scholarly journals THE DUALITY OF HESTER PRYNNE’S IMAGE: SUBVERSION AND SUBMISSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-12
Author(s):  
Huimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Young Woman ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dual Image ◽  
Hester Prynne

Hester Prynne is a young woman of The Scarlet Letter. She has borne a child out of wedlock and been sentenced to wear the scarlet letter A, a symbol of committing adultery for the rest of her life. She refuses to take the scarlet A as a token of outlaw. With her needlework, she struggles to subvert the original signification of the letter A and to build her new identity as an able, angelic and admirable woman. She transforms the letter A for herself outside the patriarchal signifier. However, her return to Boston, where she voluntarily wears the letter illustrates that Hester acknowledges the importance of the social order and her submission to the public. She has the rebellious spirit but it is not strong enough to overthrow the patriarchy. Hester’s dual image of subversion to submission is attributed to Hawthornes’ ambiguous attitude toward women.

scholarly journals Puritan’s Hegemony in the Nathaniel Hawthorn’s The Scarlet Letter

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Zakaria Zakaria ◽  
Akin Duli ◽  
Fathu Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Married Woman ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
Political Values ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Library Research ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
Hester Prynne

Misperception and inhuman behave presented by Puritan in conducting state administration, consequently character of Hester Prynne in the novel of Nathaniel Hawthorn’s The Scarlet Letter under the implementation of religious values, law assembling, and political system. The implementation of Puritan’s inhuman religious, law and political values to Prynne’s personal character is something criminal behave, and assembling of the law in the case of sin of Prynne’s adultery presented by Custom House was irresponsible decision or immoral severance in front of court. Puritan’s values over the social living is regulated not only for social norms, culture, and law affairs, but even political matters, means that everything must be obeyed and be bent over the God’s rule, and so to whom (married woman) has committed adultery, must be committed as a sinner and impose a sentence in front of general public. It is a library research and used descriptive qualitative analysis. In challenging and lift it up the universal value in against suppressive, hegemonic in the case Prynn the writer used two approachings as solution to solve the problem and they are feminism perspective and deconstruction model as a solution over the Prynne’s problem.

scholarly journals SOCIAL MATRIX AND CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER IDENTITY IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORN’S THE SCARLET LETTER

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Liaqat Iqbal ◽  
Farooq Shah ◽  
Akbar Ali ◽  
Irfan Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hester Prynne

Purpose of the study: The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorn, already explored from different perspectives by many researchers, has relevance to the social matrix that how gender identity is constructed in the text. In order to explore this perspective, the study deals with the character of Hester Prynne as how she is deconstructing normative gender. Methodology: For this purpose, the theory of ‘Imitation and Gender Insubordination’ presented by Butler (1993) has been applied. Secondly, the study tries to answer the gender identity of Hester Prynne by using Freudian ‘Identification of gender.’ Lastly, the work is concerned with Hester Prynne’s avoiding the danger of being leper and castaway. The last analysis owes itself to the Freudian understanding of psychoanalysis. Main Findings: The findings show that gender is purely volatile and oscillating and is usually being constructed by feminist narratives, social appropriations, inborn congenital schema, and sexual orientations. Butler’s arguments get augmented in this study through the analysis of a few characters, particularly Hester Prynne’s, and it has indicated that through the application of Butler’s arguments on gender stance that gender is performative and hence, it has no real or inborn value/definitions. Therefore, it is inferred that gender is performative and is socially constructed. Application of this study: This study has implications in literature in general, gender studies, and related fields in particular. Novelty/Originality of this study: Though Nathaniel Hawthorn’s The Scarlet Letter had been written long before that has been explored from different perspectives, the present research is original and new in the sense that it brings social matrix and discusses gender issues in it both from the social and psychological interpretations.

