Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality in the winter season in rural areas of the Karaganda region in the vicinity of the Nura river

A study on diversity, status, and habitat preference of avifauna was conducted from November 2017 to October 2018 in Magura Sadar upazila, Magura. Data was collected through direct field observations using line-transect method. Field surveys were made for three days per month in both rural and urban sites. A total of 140 species of birds belonged to 18 orders and 48 families were reported. Among the total species, 55% (77 species) were non-passerines and 45% (63 species) passerines with the highest individuals were counted under order Passeriformes. Resident bird species were dominant (106 species, 75.71%) over migratory (34 species, 24.28%) species. Species richness was the highest in the rural areas (124 species, 88.57%) and occurrence was the highest in winter season (97 species, 69.29%). The maximum species were recorded from trees (87 species, 62.14%) as preferred habitat. In this study, in total 4,060 individuals of birds were counted and among them, 51.55% (n=2093) were observed in the rural areas and 48.45% (n=1967) were in the urban areas. The highest number of birds was found in December (10.34%, n=432) and seasonal abundance was the highest in winter (40.15%, n=1630). Abundance was the highest for Common Myna (5.76%, n=234) among all recorded species. Diversity indices showed that the bird species were the most diverse in the rural areas in the winter season and in July. Habitat diversity indices were the highest for trees and birds used different types of habitats at different times for roosting, breeding and feeding. Regarding the observation status, 29.28% species was very common, 4.28% common, 31.42% fairly common, and 35% were few. This baseline data indicate that this study site is significant from the ecological and conservation point of views. Therefore, further research is necessary to understand how this avian diversity is maintained in this ecological setting. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 441-456, 2020

Download Full-text

Analysing Temporal Effects on Classification of SAR and Optical Images

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14386 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmet Batuhan Polat ◽

Ozgun Akcay ◽

Fusun Balik Sanli

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Classification Accuracy ◽

Winter Season ◽

Support Vector ◽

Classification Algorithms ◽

Sar Images ◽

Optical Images ◽

Object Based ◽

Training Samples

<p>Obtaining high accuracy in land cover classification is a non-trivial problem in geosciences for monitoring urban and rural areas. In this study, different classification algorithms were tested with different types of data, and besides the effects of seasonal changes on these classification algorithms and the evaluation of the data used are investigated. In addition, the effect of increasing classification training samples on classification accuracy has been revealed as a result of the study. Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and Sentinel-2 multispectral optical images were used as datasets. Object-based approach was used for the classification of various fused image combinations. The classification algorithms Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighborhood (kNN) methods were used for this process. In addition, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was examined separately to define the exact contribution to the classification accuracy. &#160;As a result, the overall accuracies were compared by classifying the fused data generated by combining optical and SAR images. It has been determined that the increase in the number of training samples improve the classification accuracy. Moreover, it was determined that the object-based classification obtained from single SAR imagery produced the lowest classification accuracy among the used different dataset combinations in this study. In addition, it has been shown that NDVI data does not increase the accuracy of the classification in the winter season as the trees shed their leaves due to climate conditions.</p>

Download Full-text

Temporal trends in ambulatory antibiotic prescription rates in South Carolina: Impact of age, gender, and resident location

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.70 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 879-882

Author(s):

Hana R. Winders ◽

Julie Royer ◽

Mariam Younas ◽

Julie Ann Justo ◽

P. Brandon Bookstaver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Antibiotic Prescription ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Age Groups ◽

Winter Season ◽

Ambulatory Setting ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Prescription Rates

AbstractObjective:To examine the temporal trends in ambulatory antibiotic prescription fill rates and to determine the influences of age, gender, and location.Design:Population-based cohort study.Setting:Ambulatory setting in South Carolina.Patients:Patients ≤64 years of age from January 2012 to December 2017.Methods:Aggregated pharmacy claims data for oral antibiotic prescriptions were utilized to estimate community antibiotic prescription rates. Poisson regression or Student t tests were used to examine overall temporal trend in antibiotic prescription rates, seasonal variation, and the trends across age group, gender, and rural versus urban location.Results:Overall antibiotic prescription rates decrease from 1,127 to 897 per 1,000 person years (P < .001). The decrease was more noticeable in persons aged <18 years (26%) and 18–39 years (20%) than in those aged 40–64 years (5%; P < .001 for all). Prescription rates were higher among females than males in all age groups, although this finding was the most pronounced in group aged 18–39 years (1,232 vs 585 per 1,000 person years; P < .0001). Annualized antibiotic prescription rates were higher during the winter months (December–March) than the rest of the year (1,145 vs 885 per 1,000 person years; P < .0001), and rates were higher in rural areas than in urban areas (1,032 vs 941 per 1,000 person years; P < .0001).Conclusions:The decline in ambulatory antibiotic prescription rates is encouraging. Ongoing ambulatory antibiotic stewardship efforts across South Carolina should focus on older adults, rural areas, and during the winter season when antibiotic prescriptions peak.

