scholarly journals Leptin and leptin receptor evaluation in atherosclerotic plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1186-1192
Author(s):  
Diana A. Dimitrova ◽  
Ilya A. Mikhailov ◽  
Konstantin Yu. Tokarev ◽  
Marina S. Michurova ◽  
Anna M. Gorbacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Aortofemoral Bypass ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Local Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant predictor of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality. It is known that atherosclerosis occurs earlier in patients with diabetes, reducing the duration of their life. Leptin as well as other inflammatory markers can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with DM, participate in the development of a local inflammatory reaction. Aim. Determine the cells immunophenotype of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with diabetes. Materials and methods. We analyzed 24 patients (20 men and 4 women), who underwent aortofemoral bypass, femoral-tibial bypass or carotid endarterectomy. During the operation, a fragment of the arterial wall with an atherosclerotic plaque was obtained for further immunohistochemical studies. Five histologic plaque characteristics (CD68+, -SMA, CD34, leptin and leptin receptor) were compared. Results. No difference in the expression of CD68 (p=0.922), -SMA (p=0.192), CD34 (p=0.858), leptin receptor (p=0.741) and leptin (p=0.610) in atherosclerotic plaques were observed between patients with and without DM. The lack of significant differences between the two groups was possibly due to the small number of observations with DM. In particular, when assessing the expression of selected markers in atherosclerotic plaques, patients with DM showed significantly more leptin receptors than patients without DM (2160.716 and 1205.88 respectively); and also significantly less CD68+ (0.39 and 0.98 respectively) and -SMA+ (6.5 and 13.5 respectively). Conclusion. Based on the expression of CD68, -SMA, CD34, leptin receptor and leptin, no significant differences were observed in atherosclerotic plaque between patients with and without DM. At the same time, despite the limitations of the study (a small number of patients, moderate severity of DM, elderly patients in the DM group), we found a tendency in the increased number of leptin receptors and a decreased number of -SMA+, CD68+ in DM atherosclerotic plaques. Further study needed, taking into account the limitations of this work.

STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DOPPLER ULTRASOUND OF LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Arterial Lesions ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Objectives: Vascular Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive technique to rapidly detect lesions of the vessels in the lower extremities with high accuracy. The use of this technique for detecting early vascular damages in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 could help preventing major vascular complications caused by this disease. Materials and Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 31 patients with type 2 DM who were treated in Endocrinology - Neurology - Respiratory Department, Hue Central Hospital between March and August 2011. All patients were undergone clinical and biochemical examinations, and Doppler ultrasound for detection of arterial lesions in their lower extremities. Results: Most patients had high intima media thickness (IMT) (77.42%), and all of them suffered from hypertension concomitant, with the rate of atherosclerotic plaque accounted for 35.48%. No one experienced arterial stenosis >50% and arterial occlusions, but the peak systolic velocities were significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic plaques than those without atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusion: Vascular Doppler ultrasound should be used as routine test for early detection of arterial lesions in patients with type 2 DM.

scholarly journals Quantitative Color Fundus Autofluorescence in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Stela Vujosevic ◽  
Caterina Toma ◽  
Paolo Nucci ◽  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
Stefano De Cillà
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Retinal Disease ◽  
Metabolic Evaluation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Custom Software ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Present Pilot Study

A new short wavelength confocal blue-light 450 nm-fundus autofluorescence (color-FAF) allows for visualization of minor fluorophores (e.g., advanced glycation end products, AGEs), besides lipofuscin. The aim of the present pilot study was to quantitatively evaluate color-FAF in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and to correlate these data with different stages of retinal disease severity. Optical coherence tomography and color-FAF images of 193 patients/eyes and 18 controls were analyzed using a custom software for quantification of the long (red) and short (green) wavelength components of the emission spectrum (REFC/GEFC). Measurements were performed in nine quadrants of the 6-mm ETDRS macular grid. Foveal GEFC and REFC intensities were higher in patients with DM compared to controls (p = 0.015 and p = 0.006 respectively) and in eyes with center involving diabetic macular edema (DME) compared to eyes without DME (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between GEFC and REFC intensities and central retinal thickness, r = 0.37 (p < 0.001) and r = 0.42 (p < 0.001), respectively. No differences were found in color-FAF among different DR severity groups. Quantitative color-FAF could become helpful for the metabolic evaluation of retina in patients with DM and in DME; however, further histologic and immunohistochemical studies on distribution of different retinal fluorophores in DM are needed to better understand its role.

scholarly journals VITAMINS. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
S. V. Podachina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Hyperglycemia is a major cause of complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Since the optimal level of glycemic control is achieved only in a small number of patients with diabetes mellitus, additional methods of prevention and treatment of complications are strongly recommended. The focus of healthcare specialists is increasing on substances that can affect intracellular pathological processes associated with hyperglycemia. Such drugs or agents include certain vitamins and minerals.

