scholarly journals Histomorphological changes in the rat pancreas after methionine administration

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Rat Pancreas ◽  
Histomorphological Changes

The effectiveness of using various methionine preparations for activating pancreatic function is ambiguous; the reasons may include differences in dosage and duration of methionine administration. The question remains, in what extent the methionine application is efficacious for increasing functional activity of a healthy pancreas. The aim of our study was to investigate morphological changes in pancreas after prolonged administration of methionine. The experiments were carried out on 24 males of Wistar rats at the age of 15 months. During 21 days, the experimental animals received methionine at a daily dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight in addition to the standard diet. Histological preparations were made from pancreatic tissue according to standard method. Morphometry was performed using the computer program «Image J». The rats were taken out of the experiment under ether anesthesia. The studies were carried out in accordance with the provisions of the "European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes" (Strasbourg, 1986). Upon completion of the experiment, histomorphological sings of an increase in functional activity were registered in both exocrine (enlarged acini’s areas and their epithelium height, higher nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of exocrinocytes, and higher number of nucleoli in cell nuclei) and endocrine (enlarged sizes of the Langerhans islets and increased number of endocrinocytes in the islets) parts of the rat pancreas. In the experimental rats, the relative area of ​​the connective tissue and the stromal-parenchyma index of the pancreas, as well as the width of the interlobular and interacinus layers of connective tissue decreased. A decrease in the mass of connective tissue in the pancreas can be considered as one of the signs of its function activation, an improvement in metabolism between acini, and an increase in regenerative capabilities. Thus, additional administration of prophylactic doses of methionine to healthy animals results in distinct morphological signs of increased pancreatic activity.

scholarly journals Morphological and morphometric changes of bone tissue in patients with osteoporosis and osteomalation

TRAUMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
O.M. Ignatiev ◽  
M.I. Turchyn ◽  
V.A. Ulianov ◽  
T.A. Yermolenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
The Common

Bone tissue was studied in 56 postmenopausal women (mean age 62.30 ± 2.74 years), of which 46 patients who worked in unfavorable working conditions had a decreased bone mineral density (BMD) (osteoporosis (OP) — in 31 women, osteomalacia (OM) — in 13); 10 women had no metabolic changes in bone tissue (BT). A BT scan fragment was obtained during surgery for a fracture of the femoral neck. Non-decalcified QD sections were prepared, the functional activity of the QD cell nuclei was determined using the method of differential staining of nuclei with different functional activity. Morphological changes in OP and OM have both common features and differences. The common is the thinning of the bone rods, the expansion of the canals of osteons, the presence of cell-free areas, and cell-free lacunae. In contrast to OP, OM presents with the thickness and area of the osteoid increase, a less pronounced decrease in oxyphyllin matrix, a higher functional activity of BT cells. A decrease in BMD and the occurrence of low-energy fractures may result not only from OP but also OM. When prescribing treatment, it is necessary to carry out diffe-rential diagnostic measures that determine the cause of the decrease in bone mass.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ALIMENTARY DEPRIVATION ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF RAT'S THYROID GLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2(49)) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
R. V. Yanko
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
The Body ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Despite the well-studied effect of alimentary deprivation on the body, the literature data on its effect on functional activity and, in particular, on morphological changes in the thyroid gland are single and often contradictory, which does not allow unambiguous conclusions. All this requires a more detailed study of the role and mechanisms of the impact of restricted nutrition on the thyroid gland. Aim: To investigate the effect of alimentary deprivation on morphological changes in the thyroid gland of young rats. Methods: The study was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats aged 3 months. Rats of all groups were in uniform conditions, on a standard diet. Animals of the experimental group, for 28 days, received a diet reduced by 30 %. Work with rats was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Histological preparations were made from the central areas of the thyroid tissue according to the standard method. Using a digital camera, the micropreparations were photographed under a Nikon Eclipse E 100 microscope (Japan). Morphometry was performed using a computer program "Image J". Results: Histological analysis of the rat's thyroid gland affected by alimentary deprivation revealed that it had an unchanged physiological structure. The follicles were mostly of oval shape and of various sizes. Colloid in the follicles of experimental animals is of moderate density and contains numerous resorption vacuoles. Thyroid cells are of prismatic and cubic shape. It was found that in the thyroid gland of experimental rats the area of ​​follicles, colloid, their inner diameter decreases, the height of thyrocytes increases, the stereological resorption index increases and the colloid accumulation index decreases, the number of interfollicular islands increases. Also in experimental animals there was a decrease in the width of the interlobar and interfollicular connective tissue. Conclusion: In rats fed on a reduced diet, morphological signs of increased functional activity of the thyroid gland were found.

