Interleukin 15 and granulocytes colony stimulating factor levels in relation to ICSI outcome in subfertile PCOS women

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome constitutes a complex heterogeneous disorder, considered one of the leading cause of delayed conception in women. Serum and follicular fluid cytokines are subject of extensive studies to identify their role in subfertility with controversial results. This study was aimed to evaluate the relation of Granulocytes Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Interleukin 15 (IL 15) levels to ovarian response and ICSI outcome in PCOS women undergoing ICSI. This cross-sectional study conducted at High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technique and Baghdad IVF Private Centre. Which include 80 women divided into two groups: 40 PCOS women without other causes of subfertility and 40 non PCOS women with other causes of subfertility. Ovarian hormonal stimulation conducted according to GnRH antagonist protocol, then serum & follicular fluid obtained at the day of oocyte retrieval for measurement of G-CSF & IL 15 concentration measured by ELISA method, then statistical analysis is used to correlate the concentration of the cytokine with follicle number, retrieved oocyte number, oocyte maturity, number of 2PN oocytes, number of grade1 embryones, biochemical pregnancies and clinical pregnancy rates. The results of currents study revealed that Serum estradiol (E2) on hCG day was (2238.70 ±468.95 vs. 1997.40 ±291.95 pg/ml), endometrial thickness (10.80 ±1.49 vs. 10.24 ±0.98 mm), total follicle number (15.53 ±3.86 versus 12.43 ±2.25), oocyte number (13.03 ±3.10 vs. 9.83 ±1.52), mature oocyte (MII) number (9.48 ±2.45 vs. 7.75 ±1.48) mean number of fertilized oocytes (2PN) was (6.25 ±1.41 vs. 5.35 ±1.08), being higher in PCOS women compared to the control group. On day of oocytes retrieval, both median level of serum G-CSF (54.30) (35.35) and follicular G-CSF (59.00) (38.72) levels were significantly higher in PCOS than control groups, while there was no significant difference in median level of serum IL15 (59.10) (17.75) and median level of follicular IL-15(61.40) (16.00) between PCOS and control groups. The study concluded that in spite of higher levels of G-CSF and IL15 in serum and follicular fluid of PCOS women, a relation between G-CSF and IL15 with ovarian response could not be established in comparison to control group, however, both (G-CSF and IL15) may be a predictor of pregnancy among the same group of women both PCOS and controls.

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Effect of intrauterine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor administration on in vitro fertilization outcome in women with moderate-to-severe endometriosis: An RCT

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v19i8.9621 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 733-740

Author(s):

Ladan Kashani ◽

Ashraf Moini ◽

Tayebeh Esfidani ◽

Nazila Yamini ◽

Shima Mohiti

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Fertilization ◽

Clinical Pregnancy ◽

Control Group ◽

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Vitro Fertilization ◽

Infertile Women ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stimulating Factor

Background: Nearly 25-50% of infertile women have endometriosis. There are reports of disorders in the expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptors in women with endometriosis. Objective: To examine the effect of intrauterine administration of G-CSF in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles on the fertility rate of infertile women with moderate-to-severe endometriosis. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 66 infertile women with moderate-to-severe endometriosis, undergoing IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The participants were allocated into two groups via simple randomization: the G-CSF (n = 27) and control (n = 39) groups. In the G-CSF intervention group, on the oocyte pick-up day, immediately after an ovarian puncture, 300 μg of G-CSF was injected through a transcervical catheter under abdominal ultrasound guide to visualize flushing into the uterine cavity. Women in the control group received no intervention. The two groups were evaluated for clinical pregnancy. Results: No significant difference was noted in the demographic characteristics of the two groups. The rate of clinical pregnancy was 28.2% in the control group and 25.9% in the G-CSF group, indicating no significant difference (p = 0.83). Conclusion: The results showed that the intrauterine injection of G-CSF had no effects on pregnancy in women with stage-3/4 endometriosis undergoing IVF. Key words: G-CSF, In vitro fertilization, Endometriosis, Pregnancy.

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Effect of recombinant canine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on hematopoietic recovery after otherwise lethal total body irradiation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v83.7.1963.bloodjournal8371963 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 83 (7) ◽

pp. 1963-1970

Author(s):

RA Nash ◽

FG Schuening ◽

K Seidel ◽

FR Appelbaum ◽

T Boone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Body Irradiation ◽

Control Group ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Hematopoietic Recovery ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Macrophage Colony ◽

