scholarly journals Monogeneans of fish of the Mingechevir Reservoir of the Kura River basin

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Spined Loach ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Faunistic Complex

In 2010–2013, a study on fish of the Mingechevir Reservoir of the Kura River basin, for infestation with parasites belonging to the Monogenea class was conducted. 297 specimens of fish were subjected to parasitological dissections. These fish belong to the following 23 species: roach – Rutilus rutilus caspius, Caucasian chub – Leuciscus cephalus orientalis, asp – Aspius aspius taeniatus, tench – Tinca tinca, Kura nase – Chondrostoma cyri, Kura khramulya – Capoeta capoeta, chanari-barbel – Luciobarbus capito, goldfish – Carassius auratus gibelio, carp – Cyprinus carpio, Kura beardie – Barbatula brandti, Transcaucasica spined loach – Cobitis taenia satunini, catfish – Silurus glanis, mosquito fish – Gambusia affinis, pike – Sander lucioperca, big headed goby – Neogobius kessleri gorlap, monkey goby – N. fluviatilis pallasi. As a result of the research, 34 species of monogeneans belonging to 3 orders of 4 families and 5 genera were identified. The overwhelming majority (32 species) of monogeneans found are parasitic on the gill petals of fish, from two to six species are also found on the surface of the body and fins, in the nasal cavity of fish. Of the found monogeneans, 24 species (70.6%) are specific for one species or one genus of fish. It has been established that monogeneans parasitizing on several hosts infect the main of them more than others fish, and the intensity of invasion of fish with large sizes was higher than that of relatively small fish. By their origin, 23 species or 67.7% of all species belong to the boreal lowland faunistic complex. According to the ecological groups of this complex, they are distributed as follows: in the Ponto-Caspian group – 17 species, in the Palaearctic and amphiboreal groups – 3 species each. The Middle East faunistic complex is represented by six, the Indian lowland complex is represented by three, and the Ponto-Caspian marine complex by two species. Among the monogeneans of fish of the Mingechevir Reservoir, two species, Dactylogyrus extensus and D. vastator destroy gill petals of their hosts and cause their diseases. They are the cause of the mass death of juvenile fish.

scholarly journals Parasitic protozoans of commercial fishes of the Kura river estuary

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Estuary ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
Mineralized Water ◽  
Causative Agents

In 2014–2016 complete parasitological autopsy was used to examine 202 individuals of the Kura River estuary fish, belonging to the following 14 species: Caspian common sprat – Clupeonella delicatula caspia, Caspian shad – Alosa caspia caspia, black-backed shad – A. kessleri kessleri, Caspian roach – Rutilus rutilus caspius, kutum – R. frisii kutum, asp – Aspius aspius taeniatus, Kura shemaya – Chalcalburnus chalcoides, Transcaucasian silver bream – Blicca bjoerkna transcaucasica, bream – Abramis brama orientalis, Caspian vimba – Vimba vimba persa, carp – Cyprinus carpio, catfish – Silurus glanis, pike – Sander lucioperca, perch – Perca fluvistilis. As a result of the research there were found following 21 species of parasitic protozoa belonging to 5 phyla, 7 classes, 7 orders and 8 families: flagellates Trypanosoma carassii, Cryptobia borelli, Costia necatrix, coccidia Eimeria carpelli, microsporidium Pleistophora siluri, myxosporeans Myxobolus bliccae, M. bramae, M. cyprini, M. dispar, M. ellipsoides, M. muelleri, M. musculi, M. oviformis, M. pseudodispar, M. rotundus, infusorians Chilodonella hexasticha, Ch. piscicola, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina caspialosae, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina caspialosae, Trichodinella epizootica. The most frequent organ of localization of the parasites were the gills, in their tissues 7 species of myxosporeans, and on their surface 1 species of flagellates and 6 species of infusorians were found. In each of the remaining organs there were noted following numbers of species of parasitic protozoans: in the kidneys – 9 species, in the spleen – 7 species, in the muscles of the body – 6 species, in the skin and bladder – 5 species, in the liver – 4 species, on the surface of fins, in the bloodstream, intestinal walls and gall bladder – 2 species, in the heart, subcutaneous connective tissue, eyes and brain – 1 species. In the composition of protofauna, endoparasites (14 species) significantly prevailed over ectoparasites (7 species), and the forms that develop with a change of hosts (12 species), prevailed over forms that have a simple development cycle (9 species). Most of the parasites are of freshwater origin, so more species of parasites were found in fish caught in the highly desalinated part of the Kura estuary than in areas with more mineralized water. It has been established that, in contrast to ectoparasites, freshwater endoparasites, the infection by which occurs in fresh water, in the body of fish are also transferred to more mineralized sites. Among all discovered protozoa 7 species are the causative agents of fish diseases. However, due to not very high infection of fish, no pathogenic phenomena caused by these parasites were observed.