scholarly journals Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor in rat pancreas: genetic expression and testosterone regulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Morales ◽  
Sumiko Morimoto ◽  
Lorenza Díaz ◽  
Guillermo Robles ◽  
Vicente Díaz-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Rinm5f Cells ◽  
Vegf Gene ◽  
Rat Pancreas ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) is an endothelial cell mitogen, expressed essentially in steroidogenic cells. Recently, the expression of EG-VEGF in normal human pancreas and pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been demonstrated. Epidemiologically, pancreatic carcinogenesis is more frequent in males than females, and given that androgen receptors and testosterone biotransformation have been described in pancreas, we hypothesized that testosterone could participate in the regulation of EG-VEGF expression. In this study, we investigated the regulation of EG-VEGF gene expression by testosterone in normal rat pancreatic tissue and rat insulinoma cells (RINm5F). Total RNA was extracted from rat pancreas and cultured cells. Gene expression was studied by real-time PCR and protein detection by immunohistochemistry. Serum testosterone was quantified by RIA. Results showed that EG-VEGF is expressed predominantly in pancreatic islets and vascular endothelium, as well as in RINm5F cells. EG-VEGF gene expression was lower in the pancreas of rats with higher testosterone serum levels. A similar effect that was reverted by flutamide was observed in testosterone-treated RINm5F cells. In summary, testosterone down-regulated EG-VEGF gene expression in rat pancreatic tissue and RINm5F cells. This effect could be mediated by the androgen receptor. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a direct effect of testosterone on EG-VEGF gene expression in rat pancreas and RINm5F cells is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Remodeling of mouse thymocyte nuclei depends on the time of their transfer into activated, homologous oocytes

1988 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-613
Author(s):  
D. Szollosi ◽  
R. Czolowska ◽  
M.S. Szollosi ◽  
A.K. Tarkowski
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown ◽  
Somatic Cell Nucleus ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Nuclear Remodeling ◽  
Maturation Promoting Factor

The potential of parthenogenetically activated mouse oocytes to remodel somatic cell nuclei was studied by ultrastructural means using oocyte-thymocyte hybrids. Complete nuclear remodeling, initiated by nuclear envelope breakdown and chromosome condensation (which is followed by formation of pronucleus-like nucleus) is possible only during a short time gap between metaphase II and telophase of meiotic division. Maturation-promoting factor activity is high during this period. The thymocyte nucleus can follow the sequence of morphological changes only in concert with the development of the native nucleus and only after exposure of the chromatin to the ooplasm. If hybridization is effected with pronucleate oocytes, the thymocyte nucleus retains its interphase character but shows particular modifications in nucleolar morphology (identical to changes observed during reactivation of the nucleolus in stimulated lymphocyte) and in the activity of the nuclear envelope (blebbing). Thus the nucleus not exposed to maturation-promoting factor activity may be influenced by a ‘programme’ specific for oocyte (blebbing) and by a programme inherent in the introduced somatic cell nucleus.