Total Body ◽

Stimulating Factor

Recombinant canine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rcGM-CSF) was studied in normal dogs and in dogs receiving otherwise lethal total body irradiation (TBI) without marrow transplant. Five normal dogs receiving 25 micrograms/kg of rcGM-CSF by subcutaneous (SC) injection twice daily (BID) for 14 days showed increases in peripheral blood neutrophil counts of three to five times the baseline. Platelet counts decreased during administration of rcGM-CSF to a mean nadir of 52,800. Ten dogs received 400 cGy TBI at 10 cGy/min from two opposing 60Co sources and no marrow graft. Within 2 hours of TBI, rcGM-CSF was begun at a dose of 50 micrograms/kg SC BID for 5 doses and then continued at 25 micrograms/kg SC BID for 21 days. Only 1 of the 10 dogs receiving rcGM-CSF survived with complete and sustained recovery of hematopoiesis. One of 13 historical control dogs survived after 400 cGy with no hematopoietic growth factor or marrow infusion. Results with rcGM-CSF were compared with previous and concurrent data with G-CSF studied in the same model. Of 10 dogs receiving G-CSF, 8 survived with complete and sustained hematopoietic recovery, a significantly better survival than that seen with rcGM-CSF (P = .006). Neutrophil counts were sustained at higher levels after TBI for the first 18 days in the G-CSF group (P < .016) and the neutrophil nadirs were higher. No differences in neutrophil nadirs were noted between the rcGM-CSF and control groups. Dogs treated with rcGM-CSF experienced a more rapid decline of platelet counts than G-CSF-treated or control dogs over the first 18 days (P < .001). The nadir of the platelet count was higher in the control group than in either the G-CSF or rcGM-CSF group and no significant difference was observed between the G-CSF and rcGM-CSF groups. After otherwise lethal TBI (400 cGy) in dogs, rcGM-CSF was not effective in promoting hematopoietic recovery or improving survival.

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Effect of recombinant canine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on hematopoietic recovery after otherwise lethal total body irradiation

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v83.7.1963.1963 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 83 (7) ◽

pp. 1963-1970 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

RA Nash ◽

FG Schuening ◽

K Seidel ◽

FR Appelbaum ◽

T Boone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Body Irradiation ◽

Control Group ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Hematopoietic Recovery ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Macrophage Colony ◽

Total Body ◽

Stimulating Factor

Abstract Recombinant canine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rcGM-CSF) was studied in normal dogs and in dogs receiving otherwise lethal total body irradiation (TBI) without marrow transplant. Five normal dogs receiving 25 micrograms/kg of rcGM-CSF by subcutaneous (SC) injection twice daily (BID) for 14 days showed increases in peripheral blood neutrophil counts of three to five times the baseline. Platelet counts decreased during administration of rcGM-CSF to a mean nadir of 52,800. Ten dogs received 400 cGy TBI at 10 cGy/min from two opposing 60Co sources and no marrow graft. Within 2 hours of TBI, rcGM-CSF was begun at a dose of 50 micrograms/kg SC BID for 5 doses and then continued at 25 micrograms/kg SC BID for 21 days. Only 1 of the 10 dogs receiving rcGM-CSF survived with complete and sustained recovery of hematopoiesis. One of 13 historical control dogs survived after 400 cGy with no hematopoietic growth factor or marrow infusion. Results with rcGM-CSF were compared with previous and concurrent data with G-CSF studied in the same model. Of 10 dogs receiving G-CSF, 8 survived with complete and sustained hematopoietic recovery, a significantly better survival than that seen with rcGM-CSF (P = .006). Neutrophil counts were sustained at higher levels after TBI for the first 18 days in the G-CSF group (P < .016) and the neutrophil nadirs were higher. No differences in neutrophil nadirs were noted between the rcGM-CSF and control groups. Dogs treated with rcGM-CSF experienced a more rapid decline of platelet counts than G-CSF-treated or control dogs over the first 18 days (P < .001). The nadir of the platelet count was higher in the control group than in either the G-CSF or rcGM-CSF group and no significant difference was observed between the G-CSF and rcGM-CSF groups. After otherwise lethal TBI (400 cGy) in dogs, rcGM-CSF was not effective in promoting hematopoietic recovery or improving survival.

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Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v1i1.5850 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Nazli Zainuddin ◽

Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽

Rosdan Salim

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Side Effects ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Test Group ◽

Nasal Symptom ◽

Control Group ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

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Impact of intrawound vancomycin powder on prevention of surgical site infection after posterior spinal surgery

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2020.8.spine20992 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Hiroki Ushirozako ◽

Tomohiko Hasegawa ◽

Yu Yamato ◽

Go Yoshida ◽

Tatsuya Yasuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Propensity Score ◽

Spinal Surgery ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Propensity Score Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Surgical Data ◽