SWEETWISE: developing a multi-professional approach to diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Amrit Takhar ◽  
Jenny Herbert ◽  
Rosemary Plum ◽  
Mukesh Lad ◽  
Deborah Manger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
Professional Network ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Patient Advice ◽  
Audit Project ◽  
Improve Health

The formation of a local joint professional network (LJPN) in Northamptonshire has led to a joint Continuing professional development initiative and an audit project to determine the take up of annual health checks by patients with diabetes mellitus with dentists, optometrists, pharmacists as well as the usual check with the General Medical Practice team. The findings showed that a significant number of patients (29–50%) do not access available dental, optometry and pharmacy advice. Better collaboration between the professions has the potential to improve health outcomes in diabetes mellitus and other areas where lifestyle modification reduces adverse health risks. A patient advice card (SWEETWISE) was developed by the group and could be used to help educate patients and health professionals.

Metformin in diabetic pancreatic cancer patients: Benefit or not—Multicenter experience.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15110-e15110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Esbah ◽  
Berna Oksuzoglu ◽  
Tulay Eren ◽  
Kaan Helvaci ◽  
Tunc Guler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Pancreas Cancer ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Pancreas Carcinoma ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Stage 1

e15110 Background: Risk factors for the pancreatic cancer are cigarette smoking, obesity, family history, chronic pancreatitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is associated with 2-3 fold increase in the risk of pancreas cancer development. Down-regulation of mTOR pathway which begins with the insulin signaling is the possible protective effect of metformin in the oncogenesis of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the use of metformin in diabetic pancreas cancer patients has an advantage or not. Methods: The data of 467 patients with the diagnosis of pancreas cancer in from 2003 to 2012 were analyzed, retrospectively. Results: Four hundred and sixty seven patients with the median age of 62 (20-85) were reviewed Median tumour size was 42 mm (14-145 mm). According to 2010 TNM staging, 23 patients had stage 1 (4.9%), 97 patients stage 2 (20.8%), 70 patients stage 3 (15%) and 277 patients had stage 4 disease (59.3%). Diabetes mellitus was detected in 173 (37%) patients. In this group 23 patients had stage 1 (4.9%), 97 patients stage 2 (20.8%), 70 patients stage 3 (15%) and 98 patients had stage 4 disease (56.6%). Thirty seven percent (64 patients) of the patients with diabetes were using metformin. Median time for metformin usage was 14±2,3 months. Median follow-up time was 7 months (1-88 months). Median overall survival (OS) of all pancreas cancer patients was 8 months. Surprisingly, median OS of diabetic pancreas cancer patients and non-diabetics was 9 and 8 months, respectively (statistically not significant). Median OS of diabetic patient subgroup who use metformin or not was 7 versus 10 months, respectively (statistically not significant). In the subgroup of stage 3 pancreatic cancer patients with diabetes mellitus, the median OS were 16 months and 10 months according to metformin usage or not, respectively (p=02). Conclusions: In this study, the median OS of diabetic pancreas cancer patients was superior from the non-diabetics. Multi-center prospective trials including large number of patients are needed to understand well enough the benefit of metformin in diabetic pancreas carcinoma patients.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Giardia Intestinalis in Dyspeptic and Diabetic Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Derviş Hakim ◽  
Şafak Kızıltaş ◽  
Hilmi Çiftçi ◽  
Şafak Göktaş ◽  
İlyas Tuncer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Healthy Persons

Background and Aims. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of Giardiasis in patients with dyspepsia and patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods. 400 patients and 100 healthy persons were included in this clinical prospective study. The number of patients in each group was equal, 200 dyspeptic and 200 diabetic, respectively. The antigen of G. lntestinalis was determined in the stool specimens by ELISA method. Results. The frequency of Giardiasis was 7% in dyspeptic and 15% in diabetic patients. There was no positive results in any of the healthy persons. There was a significant difference in prevalence rate of Giardiasis between patients with dyspepsia and diabetes mellitus (P<0.05). Conclusions. These results revealed that the prevalence of Giardiasis in dyspepsia and with diabetes mellitus was high in our country. This is the first study investigating the prevalence of Giardiasis in diabetic patients. To investigate Giardiasis in diabetic patients, who have dyspepsia or not, may be a good approach for public health.