Prey Detection in Cyprinids during Early Development

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Wanzenböck ◽  
Fritz Schiemer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Prey Detection ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Prey Location ◽  
Bleak Alburnus Alburnus ◽  
Zooplankton Prey

Larval and juvenile fish of roach (Rutilus rutilus L), bleak (Alburnus alburnus L), and blue bream (Abramis ballerus L.) were investigated weekly to define the ontogenetic development of prey detection capacities. Visual acuity was determined by measuring reactive distances for zooplankton prey for fish from 8 to 50 mm standard length using video recordings. Data of reactive distances, swimming speeds, and the characteristics of the visual field were combined to calculate prey location volumes. Prey location capacity increased exponentially with fish size which implies enormous differences in prey encounter rates among size classes of cyprinids. Distinct differences of prey location capacities occurred between species in the juvenile, planktivorous stages of the three cyprinids coinciding with the trophic differentiation of the adults.

scholarly journals Length-weight relationship of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) fry reared at different stocking densities under controlled conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
V. Krasteva ◽  
M. Yankova
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Group A ◽  
European Catfish ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Group B

Abstract. The present paper investigates the body length and weight, and the size-weight variations of one-month-old European catfish reared at 4 variants of stocking density: Variant 1 – 5 spec/l; Variant 2 – 10 spec/l; Variant 3 – 15 spec/l and Variant 4 – 28 spec/l. The experiment is carried out at the Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Plovdiv for a period of 16 days, using a production system consisting of tubs with continuous water flow (0.7 l/min). At the end of the experiment, the fish from each variant are sorted in three size-weight groups: A – large, B – medium and C – small. The number of fish in each group is established. From the group of the medium- and small-sized fish, 150 speciments are measured, while from the group of the large specimens, which are the smallest in number, all specimens are measured for the biometric parameters body weight (BW, g) and total body length (TL, cm). The results from the study show small variations in the length and weight of the fish reared at the lowest stocking density (Variant 1). As the density increase, the size-weight differences between the specimens from Group A also increased, while of those from Group B they decrease. The number of the medium-sized fish decrease (p≤0.001) while the number of large specimens (p≤0.01) and small fish increase (p≤0.001).

scholarly journals The Effects of High Temperatures on Roach (Rutilus Rutilus)

1959 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY W. COCKING
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Lethal Temperatures

1. When roach were acclimatized to 20°C. and then subjected to five constant rates of temperature rise, the range of death temperatures depended on the interaction between the opportunity for acclimatization and the exposure to lethal temperatures. 2. At 1/20°C. an hour rise in temperature, roach acclimatized fully, died over the longest temperature range (30.3-35.8°C.) had the highest mean death temperature (32.9°C.) and died over a disproportionate length of time (up to 88 hr.) when compared with other rates. The death temperature range at 1/10° C. an hour was30.8-32.0° C. (mean 31.4°C.) and at 8/10°C. an hour was 31.5 to 32.9°C. (mean 32.9° C.). 3. Roach cannot acclimatize fully at rates faster than 1/20° C. an hour though some acclimatization takes place at a rate of 8/10° C. an hour. 4. Roach excrete more ammonia as the temperature rises but the increase depends on the rate of temperature rise and is delayed for up to 240 hr. at 1/20°C. an hour. 5. The behaviour showed characteristic changes. 6. Roach died from the posterior end forwards; the heart was beating and the gall bladder abnormal when the body was opened.