Distribution of amylase and chymotrypsin in four regions of the rat pancreas

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 884-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien R. Beaudoin ◽  
Pierre St-Jean ◽  
Ginette Girard
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Acinar Cell ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Rat Pancreas

Recent observations have confirmed the existence of more than one pool of secretory proteins in the rat pancreatic tissue. To determine if these different pools could be located in the different regions of the rat pancreas, the amylase and chymotrypsin contents have been measured in the biliary, duodenal, gastric, and splenic regions. On a tissue DNA content, protein content, or a fresh weight basis, the proportions of these two enzymes are comparable in the four regions. It is therefore postulated that heterogeneity of enzyme composition exists either within these regions or within the acinar cell itself.

scholarly journals INORGANIC CATIONS IN RAT KIDNEY

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 830-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Tandler ◽  
A. L. Kierszenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Inorganic Cations ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Distal Tubules ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Potassium Pyroantimonate

For localization of pyroantimonate-precipitable cations, rat kidney was fixed by perfusion with a saturated aqueous solution of potassium pyroantimonate (pH about 9.2, without addition of any conventional fixative). A remarkably good preservation of the tissue and cell morphology was obtained as well as a consistent and reproducible localization of the insoluble antimonate salts of magnesium, calcium, and sodium. All proximal and distal tubules and glomeruli were delimited by massive electron-opaque precipitates localized in the basement membrane and, to a lesser extent, in adjacent connective tissue. In the intraglomerular capillaries the antimonate precipitate was encountered in the basement membranes and also between the foot processes. In addition to a more or less uniform distribution in the cytoplasm and between the microvilli of the brush border, antimonate precipitates were found in all cell nuclei, mainly between the masses of condensed chromatin. The mitochondria usually contained a few large antimonate deposits which probably correspond to the so-called "dense granules" observed after conventional fixations.

The ontogeny of the pancreas in macropodid marsupials

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
AW White ◽  
CJF Harrop
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Pancreatic Development ◽  
Endocrine Tissue ◽  
Red Kangaroo ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
Insulin Secreting Cells ◽  
Acinar Tissue

The development of the endocrine pancreas in kangaroos was examined histologically with tissue from three kangaroo species, the red kangaroo Megaleia rufa, the euro Macropus robustus erubescens, and the grey kangaroo Macropus giganteus. The relative size of the pancreas of the pouch young was found not to differ significantly from that of adults. Stages of pancreatic development were described from the frequency of the occurrence of the pancreatic epithelial ducts and the B or insulin-secreting cells, while the development and distribution of the A2 or glucagon-producing cells was also observed. In pouch young of less than 22 days of age the pancreas is dominated by ductular epithelial and undifferentiated pancreatic cells. From days 42 to 97 of pouch life B endocrine cells tend to be concentrated together and ductular tissue encroaches into areas previously dominated by connective tissue. After 120-135 days the first A2 cells are apparent and are usually located at the periphery of the islets, which now take on a distinctive appearance as the acinar tissue expands and separates them. After 135 days of pouch life A2 cells outnumber B cells; the endocrine tissue assumes an adult appearance after 150-160 days. The major difference between the development of pancreatic tissue in foetal sheep and pouch-young kangaroo is the prolonged dominance of connective tissue and the slow development of endocrine tissue in the former.

Histologic Findings in Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy: Australian Experience

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Jack ◽  
Rosslyn M. Walker ◽  
Michael J. Thomsett ◽  
Andrew M. Cotterill ◽  
John R. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Diffuse Disease

