scholarly journals Identification of anticancer activity of phytoconstituents from mangrove

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 791-794
Author(s):  
Sheela Devi A ◽  
Joseph J ◽  
Bhuvaneshwari V
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Strategy

Medicinal plants from the marine ecosystem are a rich source of medicinal plants having a potential for miracle drugs. It is clear from the observation that the local inhabitants of Pichavaram mangrove forest have excellent knowledge about the phytomedicine. Thus they have developed their traditional system of utilizing these mangroves for medicinal purposes. Cancer is the name given to a collection of related and multistep disease. In all types of cancer, a few of the body's cells begin to divide without stopping and spread into the surrounding. It is developed by environmental, physical, chemical, metabolic and genetic factors. In this study, methanol was used to prepare an extract from A. marina leaves and screened for anticancer activity. The phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin and tannin present in the extract were quantified, and anticancer activity of the same was identified. Further, the apoptotic cell death effect of methanol extract on the Hela cell line was determined. The flavonoids of A. marina showed higher anti-cancer activity on Hela cells followed by tannin, alkaloids and saponin. The result of the apoptotic cell death effect of A. marina may provide an effective therapeutic strategy against cervical cancer. Finally, it is concluded that the extract of A. marina exhibited anticancer activity.

Apoptosis And Resistance To Anti-Microtubule Agents

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1036-1037
Author(s):  
M. C. Willingham
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
M Phase ◽  
Target Treatment ◽  
Microtubule Networks

Several clinically important anti-cancer agents exert their effects on tumor cells through interference with the function of microtubules. In addition to the Vinca alkaloids, such as vinblastine and vincristine, the taxanes, such as paclitaxel (Trade Name: Taxol), kill tumor cells through a microtubular target. Treatment with taxol leads to the inability of microtubules to depolymerize, leading to the formation of large intracellular microtubular bundles. In tumor cells that progress through the cell cycle, this leads to the inability of these cells to disassembly interphase microtubule networks and a failure to form functional mitotic spindles. These cells arrest in M phase, from which they eventually progress, either by the induction of apoptotic cell death, or by micronucleation and the formation of tetraploid cells. There is also the possibility that taxol has other effects on the regulation of genes or other systems to enhance cell killing, perhaps through lowering the threshold of cells to the induction of apoptotic cell death.

scholarly journals Opportunities for Ferroptosis in Cancer Therapy

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 986
Author(s):  
Kenji M. Fujihara ◽  
Bonnie Z. Zhang ◽  
Nicholas J. Clemons
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Anti Cancer

A critical hallmark of cancer cells is their ability to evade programmed apoptotic cell death. Consequently, resistance to anti-cancer therapeutics is a hurdle often observed in the clinic. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death distinguished by toxic lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation, has garnered substantial attention as an alternative therapeutic strategy to selectively destroy tumours. Although there is a plethora of research outlining the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, these findings are yet to be translated into clinical compounds inducing ferroptosis. In this perspective, we elaborate on how ferroptosis can be leveraged in the clinic. We discuss a therapeutic window for compounds inducing ferroptosis, the subset of tumour types that are most sensitive to ferroptosis, conventional therapeutics that induce ferroptosis, and potential strategies for lowering the threshold for ferroptosis.

scholarly journals Combination of Arsenic Trioxide and Valproic Acid Efficiently Inhibits Growth of Lung Cancer Cells via G2/M-Phase Arrest and Apoptotic Cell Death

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2649
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyung Park ◽  
Bo Ram Han ◽  
Woo Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Phase Arrest ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
M Phase

Arsenic trioxide (ATO; As2O3) has anti-cancer effects in various solid tumors as well as hematological malignancy. Valproic acid (VPA), which is known to be a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has also anti-cancer properties in several cancer cells including lung cancer cells. Combined treatment of ATO and VPA (ATO/VPA) could synergistically enhance anti-cancer effects and reduce ATO toxicity ATO. In this study, the combined anti-cancer effects of ATO and VPA (ATO/VPA) was investigated in NCI-H460 and NCI-H1299 lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. A combination of 3 μM ATO and 3 mM VPA (ATO/VPA) strongly inhibited the growths of both lung cancer cell types. DNA flow cytometry indicated that ATO/VPA significantly induced G2/M-phase arrest in both cell lines. In addition, ATO/VPA strongly increased the percentages of sub-G1 cells and annexin V-FITC positive cells in both cells. However, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from cells was not increased in ATO/VPA-treated cells. In addition, ATO/VPA increased apoptosis in both cell types, accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ∆Ψm), activation of caspases, and cleavage of anti-poly ADP ribose polymerase-1. Moreover, a pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD, significantly reduced apoptotic cell death induced by ATO/VPA. In the xenograft model, ATO/VPA synergistically inhibited growth of NCI-H460-derived xenograft tumors. In conclusion, the combination of ATO/VPA effectively inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells through G2/M-phase arrest and apoptotic cell death, and had a synergistic antitumor effect in vivo.

Dual Anticancer Activity of 8-Cl-cAMP: Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death

2000 ◽  
Vol 273 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Nyun Kim ◽  
Sang Gyun Kim ◽  
Jin Hyun Park ◽  
Myung Ae Lee ◽  
Sang Dai Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death

scholarly journals Non-Apoptotic Cell Death Signaling Pathways in Melanoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz L. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cell Death Signaling

Resisting cell death is a hallmark of cancer. Disturbances in the execution of cell death programs promote carcinogenesis and survival of cancer cells under unfavorable conditions, including exposition to anti-cancer therapies. Specific modalities of regulated cell death (RCD) have been classified based on different criteria, including morphological features, biochemical alterations and immunological consequences. Although melanoma cells are broadly equipped with the anti-apoptotic machinery and recurrent genetic alterations in the components of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling markedly contribute to the pro-survival phenotype of melanoma, the roles of autophagy-dependent cell death, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and parthanatos have recently gained great interest. These signaling cascades are involved in melanoma cell response and resistance to the therapeutics used in the clinic, including inhibitors of BRAFmut and MEK1/2, and immunotherapy. In addition, the relationships between sensitivity to non-apoptotic cell death routes and specific cell phenotypes have been demonstrated, suggesting that plasticity of melanoma cells can be exploited to modulate response of these cells to different cell death stimuli. In this review, the current knowledge on the non-apoptotic cell death signaling pathways in melanoma cell biology and response to anti-cancer drugs has been discussed.

scholarly journals Investigation of the anti-cancer and apoptotic properties of aqueous extract from fermented African locust bean seeds

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
R.A. Ayo-Lawal ◽  
N.R. Sibuyi ◽  
O. Ekpo ◽  
M. Meyer ◽  
O. Osoniyi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hep G2 ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Locust Bean ◽  
African Locust Bean

Some fermented foods are reported to possess anti-cancer properties. Fermented African locust bean seeds is a condiment prepared from fermentation of Parkia biglobosa. It has been reportedly functional for various medicinal activities but not anti-cancer. The cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing properties of the aqueous extract of the condiment were investigated in human cancer - hepatocellular (Hep-G2) and cervical (HeLa) and noncancer cell lines. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and clonogenic cell survival assays. Apoptotic cell death and DNA fragmentation were also investigated. The results revealed cytotoxicity to both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) and selective activities between cancer and non-cancer cells. The IC50 values were 1.3 and 0.5 mg/mL for Hep-G2 and HeLa cells respectively. Furthermore, the extract induced apoptotic cell death in only Hep -G2 (73.03±0.73) cells. The morphologic photomicrographs correlated well with other findings, indicating the cell-specific cytotoxicity of the condiment

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