Growth Rates and Growth Efficiencies in Larvae and Juveniles of Rutilus rutilus and Other Cyprinid Species: Effects of Temperature and Food in the Laboratory and in the Field

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 943-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wieser ◽  
H. Forstner ◽  
F. Schiemer ◽  
W. Mark
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Relative Growth Rates

Growth rates were determined in four 0+ class populations of roach (Rutilus rutilus): two from warm backwaters of the Danube and two from cold-water lakes. Larval growth was also determined in the laboratory for R. rutilus, Leuciscus cephalus, and Alburnus alburnus at 15, 20, and 25 °C. Q10 values of growth rates were low (1.29–1.67) between 20 and 25 °C but were high (3.9) between 15 and 20 °C. Net growth efficiency of the larvae of R. rutilus ranged from 68.6 to 71.9% at 15 °C and from 72.3 to 73.5% at 20 °C. A comparison of temperature-corrected relative growth rates in the four populations of roach revealed significant differences between the two warmwater and the two cold-water populations. Growth of warmwater populations was fastest right after hatching and then declined in a fairly regular way. Growth of cold-water populations was slow after hatching but increased later. These differences reflect interactions between temperature and food availability in the two types of water bodies. The sudden increase in growth rate in the population from the coldest lake can be correlated with a change in gut contents which in turn reflects the improved ability of the juvenile fish for catching Zooplankton.

scholarly journals Littoral 0+ fish assemblages in three reservoirs of the Nové Mlýny dam (Czech Republic)

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 450-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jurajda ◽  
J. Regenda
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Lowland Reservoirs ◽  
Leuciscus Idus

A synchronous study of 0+ juvenile fish in three lowland reservoirs (Mušov, Věstonice, Nové Mlýny) of the Nové Mlýny dam (Czech Republic) was conducted in July 1997. Fish were sampled by fry beach seine and backpack electro fishing gear at 32 sites in three types of inshore habitats: concrete stepped embankment, stony rip-rap and sandy-gravel beach. In total, we registered 0+ juvenile fish of 17 species and one hybrid. The most common species was bleak Alburnus alburnus (62.7%), followed by roach Rutilus rutilus (12.8%), ide Leuciscus idus (6.2%) and asp Aspius aspius (5.5%). More than 53% of 0+ fish samples were caught in beach sites, 43% in rip-rap sites and only 3.4% in concrete embankment. The littoral assemblages of 0+ fish differed between the three adjacent reservoirs and also between the shoreline types.  

scholarly journals EARLY SLAVIC DWELLING OF A FISHER IN THE TERRITORY OF KYIV PODIL: COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-253
Author(s):  
A. M. Olenych ◽  
M. S. Serhieieva ◽  
Yu. K. Kutsokon ◽  
S. A. Gorbanenko
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Ceramic Fragment ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Mineral Characteristics ◽  
Pine Tree