Vancomycin Powder ◽

Vancomycin Group ◽

And Control

OBJECTIVESurgical site infection (SSI) after posterior spinal surgery is one of the severe complications that may occur despite administration of prophylactic antibiotics and the use of intraoperative aseptic precautions. The use of intrawound vancomycin powder for SSI prevention is still controversial, with a lack of high-quality and large-scale studies. The purpose of this retrospective study using a propensity score–matched analysis was to clarify whether intrawound vancomycin powder prevents SSI occurrence after spinal surgery.METHODSThe authors analyzed 1261 adult patients who underwent posterior spinal surgery between 2010 and 2018 (mean age 62.3 years; 506 men, 755 women; follow-up period at least 1 year). Baseline and surgical data were assessed. After a preliminary analysis, a propensity score model was established with adjustments for age, sex, type of disease, and previously reported risk factors for SSI. The SSI rates were compared between patients with intrawound vancomycin powder treatment (vancomycin group) and those without (control group).RESULTSIn a preliminary analysis of 1261 unmatched patients (623 patients in the vancomycin group and 638 patients in the control group), there were significant differences between the groups in age (p = 0.041), body mass index (p = 0.013), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (p < 0.001), malnutrition (p = 0.001), revision status (p < 0.001), use of steroids (p = 0.019), use of anticoagulation (p = 0.033), length of surgery (p = 0.003), estimated blood loss (p < 0.001), and use of instrumentation (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in SSI rates between the vancomycin and control groups (21 SSIs [3.4%] vs 33 SSIs [5.2%]; OR 0.640, 95% CI 0.368–1.111; p = 0.114). Using a one-to-one propensity score–matched analysis, 444 pairs of patients from the vancomycin and control groups were selected. There was no significant difference in the baseline and surgical data, except for height (p = 0.046), between both groups. The C-statistic for the propensity score model was 0.702. In the score-matched analysis, 12 (2.7%) and 24 (5.4%) patients in the vancomycin and control groups, respectively, developed SSIs (OR 0.486, 95% CI 0.243–0.972; p = 0.041). There were no systemic complications related to the use of vancomycin.CONCLUSIONSThe current study showed that intrawound vancomycin powder was useful in reducing the risk of SSI after posterior spinal surgery by half, without adverse events. Intrawound vancomycin powder use is a safe and effective procedure for SSI prevention.

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Therapeutic effects of coronary granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on rats with chronic ischemic heart disease

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.1515/biol-2020-0078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 742-752

Author(s):

Pengcheng Ren ◽

Ming Zhang ◽

Shuren Dai

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Colony Stimulating Factor ◽

Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Stimulating Factor

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of coronary granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on rats with chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD).MethodsThirty healthy rats were randomly divided into control, subcutaneous and intracoronary G-CSF injection groups (n = 10) after the CIHD model was established. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial injury area, myocardial perfusion area and viable myocardium were observed by coronary angiography, dual-isotopic myocardial imaging and first-pass delayed myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before modeling as well as 2 and 4 weeks after surgery.ResultsThe peak times of peripheral blood and subcutaneous G-CSF levels were 3 and 5 days after mobilization, respectively. The peripheral blood CD34+/CD133+ cell ratio of subcutaneous or intracoronary G-CSF injection group significantly exceeded that of the control group (P < 0.05). The distal stenosis degrees of target lesions in subcutaneous and intracoronary G-CSF injection groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the situation before mobilization, LVEF was significantly improved after 2 weeks in intracoronary and subcutaneous G-CSF injection groups (P < 0.01). Their infarcted myocardial areas were reduced, the left ventricular remodeling was relieved, the percentage of viable myocardium was increased, angiogenesis was promoted and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was inhibited.ConclusionIntracoronary G-CSF injection is safe and effective as subcutaneous injection, improving the cardiac function of CIHD rats.

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Thyroid Functions in Children on Levetiracetam or Valproic Acid Therapy

Journal of Pediatric Epilepsy ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1716916 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elif Karatoprak ◽

Samet Paksoy

Keyword(s):

Valproic Acid ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Control Group ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Control Groups ◽

Acid Therapy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Tsh Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the thyroid functions in children receiving levetiracetam or valproate monotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of children with controlled epilepsy receiving valproic acid (VPA group) or levetiracetam monotherapy (LEV group) for at least 6 months. Free thyroxine 4 levels (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared between VPA group, LEV group, and age- and gender-matched healthy children (control group). A total of 190 children were included in the study: 63 were in the VPA, 60 in the LEV, and 67 in the control group. Although there was no significant difference regarding average fT4 levels, higher TSH levels were found in the VPA group when compared with the LEV and control groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in terms of fT4 and TSH values in the LEV group when compared with the control group (p = 0.56 and p = 0.61, respectively). Subclinical hypothyroidism (defined as a TSH level above 5 uIU/mL with a normal fT4 level was detected in 16% of patients in the VPA group, none in the LEV and control groups. Our study found that VPA therapy is associated with an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism while LEV had no effect on thyroid function tests.

