Phytochemical and pharmacological review on Morinda citrifolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Jubilee R ◽  
Elakkiya M ◽  
Ganapathy P ◽  
Elakiya M ◽  
Dinesh Kumar V ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Immune Booster

Morinda citrifolia as the names suggests it is generally grown or harvested for fruits and the distribution of chemical constituents are also in other parts of the plants. The plant is native of South Asian countries and Western American lands in the pacific region. This plant has generally been used as a culinary vegetable and an edible fruit too and also considered as a natural immune booster and health enhancers. The plant was extracted to give most of the chemical constituents that possess anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, anti-tumour, antifungal, antiviral and anthelminthic activities. There had been significant uses that industries also employ as insecticidal agents and as chemical agents and catalyst. In this review, the details about the events, applications and studies that are performed on the plant were discussed.

Malaysia’s Posture in the Indo-Pacific Construct

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-191
Author(s):  
Tharishini Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Complex Theory ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wait And See ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

The Indo-Pacific (IP), the region covering the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Region, is concurrently shaping the posture of international affairs. As a littoral state and critical partner in the IP construct, Malaysia’s responses to this stance are inevitable due to its geostrategic location in the construct. This article argues that Malaysia’s posture vis-à-vis the IP as that of a ‘neutralist’. The discussion is divided into two sections. The first section describes weaknesses in the quadrilateral security dialogues (Quad) centrality using the features of regional security complex theory (RSCT). The second section discusses Malaysia’s neutrality vis-à-vis the IP construct. The article argues that, while opportunities can be seen in terms of strengthening the existing relations and tapping into new areas of partnership, Malaysia may face challenges in the form of marginalisation and entrapment. Apprehension is still prominent; therefore, the concept is in a ‘wait and see’ mode. The article concludes that the catalyst is found by drawing a more effective vision of the concept and is the key, particularly if the IP aspires to attract and appeal to Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia.

The State of Democracy in Asia and the Pacific 2021: Old Resilience, New Challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Collective Rights ◽  
Democracy Assistance ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Legal Constraints

The Covid-19 pandemic initially broke out in the Asia and the Pacific region in late 2019, with the first cases in Wuhan, China. The pandemic has served as a magnifier of pre-existing democratic strengths and weaknesses within governing systems around Asia and the Pacific. In the majority of cases, the region’s hybrid and authoritarian regimes tightened their grip on society in response to the pandemic. Quality of democracy continued to decline in number of region’s democracies. Despite these challenges, in its response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the Asia and the Pacific region has demonstrated impressive democratic resilience and innovation. In contrast to other regions, several countries already had legal and institutional frameworks in place tailored to dealing with global health emergencies and were able to activate these rapidly. Importantly, experiences by several Asian countries have highlighted the fact that such a crisis can be contained while respecting legal constraints and coordinating across an array of elected and unelected institutions. All democracies needed to balance between individual and collective rights. This Report provides lessons and recommendations that governments, political and civic actors, and international democracy assistance providers should consider in order to counter the concerning trends in the erosion of democracy, and to foster its resilience and deepening.

Russian tourist product: consumer expectations of interrnational tourists

10.12737/7464 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Татьяна Кривошеева ◽  
Tatiana Krivosheeva
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Transport Component ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
European Markets

This article presents the results of the analysis of preferences and motivations of tourists from the main existing and prospective tourist arrivals in Russia, which was conducted by the method of content analysis based on publications of the UNWTO, the World Bank, Eurostat, the European Union, the Federal State Statistics Service, the national tourism administrations, international tourism conferences, scientific and practical work. In the process of the study identified were two groups of research texts: a group of texts about the preferences and motivations of tourists from Europe and America, and a group of texts about the preferences and motivations of tourists from Asia. Results are also presented by geographical areas "Europe and America" and "Asian countries." The study was conducted with the aim of optimizing the preparation of proposals for the formation of the federal policy of promoting Russian tourist product. As a component of the result the author suggest a common approach to marketing efforts to promote Russian tourist product in the European markets and the markets of Asia and the Pacific Region. The approach is to identify priority types of tourism for potential consumers of Russian tourist product, to construct the ratings of distribution policy priorities in the allocation of key expectations from the stay in Russia for the purpose of tourism, to plan route networks and features of the transport component, as well as the to urgently reduce visa formalities for priority markets.

scholarly journals Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Toxicological Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Timalsina ◽  
Hari Prasad Devkota ◽  
Deepti Bhusal ◽  
Khaga Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
The People ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng. (Syn. Randia dumetorum (Retz.) Lam.), belonging to the Rubiaceae family, is distributed in south Asian countries. It is used as a traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal and hepatic problems and as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. The main aim of this review is to collect and analyze the available scientific information on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of C. spinosa. The scientific information related to C. spinosa was collected from various resources and databases such as SciFinder, Scopus, PubMed, and other databases. C. spinosa was found to be an important crude drug of the traditional medicinal systems such as Ayurveda. It was found to be used by the people of India as an alternative medicine, while the fruit of this plant was found to be used in dietary regimens as well. Active phytochemicals such as catunarosides, randianin, and several other saponins and triterpenoids possess various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities. Many studies have been performed to isolate the active compounds; however, there is a need for more activity-guided isolation studies. Various in vitro studies showed promising results but there are not many studies related to mechanism of actions using animal models. Hence, future studies on C. spinosa should focus on correlating the traditional uses with active phytoconstituents and modern pharmacological activities.

China will expand its reach in the Pacific Islands

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Competition ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Subject Strategic competition in the Pacific Islands. Significance The United States has extended its concept of an ‘Indo-Pacific region’ to include the Pacific Islands, while Beijing includes them in the Belt and Road Initiative. Strategic competition has arrived in a region long overlooked. Impacts Regional states will use China-Taiwan and China-US competition to their own advantage. New Zealand and Australia are trying to reinvent their role through assistance to combat natural disasters related to climate change. Japan will play a role in disaster relief too, and is the most likely alternative to China on infrastructure projects. India has less presence in the region but may have influence with some Pacific Islands with ethnic South Asian populations.

Studies on the chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory activities from Aquilaria sinensis

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Chen ◽  
TP Cheng ◽  
LC Hung ◽  
KL Liu ◽  
SL Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Aquilaria Sinensis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Wadhwa, Charan D. and MukulG. Asher (eds.). ASEAN-SOUTH ASIA Economic Relations. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1985. ix+384pp.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-338
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hussain Malik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Southeast Asian Studies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Policy Proposals

The need to enhance their economic relations with each other has long been felt by developing countries. However, their efforts in this regard have met with limited success. One of the reasons for this could be that not much serious work has been done to understand the complexities and possibilities of economic relations of developing countries. The complementarities which exist among the economies of these countries remain relatively unexplored. There is a lack of concrete policy proposals which developing countries may follow to achieve their often proclaimed objective of collective self-reliance. All this needs serious and rigorous research efforts. In this perspective, the present study can be considered as a step in the right direction. It examines trade and other economic relations of developing countries of two regions of Asia-South Asian countries and member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The study also explores ways and means to improve economic relations among these countries

Religion and Female-Male Ratios in India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Narayan
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Countries

The data is largely based on Census records from 1881 to 2011 of South Asian countries especially India, disaggregated by sex, age and religion.

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