Thinking About the Concept of Social Gender With a Film

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-247
Author(s):  
Berceste Gülçin Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
The Public ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Social ◽  
Narrative Cinema ◽  
Feminist Film ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Public Sphere

The concept of social gender is an interdisciplinary matter of debate and is still questioned today. Making sense of this concept is understood by the ongoing codes in the social order. However, the fact that men are still positioned as dominating women in the contrast of the public sphere/private sphere prevents the making sense of the concept of gender. This study questions the concept of social gender through the female characters and male characters presented in the film Tersine Dünya (1993) within the framework of Judith Butler's thoughts regarding the notion of the subject. The thoughts of feminist film theorists also bring the strategies of representation of female characters up for discussion. Butler's thoughts and the discourses of feminist film theorists will enable both making sense of social gender and a more concrete understanding of the concept of the subject. The possibility of deconstruction of patriarchal codes by using classical narrative cinema conventions is also brought up for discussion in the examined film.

scholarly journals Tubuh dan Relasi Gender: Wacana Pascakolonial Dalam Novel “The Scarlet Letter” Karya Nathaniel Hawthorne

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
M. Yuseano Kardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Nathaniel Hawthorne ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Gender Relation ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Gender Oppression ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Postcolonial Discourse ◽  
Guilty Feeling

This research analyzes postcolonial discourse about body and gender relation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter that tells about obsession toward morality, gender oppression, punishment for sinner, guilty feeling dan individual sin confession. The objective of this research is to reveal the resistance sides toward colonial construction that still exist in society’s social order and norm reflected in that novel. By applying postcolonialism approach and deconstruction method, it is proven that The Scarlet Letter depicts colonized (women) resistance behind its attitude and practice that seems submissive to the power of colonizer (society dan men’s domination).Key Words: Postcolonial Discourse, Body, Gender Relation, Deconstruction, Colonial Construction

scholarly journals Universal Psychological Mechanisms of Guilt and Redemption: An Analysis of the Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh

2018 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 78-96
Author(s):  
Shumaila Mazhar ◽  
Azka Khan ◽  
Durdana Khosa
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
Freudian Psychoanalysis ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Dimensions

Freud’s trifurcated concept of human nature asserts that unlike other emotional states, guilt is a quite complicated feeling which requires a differentiated and powerful brain. A human brain, being cognizant of this uniqueness, is capable of self-appraisal and self-censure. The present study penetrates the intricacies of human mind through the study of protagonists of The Scarlet Letter and Raja Gidh. The concept of Freudian superego is used to examine the two characters, Dimmesdale and Qayyum, set in completely different temporal and spatial dimensions of human society. The parameters of psychoanalytical interpretation describes the human psychological distress and fight against the mental chaos after crossing the ethical boundaries of morality. It postulates that Freudian psychoanalysis contributes effectively to research in literary criticism beyond the social, cultural and linguistic boundaries as it highlights the universality of unique human feelings.

Taking the Domestic View in Hawthorne’s Fiction

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria O’Malley
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Nathaniel Hawthorne ◽  
Feminist Criticism ◽  
Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Scarlet Letter ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Blithedale Romance

Shifting the emphasis within feminist criticism from the act of speech to the act of hearing, this article argues that, in The Scarlet Letter, The House of the Seven Gables, and Blithedale Romance, Nathaniel Hawthorne reveals how the public sphere depends on the voices of dispossessed women even as it attempts to silence them.

scholarly journals Penal reform in Africa: The case of prison chaplaincy

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham K. Akih ◽  
Yolanda Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Penal Reform ◽  
Social Objective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Halfway Houses ◽  
Prison Ministry

Penal reform is a challenge across the world. In Africa, those who are incarcerated are especially vulnerable and often deprived of basic human rights. Prison conditions are generally dire, resources are limited, and at times undue force is used to control inmates. The public attitude towards offenders is also not encouraging. Reform efforts include finding alternative ways of sentencing such as community service, making use of halfway houses and reducing sentences. These efforts have not yet yielded the desired results. The four principles of retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation guide penal practice in Africa. Retribution and rehabilitation stand in tension. Deterrence and incapacitation aim at forcing inmates to conform to the social order. The article argues that prison chaplaincy can make a valuable contribution to restoring the dignity and humanity of those who are incarcerated. Chaplaincy can contribute to improving attitudes and practices in the penal system and society. In addition to the social objective of rehabilitation, prison ministry can, on a spiritual level, also facilitate repentance, forgiveness and reconciliation. The aim is the holistic restoration of human beings.

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