scholarly journals Commerce and Industry Museums as a Means of Boosting Trade: Global and National Experience (Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Brand Promotion ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
European Export

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, to revive exports and boost trade between countries, business circles began founding special institutions – museums of commerce and industry, export museums, or museums of samples. The creation of such institutions, the functional purpose of their main structural components, and their principal activities can be studied using the vast body of current and analytical data from early 20th-century periodicals and documents of business unions and government and business organizations established to aid foreign trade (the Russian Export Chamber in St. Petersburg; Southern Russia mining industry congresses in Kharkiv; Kharkiv Exchange Committee, and others). The article analyzes commerce and industry museums as tools designed to help achieve the economic goals of groups of entrepreneurs and states as a whole. It is emphasized that these institutions contributed to the intensification of trade between countries and promoted the sharing of the latest developments and methods in this sphere (such as those that had to do with concluding and servicing commercial agreements, creating a broad information base and providing reference information, maintaining contacts between producers and consumers, implementing new practices in the packing and shipping of goods, etc.). The article proposes different versions of the classification of export-oriented museums – by location (in the country of production, in the country of possible export) or by main purpose (export, brand promotion). Comparative analysis of the activities of Western European export museums and sample museums in the Russian Empire leads the author to conclude that Russia lagged significantly behind in establishing institutional forms for aiding foreign trade; such museums remained rare across the empire and did not adequately represent the available range of export goods.

D. I. Mendeleev’s “cherished thoughts” on foreign trade and “proper protectionism”

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
T. N. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
American Scholar ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Competition Growth

Foreign trade policy and its role in the economic growth of the national economy are considered through the prism of history and comparison of the formation of the industrial economy in the Russian Empire and the North American United States. The author compares the protectionism of D. I. Mendeleev, described in his economic works, and the free trade thinking of the American scholar W. Sumner, who formulated the “misconceptions” of protectionism. Mendeleev’s proper protectionism is grounded on the basic principles (incentivizing internal competition, growth of consumption, bringing up of new industries ), which are relevant for contemporary Russia. The author gives a typical example of the formation and decline of the factory industry using the case of mirror factories in the Ryazan province. These historical analogies, the paper argues, are necessary for the correct assessment of the current situation and for coming up with valid solutions aimed at the development of the Russian economy.

Ensuring Safety of Industrial Cargo by Rail Transportation at the Mining Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
V.V. Kupriyanov ◽  
◽  
I.S. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Filtering ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Personnel Safety

The common problem was studied concerning the personnel safety and the operation of railway transport during industrial cargo transportation. Statistical and technical analysis were conducted related to the conditions and reasons of railway accidents caused by various hazardous factors and occurred over the past 15 years in the mining industry of Russia. The study based on natural, technical, and organizational factors showed that there is a steady tendency towards the preservation of the number of accidents such as train collisions, fires, and derailments. Despite the measures taken, such accidents do occur resulting in fatal accidents. The situation is explained by the fact that safety of rail transport is conditioned by the factors that can be divided into difficult-to-control and complex (coordinated by action). The differences between complex factors caused by the railway technology and difficult-to-control factors, which include natural factors or their combination with the stimulated factors are studied in the article. Study of the evidence including the details of the development of fires and derailments of trains from the rails, the consequences of such accidents and conclusions about their causes shows that the additional calculations and classification of the difficult-to-control factors in combination with other causes allow to give a more detailed assessment of the nature of difficult-to-control factors and the interrelationship between them. Through this it becomes possible to detect the maximum number of violations. It is concluded that improving railway safety is possible only with a differentiated approach to the role of each group of factors including difficult-to-control factors, and the ability of personnel to influence the occurrence and development of accidents. The time characteristics of railway accidents are considered. The idea of automated information filtering of clogged messages in the analysis of accidents is formulated.

A chemical–mineralogical classification of common plutonic rocks and associations

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Debon ◽  
P. Le Fort
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Simple Chemical ◽  
Plutonic Rocks ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Criteria ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTA classification is proposed, based mainly on major element analytical data plotted in a coherent set of three simple chemical-mineralogical diagrams. The procedure follows two complementary steps at two different levels. The first is concerned with the individual sample: the sample is given a name (e.g. granite, adamellite, granodiorite) and its chemical and mineralogical characteristics are determined. The second one is more important: it aims at defining the type of magmatic association (or series) to which the studied sample or group of samples belongs. Three main types of association are distinguished: cafemic (from source-material mainly or completely mantle-derived), aluminous (mainly or completely derived by anatexis of continental crust), and alumino-cafemic (intermediate between the other two types). Subtypes are then distinguished among the cafemic and alumino-cafemic associations: calc-alkaline (or granodioritic), subalkaline (or monzonitic), alkaline (and peralkaline), tholeiitic (or gabbroic-trondhjemitic), etc. In the same way, numerous subtypes and variants are also distinguished among the aluminous associations using a set of complementary criteria such as quartz content, colour index, alkali ratio, quartz–alkalies relationships and alumina index.Although involving a new approach using partly new criteria, this classification is consistent with most of the divisions used in previous typologies. The method may also be used in the classification of the volcanic equivalents of common plutonic rocks.