scholarly journals Assessing efficacy of diabetes school using diabetes knowledge scale in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Bengur Taskiran ◽  
Guven Baris Cansu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Diabetes education, as an essential component of diabetes management, improves various aspects of diabetes mellitus including lowering Haemoglobin A1c. There is a number of surveys evaluating diabetes knowledge.Methods: The purpose of this study to measure diabetes knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus after a structured group education programme named as diabetes school. This study is an observational study and the design is a cohort study. The study took place in 2017-2018. The duration of follow-up is 4 weeks. Fifty-four patients aged over 18 with a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, who attended to the diabetes school education programme, were included to the study. Twenty-three patients participated in the true-false version of the revised Michigan diabetes knowledge questionnaire before and after the programme.Results: Twenty female and 3 male patients were aged 60.43±9.97 years. The scores improved significantly after the education programme (7.61±4.59 vs 12.39±3.35, p<0.0001). The number of patients correctly identifying more than half of the statements showed a steep increase after the programme (n=6, 26.0% vs n=17, 73.9%). Before education programme 13 had poor knowledge, 9 had moderate, and 1 had good knowledge. After completion 6 had poor knowledge, 11 had moderate, and 5 had good knowledge.Conclusions: Diabetes school is effective in improving diabetes knowledge in patients with diabetes mellitus. Revised Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire can be used to evaluated diabetes knowledge. It may aid to detect the subgroup of patients who are lack knowledge of various aspects of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Self Instructional Training Methods to Reduce Blood Glucose Levels Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 006-011
Author(s):  
Nian Afrian Nuari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
T Test ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
Instructional Training ◽  
Paired T Test

Blood glucose levels  uncontrolled is a problem that is often found in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. This has an impact on the health of the patient as it would appear some macrovascular and microvascular complications. Number of patients with DM in Indonesia has increased every year and only 50% of patients suffering from diabetes who are aware of, and around 30% of them take medication regularly. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of Self Instructional Training method on blood glucose levels of patients. The method used is pre experiment with purposive sampling technique and the sample size of 16 respondents. Measuring instrument used glucometers to measure blood glucose levels and analyzed with Paired T Test. Based on the results, the entire blood glucose levels before the intervention above 200 mg /dl. After Self Instructional Training Intervention average blood glucose level was 35.75 mg /dl. Blood glucose levels are highest when the post test was 253 mg /dl and the lowest is 197 mg /dl. Based on Paired T Test  analysis obtained Self Instructional Training interventions can reduce blood glucose levels of patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type II (p value = 0.000). Diabetes Mellitus patients expected to be able to apply the  SIT method to perform self-care so that the patient's blood glucose levels can be controlled. Patient can do this methods  at home and needed support from their  family and health professionals to treat the diseases.Keywords : Self, Instructional, Training, level, glucose, blood, DM

scholarly journals CLINICAL STUDY OF RETINOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH RISK FACTORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Kalpana Singh ◽  
Dr Dhiraj Balwir ◽  
Dr Jeetendra Singh ◽  
Dr Ruchita Raikar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Aim: To study the relationship between severity of diabetic retinopathy (PDR or NPDR) and systemic complications of diabetes mellitus such as Neuropathy, Nephropathy or Cardiovascular manifestation as hypertension. Methods and Materials: This prospective observational study of 100 patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy. Such patients were recruited as a part of the study and further examined for any other systemic abnormality as neuropathy, nephropathy or hypertension. Statistical Analysis: Chi square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. P value < 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Male: Female ratio of presence of diabetic retinopathy was 2.13: 1. The rate of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was 1.47 % in persons who had diabetes for less than 5 years to 7.35 % in persons who had diabetes more than 15 years. In our study, it was seen that nephropathy was present in 35.71 % cases with PDR as compared to 8.93% of cases with Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Conclusion: Our study showed that there is a significant correlation between severity of retinopathy and duration in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Maximum number of patients with Diabetes mellitus having cardiovascular involvement, had hypertension (68%).In patients suffering from neuropathy as a complication of DM, maximum number of patients had diabetic foot (56%).It was seen that the severity of diabetic retinopathy had some association with presence of nephropathy. Also it can be postulated that patients with severe NPDR and PDR have high risk of developing nephropathy than patients suffering with mild and moderate NPDR. Hence it can be recommended that all patients of diabetes mellitus suffering from clinically significant neuropathy, nephropathy or hypertension as a complication of diabetes should always be screened for presence of retinopathy. Further studies with larger sample size are to be conducted to further look into this association. Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, Diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, complications

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