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) is characterized by hyperinsulinism and profound hypoglycemia, with most children requiring pancreatic resection. The histological classification of PHHI is controversial. Most authors acknowledge the existence of focal areas of islet cell proliferation (adenomatosis) in 30%–50% of cases and a diffuse disorganisation of islet architecture, termed “nesidiodysplasia,” in others. De Lonlay et al. reported that cases with adenomatosis are focal with normal remainder of pancreas and that focal and diffuse disease can be differentiated intraoperatively, on the basis of increased β-cell nuclear size found only in the diffusely abnormal pancreas. We have examined pancreatic histology in a blinded controlled study of PHHI patients. Pancreatic tissue was obtained at autopsy from 60 normal subjects (age 17 weeks gestation to 76 years) and from surgical specimens of 31 PHHI patients. Sections from PHHI subjects ( n = 294 blocks) and control sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, NSE, cytokeratin 19, and vimentin. Three sections from each PHHI patient were randomly chosen for further analysis. Age-matched control ( n = 34) and PHHI sections ( n = 66) were examined, with the identity of subjects concealed. A diagnosis of normal histology, adenomatosis, or diffuse nesidiodysplasia was recorded for each section. The presence of large β-cell nuclei (>19 μm), ductuloinsular complexes, and centroacinar cell proliferation was noted. Of a total of 65 subjects examined (34 control and 31 PHHI), 37 subjects were identified as normal on both sections examined. All the control cases were correctly identified as normal and none had large β-cell nuclei or centroacinar cell proliferation. Of 31 PHHI patients, 28 were identified as abnormal, either on the basis of abnormal architecture and/or abnormally large β-cell nuclei. Three patients were identified as normal in both sections. Fifteen of 31 patients had diffuse nesidiodysplasia only. Of 13 patients with areas of adenomatosis, 2 had resection of a nodule with adenomatosis present in most of the tissue removed at surgery. Nine patients had a diagnosis of adenomatosis in one section and a diagnosis of diffuse nesidiodysplasia in the other sections from nonadjacent pancreas. Only 2 of 31 PHHI cases had adenomatosis on one section examined and normal pancreas on the other section examined. Large β-cell nuclei were variably found in PHHI sections. Only 5 of 15 patients with diffuse nesidiodysplasia had large nuclei in both sections examined. Centroacinar cell proliferation was identified in 12 PHHI subjects, 6 with adenomatosis and diffuse nesidiodysplasia and 6 with diffuse changes only. It was patchy in distribution within sections and present in only one section in 7 of the 12 subjects. In summary, we have shown that a blinded observer could differentiate control and PHHI pancreatic tissue. Only 2 of 31 patients (6%) had focal adenomatosis with normal nonadjacent pancreas, the majority (24 of 31) had diffuse nesidiodysplasia affecting the remainder of their pancreas, with 38% (9 of 24) also having areas of adenomatosis. Large β-cell nuclei did not reliably identify those with diffuse disease in this study. There was evidence of significant ductal and centroacinar proliferation in 39% of PHHI cases, which was not observed in any of the controls. We have shown that PHHI subjects have a spectrum of pancreatic histological abnormalities, from no abnormality to diffuse subtle changes to florid adenomatosis. Patients could not be segregated into subtypes for different operative intervention despite the availability of full immunohistochemical staining.

scholarly journals Protective effect of testosterone on early apoptotic damage induced by streptozotocin in rat pancreas

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Morimoto ◽  
C A Mendoza-Rodríguez ◽  
M Hiriart ◽  
M E Larrieta ◽  
P Vital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Rat Pancreas ◽  
Apoptotic Damage

Beta-cell apoptosis is responsible for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the streptozotocin (STZ) rat model. It has been demonstrated that steroid hormones possess antioxidant and protective antiapoptotic effects in many tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate the early apoptotic damage induced by STZ in rat pancreas, and the effect of testosterone in preventing apoptosis of pancreatic β cells. Intact and castrated adult male Wistar rats were subjected to a unique injection of STZ 60 mg/kg (body weight) in citrate buffer, and the kinetics of apoptosis in β cells was assessed. Insulin and glucose were measured by RIA and a glucometer respectively, and in pancreatic tissue by immunohistochemistry. At 6 h after STZ injection, a marked increase in apoptotic β cells was detected; however, glucose and insulin serum levels were not significantly different from the controls. The castrated animals presented higher percentages of apoptotic β cells (65.75 ± 5.42%) than intact males (20.6 ± 4.38%) and castrated, testosterone-substituted males (30.66 ± 1.38%). The decrease in apoptotic β cells induced by testosterone was reversed by the antiandrogen flutamide (67.69 ± 3.45%). The overall results indicate that early apoptotic damage produced by STZ in castrated animals was reversed by testosterone, suggesting that this hormone exerts a natural protective effect in rat pancreas. This effect could help to explain some sexual differences in diabetes mellitus incidence in man, reinforcing the idea that new approaches in steroid hormone therapies should be considered for treatment of this disease.

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