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Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Mangosteen and Propolis Extracted Complex in Patients with Gingivitis: A Multi-Centered Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2604

Author(s):

Jin-Young Park ◽

Kyung-A Ko ◽

Ji-Yeong Lee ◽

Jae-Woon Oh ◽

Hyun-Chang Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Control Groups ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Reported ◽

And Control

Background: Mangosteen and propolis extracts (MAEC) have been potential therapeutic agents known to exhibit powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of MAEC as well as safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) on gingivitis and incipient periodontitis. Methods: This study was performed on 104 patients diagnosed with gingivitis or incipient periodontitis. At baseline, the participants were randomly allocated to either the test group, with daily intake of a single capsule containing 194 mg of MAEC for eight weeks, or control group, with placebo. Clinical periodontal evaluation and immunological parameters from saliva and gingival sulcular fluid were assessed at baseline, four, and eight weeks. Individual PROMs were assessed by OHIP-14 questionnaires. Results: There was a significant difference of modified gingival index at four and eight weeks between the test and control groups. In the test group, crevicular interleukin (IL)-6 was reduced, and the salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was increased after eight weeks. PROMs were improved up to four weeks compared to placebo. Conclusion: Oral administration of MAEC would have a potential to reduce gingival inflammation clinically and immunologically in the patients with gingivitis and incipient periodontitis.

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The Baby Shark (Songs Heard Affecting Resuscitation Kinetics) study

BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning ◽

10.1136/bmjstel-2020-000657 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bmjstel-2020-000657

Author(s):

Rebecca Singer ◽

Grace Leo ◽

Tessa Davis ◽

Ben Lawton ◽

Henry Goldstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Target Zone ◽

Compression Depth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Overall Performance ◽

The Mean ◽

Training Exercises ◽

And Control ◽

Musical Cues

Previous research has examined the utilisation of musical cues to improve the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delivered in training environments. We postulated a musical cue that is both contemporary and transcends cultures may improve CPR performance. Our aim was to establish whether chest compressions are performed with improved rate and depth if a song of a fixed beat (PinkFong’s ‘Baby Shark’ with a tempo of 115 beats per minute (bpm) and 15 beats in each verse) is played to a healthcare professional immediately before undertaking CPR compared to whale noises (a non-metronomic rhythm). 58 Participants of a paediatric conference (majority doctors) were randomly assigned to listen to a minute of Baby Shark (28) or whale song (30) and then undertake a minute of CPR. There was no significant difference in the mean compression rate between the Baby Shark and control groups, with the groups achieving 121 and 125 bpm, respectively (p=0.18). In relation to compression depth within the target zone, the Baby Shark group had more compressions completed within the target zone (55%) than the control group (39%) although this difference was not significant (p=0.08). Listening to Baby Shark prior to undertaking simulated CPR does not improve overall performance, but there is a potential tendency to improve adequate compression depth which may be beneficial in training exercises.

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Mechanisms of Intravascular Linear Ablation Induced Restenosis in Rabbit Abdominal Aorta

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/7459276 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Qiang Chen ◽

Manman Wang ◽

Shuai Shao ◽

Hongze Liu ◽

Xiaodong Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimal Hyperplasia ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Transluminal Angioplasty ◽

Artery Dissection ◽

Control Group ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Control Groups ◽

Vsmc Proliferation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Objectives. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the mainstay treatment for coronary artery disease but complications such as in-stent restenosis and thrombosis remain problematic. Radiofrequency balloon angioplasty (RBA) can improve lumen dimension, fusing intimal tears, and artery dissection but is associated with higher restenosis rate. Methods. After establishing an atherosclerosis model based on endothelial abrasion and high cholesterol diet, forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: RBA (n=20), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (n=20), and control groups (n=5). The RBA and PTA groups were subdivided according to harvested time posttreatment, respectively (1 hour, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days). Aorta segments were then isolated for hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot for TLR-4, NF-κB, MCP-1, and VCAM-1expression. Results. At 28 days, intimal area was significantly lower in the RBA group compared to the PTA and control groups, whilst luminal and medial area were comparable in the RBA and PTA group but higher and lower than the control group, respectively. Expression of TLR-4, NF-κB, MCP-1, and VCAM-1 showed no significant difference between RBA and PTA groups. Conclusions. RBA can depress the intimal hyperplasia and promote dilatation of the artery to greater extents than PTA at 28 days. However, this did not involve TLR-4 signaling pathway, which likely plays a negligible role in mediating restenosis. Reduction of intimal hyperplasia may be due to injury of ablation to the tunica media and inhibition of VSMC proliferation and migration.

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