In 2016, the Architectural and archaeological expedition of the IA NAS of Ukraine under the guidance of G. Yu. Iwakin conducted scientific and rescue excavations at the foot of the Yurkovitsa Hill on the Kyiv Podil. During this work, the dwelling of the Prague culture was discovered (fig. 1; 2). Only a part of semi-dugout dwelling was found within the dig. Its shape was probably close to square. It was oriented northwest — southeast. In the northern corner, a furnace of clay and stone on sandy bedding was found. Two broken hand-made pots and separate fragments of ceramics were in its filling. (fig. 3; 4). Impurities of burnt organic matter were clearly visible in the clay solution. According to microsection of the ceramic fragment, a red clay with a high content of ore minerals fragments was used for the manufacture of vessels. A furnace has similar mineral characteristics. Such clays are common on the for the right-bank part of the Kyiv region. The most likely dating of this type of vessels is from the end of the sixth to the beginning of the seventh century AD. A selective soil filtering from filling the object was conducted. As a result, paleobotanical and ichthyological materials were obtained. A wood is represented by pine-tree (Pinus sylvestris) and oak (Quercus sp.). These species were generally preferred in the Middle Dnipro region both as a working wood and as a fuel. (table 1). Paleoethnobotanical samples (table 2) are represented by one grain of yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca). Given the safety of other small biological residues, the absence of agricultural products is not accidental. Ichthyological materials (fig. 5; table 3) are represented by the remains of a common roach (Rutilus rutilus), wels catfish (Silurus glanis), northern pike (Esox lucius) and common perch (Perca fluviatilis). These species are known from previous ichthyological studies of the Slavic sites in this part of the Dnipro River basin. They are still typical representatives of the local ichthyofauna always actively used for fishing. According to the relief analysis (fig. 6), we can conclude that there were no plots attractive for farming near the place where the object of the Prague culture was discovered. Around predominantly uneven terrain lay, unsuitable for plowing. The largest part was the floodplain of the Dnieper, which was flooded. The absence of birch, as a typical representative of anthropochores, can serve as a «proof of the opposite», that in the immediate environment of the object there were no such sites. The absence of finds of grains of cultivated plants is also indirect evidence that a resident of this dwelling was not engaged in farming. The remains of fish belong to species common for this region both in archaeological materials of earlier and later times and in the modern ichthyofauna of the Dnipro. Four identified species; such as roach, wels catfish, pike and perch are typical fishing objects, so we can assume that the remains found in the dwelling belonged to fish caught nearby. Thus, based on a set of obvious and indirect evidence, we can reconstruct occupation of the ancient inhabitant of a semi-dugout dwelling as a fisher, who lived mainly due to fishing.

scholarly journals Temperature characteristics of peptidase in chironomid larvae, potential fish prey, at various pH values

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
V. V. Kuz’mina ◽  
E. Y. Chornaya ◽  
E. G. Skvortsova ◽  
E. A. Kulivatskaya ◽  
V. A. Sheptitskiy
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Fish Prey ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Temperature Characteristics ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The temperature dependence of casein- and hemoglobinlytic peptidases functioning in the whole organism of chironomid larvae Chironomus plumosus, food objects of adult benthophages and juvenile fish of various ecological groups, was studied within the temperature range of 0–70 ºС at different рН values (3.0, 5.0 and 7.4). The method of mixed samples was used to determine the activity and characteristics of enzymes. Homogenates of previously crushed and carefully mixed dozens of larvae were used as enzymatically active preparations. Activity of peptidases was assayed by the increase in tyrosine concentration using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. It is shown that the activity of peptidases that function in the tissues of chironomid larvae depends to a considerable extent on temperature and рН, but the pH has a smaller effect on the activity and the temperature dependence of casein- and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases than temperature. The temperature optimum of the studied peptidases of chironomid larvae corresponds to 40 ºС. The Q10 values in the zone of vital temperatures are slightly changed. They are, as a rule, increased in the zone of 30–40 ºС, and are sharply decreased in the zone of high temperatures. The values of activation energy of the process of hydrolysis of casein and hemoglobin in the zone of low and high temperatures are different. The Еact values of the process of hydrolysis of casein and hemoglobin at a temperature not exceeding 20 ºС are usually below those in the zone of higher temperatures (except for hemoglobin-lytic peptidases at pH 5.0). The data obtained indicate a significant effect of pH not only on the activity, but also on the temperature characteristics of peptidases that function in the body of chironomid larvae. Differences in the characteristics of casein- and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases in chironomid larvae at different temperatures and pH can influence the digestion in benthophages and fry of all fish species.

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