluate the state of ideological diversity in other scientific disciplines.

Novel scientific methods in court

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357
Author(s):  
Lucina Hackman ◽  
Niamh Nic Daeid
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Unintended Consequence ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Scientific Domain ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Scientific Advances

In recent decades the use of forensic science in investigations and therefore its subsequent presentation within the courts has increased exponentially, fuelled by an increase in scientific advances, development of databases and greater access to scientists and their expertise. This explosion in the use of forensic evidence has not been limited to one single scientific domain, as there are a broad range of scientific disciplines, encompassed by the general umbrella term' forensic science'. Many of these involve commonly applied methodologies and are accepted by the courts with limited scrutiny. Where tensions exist concerning the use of science in the courtroom is when novel or emerging sciences and scientific techniques are introduced. This may be particularly evident when the demands of the investigatory phase, where those working want to apply all possible tools at their disposal to gather as much evidence as possible and the needs of the courts, where the evidence must scientifically robust and admissible for it to be presented before a jury, come together. This paper examines the implications for the court for emerging or novel sciences and scientific techniques. In such cases, the potential rewards of implementing the scientific process and the information these may contribute to an investigation provides a temptation to investigators to push for their operational use, with the unintended consequence of posing an issue to the court when considering whether to admit the evidence into the judicial process.

scholarly journals Scientific Publishing: Education as the Key Enabler for the Transition to Open Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Pagliaro
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Scientific Publishing ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Publishing Education ◽  
Young Researchers

After showing how the advent of the internet, in an almost opposite fashion to what happened to newspaper publishing, has led to further flourishing of the $25 billion scholarly publishing industry, I show how the unexpected expansion of preprints to all scientific disciplines beyond physics, mathematics and computer science is actually reshaping scientific communication at large and then, inevitably, scientific publishing. I thus provide arguments substantiating my viewpoint on why and how expanding the education of today&rsquo;s students and young researchers to include modern scholarly communication will be instrumental for the transition to open science.

scholarly journals Western ideological homogeneity in entrepreneurial finance research: Evidence from highly cited publications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Thanh-Hang Pham ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Thanh Huyen ◽  
Manh-Toan Ho ◽  
Quan-Hoang Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Entrepreneurial Finance ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Global Presence ◽  
Highly Cited

Entrepreneurs play crucial roles in global sustainable development, but limited financial resources constrain their performance and survival rate. Entrepreneurial finance discipline is, therefore, born to explore the connection between finance and entrepreneurship. Despite the global presence of entrepreneurship, the literature of entrepreneurial finance is suspected to be Western ideologically homogenous. Thus, the objective of this study is to examine the existence of Western ideological homogeneity in entrepreneurial finance literature. Employing the mindsponge mechanism and bibliometric analyses (Y-index and social structure), we analyze 412 highly cited publications extracted from Web of Science database and find Western ideological dominance as well as weak tolerance towards heterogeneity in the set of core ideologies of entrepreneurial finance. These results are consistent across author-, institution-, and country-levels, which reveals strong evidence for the existence of Western ideological homogeneity in the field. We recommend editors, reviewers, and authors to have proactive actions to diversify research topics and enhancing knowledge exchange to avoid the shortfalls of ideological homogeneity. Moreover, the synthesis of mindsponge mechanism and bibliometric analyses are suggested as a possible way to evaluate the state of ideological diversity in other scientific disciplines.

scholarly journals The social relevance and branding of geography

Geografie ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Matlovič ◽  
Kvetoslava Matlovičová
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
The Social ◽  
Further Development

The relevance of any scientific discipline specifies its position in the context of other scientific disciplines, which are, nowadays, competing more and more intensively for limited financial resources. The question of relevance can also become a question of survival and further development. When evaluating the social relevance of a scientific discipline it is helpful to differentiate between a science as a process and a science as an institution (so-called sciencing). In the first part of the article, we conceptualize the social relevance of geography and define and characterize its basic aspects. In the second part, we briefly present possibilities concerning a complex policy for the relevance of geography by branding.

Lauksaimniecības, meža un veterinārās zinātnes tekstu raksturojums lingvistiskā aspektā

2020 ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Dzintra Šulce ◽  
Dana Tihomirova
Keyword(s):  
Original Writing ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Veterinary Science ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Require Time ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Insight Into

Problems related to scientific language are being resolved in different ways currently, also within the project “Intra-lingual Aspects of the Latvian Scientific Language”. A total of 384 scientific articles in the agricultural, forestry, and veterinary science industry have been collected. This material not only allows us to make some conclusions about the problems regarding scientific language use in these disciplines but also gives insight into the overall research of scientific texts. The article highlights some essential linguistic aspects of scientific texts, for example, the structure of industry texts, means of expression, use of the special vocabulary, the linguistic quality of the texts, largely dependent on the work of editors and reviewers, but most directly on the responsibility of the authors themselves. The quality of any published work is influenced by the language used. Various types of deviations from the scientific style requirements have been detected in the industry texts, like misspellings and punctuation mistakes, inaccuracies, and lack of consistency even within a single collection of articles. The special vocabulary has a significant share in the texts – terms and professionalisms, various names used in the industry, symbols, and abbreviations, many of which are in original writing (usually in Latin). Although this type of writing is governed by international tradition, its use should not be exaggerated as such writing sometimes interferes with the perception of the content. Special word groups are closely related to the language of the industry. AntConc was used to search them, selecting such possible lexical units as keywords specific to the agricultural, forestry, and veterinary sciences. A dictionary of terminology is essential in working with the industrial texts. Unfortunately, such comprehensive dictionaries are not available in subsectors related to agriculture. Specialists point out that, over the years, a number of scientific disciplines have encountered major problems with the terminology that require time and financial resources to address them successfully.

Tadeusz Tomaszewski and His Theory of Action

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Materska
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
History Of

Tadeusz Tomaszewski, born in 1910, graduate of the Jan Kazimierz University, Lvov, doctor honoris causa of Marja Sklodowska-Curie University, Lublin, is an exceptional figure in the history of Polish psychology. His scientific accomplishments and organizational talents, multipled by the achievements of his students, had a decisive impact on the shape and prestige of Polish psychology among other scientific disciplines and determined the rank of Polish psychology in the international arena.

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