scholarly journals Foreign trade security and its support system as a special element of economic security of the state

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-607
Author(s):  
Anna Yu. Pak
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Constituent Elements

The article offers a classification of types of economic security and separately identifies foreign trade security as the most important element of the states economic security in the context of global escalation of trade contradictions in international trade. The essential characteristics of foreign trade security, characterized by permanent external influence, are revealed. Based on the identified features and characteristics, the definition of foreign trade security is given as a state of protection of exports and(or) imports from threats caused only by external influence, but not internal, in contrast to other types of economic security. It is shown that it is impossible to achieve the state of full provision of foreign trade security of the state in the conditions of participation in international economic relations. To resolve the contradiction between the goal of maximizing the effect of foreign trade activities and the simultaneous need to ensure security, we propose the formation of a scientifically-based system for ensuring foreign trade security and identify its main constituent elements.

scholarly journals Crisis phenomena in Central Asian direction development of Russian foreign trade in the Orenburg direction in the 1st quarter of the 19th century

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Sergey Valentinovich Lyubichankovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper contains analysis of development tendencies of the Russian Empire foreign trade with Central Asian khanates in the first quarter of the 19th century. The authors found that the Russian State didnt pay much attention to the Asian customs policy in this direction for a long time. It was due to the fact that the trade with Central Asian khanates was of exchange and caravan character. The author came to the conclusion that the heads of the Orenburg Region - military and civil governors - made great efforts to change that situation and made special rules for the foreign trade development in the Orenburg Region. It promoted commodity turnover increase. The author proved that in the first quarter of the 19th century the most important element of Central Asian trade development crisis in the Orenburg direction was the fact that merchants from Central Asia dominated Russian merchants in the numerical ratio. However, the ministry of finance and E.F. Kankrin refused to forbid Central Asian merchants to trade at internal Russian fairs as it would result in stagnation in trade and would make prices for goods higher. This problem for the first quarter of the 19th century couldnt be solved as it was connected with the geopolitical status quo existing in the region. It only started to get solutions with an active military advance of Russia to Central Asia in the second half of the 19th century.

POSITIONING OF THE REGION ON THE PRINCIPLES OF BRAND FORMATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Danyluk ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brand Promotion

The process of positioning a region is one of the most important tools for attracting investment to a territory. In turn, the methods of work of the human health management system, contributing to the improvement of the quality of life of the population. However, effective tools for positioning the region, which take into account the geographical location, recreational conditions of the territory, the available opportunities, its cultural, national and ethnic identification, as well as differences, have not yet been proposed. This is evidenced by the low level of investment in the regions, the weak development of the real sector of the territory's economy, the rapid decline in the living standards of most of the region's residents, and, as a consequence, the growth in the rate of population migration. Thus, the formation of tools for positioning and identification of the region, which allows you to determine their competitive advantages, is a basic prerequisite for ensuring the economic development of the territory. In modern conditions of the transfer of powers and budgets of state bodies to local governments, the positioning of the region becomes a possible condition for their competitiveness. The article discusses the interpretation of the concept of "positioning", in particular, two of its basic components are highlighted: positioning as a strategy, positioning as a set of actions. Approaches to the positioning of the brand of the region are analyzed, where the region is considered from the position of a unique phenomenon and a complex product with a wide range of properties. The signs of a successful brand are determined, the main goals of branding, assessment, classification of models and stages of positioning the region are highlighted. and also: diagnosis of the situation, formulation of the essence of the brand, a strategic plan for brand promotion. implementation of the strategic plan, assessment of the effectiveness of the formed brand.

Classification of productive profile using brain signals: Deep learning and neuroscience meets the mining industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Siravenha ◽  
Walisson Gomes ◽  
Renan Tourinho ◽  
Sergio Viademonte ◽  
Bruno Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Neural Data ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Mining Complex

Classification of electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a complex task. EEG is a non-stationary time process with low signal to noise ratio. Among many methods usedfor EEG classification, those based on Deep Learning (DL) have been relatively successful in providing high classification accuracies. In the present study we aimed at classify resting state EEGs measured from workers of a mining complex. Just after the EEG has been collected, the workers undergonetraining in a 4D virtual reality simulator that emulates the iron ore excavation from which parameters related to their performance were analyzed by the technical staff who classified the workers into four groups based on their productivity. Twoconvolutional neural networks (ConvNets) were then used to classify the workers EEG bases on the same productivity label provided by the technical staff. The neural data was used in three configurations in order to evaluate the amount of datarequired for a high accuracy classification. Isolated, the channel T5 achieved 83% of accuracy, the subtraction of channels P3 and Pz achieved 99% and using all channels simultaneously was 99.40% assertive. This study provides results that add to the recent literature showing that even simple DL architectures are able to handle complex time series such as the EEG. In addition, it pin points an application in industry with vast possibilities of expansion.

Chemometrical classification of biomonitoring analytical data for heavy metals. Part II. Mosses as bioindicators

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tsakovski ◽  
V. Simeonov ◽  
Th. Sawidis ◽  
G. Zachariadis ◽  
J. Stratis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Analytical Data
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