Download Full-text

Groundwater quality delineation based on fuzzy comprehensive assessment method (FCAM): a case study

Arabian Journal of Geosciences ◽

10.1007/s12517-020-06265-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

Author(s):

Narsimha Adimalla

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Quality ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment

Download Full-text

Ecological Characteristics of Groundwater in Rural Areas of the Karaganda Region

Journal of Ecological Engineering ◽

10.12911/22998993/113141 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (11) ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

Samal Shamshedenova ◽

Raikhan Beisenova ◽

Zhanar Rakhymzhan ◽

Zhanat Zhaznaeva ◽

Nazym Syzdykova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Ecological Characteristics ◽

Karaganda Region

Download Full-text

Black carbon air pollution

Dela ◽

10.4312/dela.50.5-43 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 5-43

Author(s):

Kristina Glojek ◽

Asta Gregorič ◽

Matej Ogrin

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Black Carbon ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Winter Season ◽

Meteorological Conditions ◽

Karst Depression ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Temperature Inversions

The paper presents a study of air pollution caused by black carbon (BC) and fine particulate matter (PM) carried out in the rural area of the municipality of Loški Potok in the winter season of 2017/2018. Measurements of pollutants were performed at two different locations, one at Retje, a village at the bottom of a karst depression, and the other on the top of the Tabor hill in settlement Hrib. The measurement results exposed the main sources of black carbon air pollution in this area: domestic heating with biomass (almost 80% of all black carbon emissions) and unfavorable meteorological conditions for dilution of pollutants during temperature inversions. Three times higher concentrations were measured at Retje during temperature inversions than in the days of mixed atmosphere. In the winter of 2017/18, the average concentrations in the Retje hollow were even higher than those of Ljubljana, which calls attention to the problem of polluted air in rural areas too.

Download Full-text

Study of Yield and its Components for Several Genotypes of Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum L.) Newly Derived Under Three Seeding Rate in the Conditions of Anbar Governorate

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/904/1/012031 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 904 (1) ◽

pp. 012031

Author(s):

M J H Al-Hiti ◽

M A G Al-Ubaidi

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Durum Wheat ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Winter Season ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Main Plot

Abstract A field experiment was carried out in a farmer’s field in Zakhikha which is one of the rural areas of western Heet City (about 15 kg) in Anbar Governorate, during Winter season 2020-2021, with sandy loam soil, to study seven newly derived genotypes from durum wheat, including two cultivars. They are registered, certified, and commonly cultivated in Iraq, under three seeding rate to select the ones that are suitable for the conditions of Anbar Governorate. Randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) was used in a split plot arrangement with three replications. The experiment included three Seeding rate (140, 160 and 180 kg ha-1) that represented the main plot, whereas the sub plots were occupied by seven genotypes (Latifia, Babel-30, Babel-31, Babel-32, Babel-86, and the two approved varieties Dour-29 and Dour-85). The results of the study showed that Babel-32 outperformed the rest of significant effect genotypes with highest average number of spikes (507.6 spike m-2) and grain yield (8.741 Mg ha-1), while the genotype Babel-86 was superior in weight of 1000 grain (55.89 g), and the cultivar (Dour-29) outperformed for the trait of number of grains per spike (39.15 grains spike-1). A significant effect of plant densities appeared in the studied traits, as the plants grown at seeding rate (180 kg ha-1) recorded the highest average in the trait of number of spikes m-2 (506.2 spike m-2) and grain yield (8.898 Mg ha-1) And the percentage of protein (11.89%). While planting plants at seeding rates (140 kg ha-1) led to the highest rate of number of grains per spike (38.42 grains) and 1000 grains weight (52.71 g). There was a significant interaction between genotypes and Seeding rate.

Download Full-text

Seasonal Variation in the Population of Indian Black Ibis Pseudibis papillosa, Inhabiting the Arid Zone of Rajasthan, India

Our Nature ◽

10.3126/on.v7i1.2571 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 193-202

Author(s):

K.C. Soni ◽

A.N. Sharma ◽

V.C. Soni

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Urban Area ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Winter Season ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Juvenile Population ◽

Rural And Urban Area

The population of Black ibis (Pseudibis papillosa) inhabiting rural and urban area of Churu city, Rajasthan was seasonally determined by the direct count method. The counting of the Black ibis was made at roosting sites of Churu city (28°15′N and 74°55′E, 286 msl) and it’s out skirts area of 400 km2. Total 35 roosting sites were identified in the study area of which 19 were located in the urban area and 16 in the rural areas. It was found that number was relatively higher from June to August in 2003, 2004 and 2005. However, the number was highest from June 2004 to August 2004 and lowest from June 2006 to August 2006. The maximum number of adult was noticed in the rainy months of every year. A sharp decline in the juvenile population was observed from January 2004 to April 2004. Maximum 17 juvenile birds were observed in the months of May and June 2004 and October 2005 while the minimum 4 juveniles were observed in January 2005. An average 40.08±3.62 and 35.33±4.61 in 2003, 42.5±4.81 and 43.16±8.69 in 2004, 42.16±4.23 and 38.33±4.47 in 2005 and 36.25±3.81 and 34.91±4.52 in 2006 ibises were recorded in rural and urban areas, respectively. The maximum number of ibis i.e. 101 individuals, occurred in the month of June, 2004. But in general, the population remained more or less constant with seasonal variations involving dispersion during the monsoons and aggregation during the winters. The winter season adversely affects the population of Black ibis in the study area because of the non availability of preferential food, particularly insects.Key words: Seasonal variation, population, Black ibis, arid zone, Rajasthan, IndiaDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2571Our Nature (2009) 7:193-202

Download Full-text

COMPETITIVENESS OF COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF TRADE: DIRECTION OF RESEARCH

EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA ◽

10.36871/ek.up.pr2020.09.01.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (9) ◽

pp. 98-104

Author(s):

E. S. MAKAROVA ◽

◽

Ya. F. NASHIRVANOVA ◽

E. A. GATINA ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

The Face ◽

Retail Chains

The article is devoted to the study of approaches to assessing the competitiveness of cooperative trade organizations. In the face of increasing competition, cooperative trade organizations have to compete not only with private stores, but also with large retail chains that continue to expand into rural areas. Based on the available approaches to assessing competitiveness, the authors proposed a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of external and internal competitiveness, which allows to analyze various aspects, approaches to determining competitive advantages, including the opinion of buyers and an expert approach.

Download Full-text