Herbicidal potential of aqueous extracts from Melia azedarach L., Artemisia arborescens L., Rhus coriaria L. and Lantana camara L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Labruzzo ◽  
A. Carrubba ◽  
G. Di Marco ◽  
T. Ebadi
Keyword(s):  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Rhus Coriaria

scholarly journals Phytobiocidal management of bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseerud Din ◽  
Musharaf Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Siddique ◽  
Asad Ali ◽  
Ishrat Naz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Tagetes Patula

Phytobiocides are a good alternative to chemicals in managing bacterial diseases including bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. In the present research study, finely ground dried powders of seven widely available medicinal plants/weeds species viz., Peganum harmala (esfand or wild rue), Calotropis procera (sodom apple), Melia azedarach (white cedar), Allium sativum (garlic), Adhatoda vasica (malabar nut), Tagetes patula (marigold) and Nerium oleander (oleander) were assessed for their anti-microbial activity, both in-vitro (10% w/v) and in-vivo (10, 20, 30, and 40 g/kg of potted soil) against R. solanacearum. Aqueous extracts (prepared as 10% w/v, soaking for 48-72 h and filtering) of C. procera, A. vasica, and T. patula inhibited the in-vitro growth of the bacterial pathogen over 60% of that produced by the standard antibiotic streptomycin. A. sativum, N. oleander and P. harmala aqueous extracts were less effective while M. azedarach showed no effect against R. solanacearum. The higher dose (40 g/kg of soil) of C. procera, A. vasica and T. patula decreased disease severity quite effectively and increased yield and plant growth characters as much as the standard antibiotic did. No phytotoxicity of medicinal plants powder was observed on tomato plants. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids were detected in the aqueous extracts of T. patula and A. vasica whereas C. procera was found to have only alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Our data suggest that dried powders of T. patula, C. procera and A. vasica (40 g/kg of soil) could be used as an effective component in the integrated disease management programs against bacterial wilt of tomato.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Plants’ (Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara) Fresh Leaves and Analysis of Antimicrobial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry F. Aritonang ◽  
Harry Koleangan ◽  
Audy D. Wuntu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Impatiens Balsamina ◽  
Significant Difference

Plant-mediated synthesis of nanomaterials has been increasingly gaining popularity due to its eco-friendly nature and cost-effectiveness. In the present study, we synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of fresh leaves of Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara medicinal plants as bioreducing agents. This method allowed the synthesis of nanoparticles, which was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectra and visual observation showed that the color of the fresh leaf extracts of L. camara and I. balsamina turned into grayish brown and brownish yellow, respectively, after treatment with Ag precursors. In addition, TEM analysis confirmed that AgNO3 solutions for all concentrations produced Ag nanoparticles and their average size was less than 24 nm. Moreover, aqueous leaf extracts of I. balsamina and L. camara were separately tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial growth was inhibited by the extracts containing Ag nanoparticles. Statistical calculation performed using the Tukey test showed that zones of inhibition for the two bacteria produced by the aqueous leaf extracts of L. camara containing 3 mM and 5 mM Ag precursors were not significantly different from that by ciprofloxacin as positive control. On the contrary, there was significant difference between the zone of inhibition for E. coli by ciprofloxacin and that by the extracts of I. balsamina leaves containing 3 mM and 5 mM Ag precursors. A similar result was observed on the zone of inhibition for S. aureus by the extracts of I. balsamina leaves containing 3 mM Ag precursor. It was shown that the aqueous extracts of fresh L. camara leaves containing Ag nanoparticles were comparable to ciprofloxacin in inhibiting bacterial growth.

Efficacy of Chinaberry tree (Meliaceae) aqueous extracts and certain insecticides against the pea leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. ABOU-FAKHR HAMMAD ◽  
N. M. NEMER ◽  
N. S. KAWAR
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Liriomyza Huidobrensis ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
And Control

Aqueous extracts of fruits and leaves of the Chinaberry tree, Melia azedarach L. were tested for their efficacy versus other biotic and synthetic insecticides against the pea leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard). The study included field experiments on naturally infested swiss chard, Beta vulgaris var. Cicla L., and greenhouse experiments on artificially infested cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. that were conducted in 1995–96. The other treatments included azadirachtin (0·25%), ultrafine mineral oil, abamectin, cyromazine, imidacloprid, pyrazophos and control. Results of field experiments indicated that Melia fruit extract and the other insecticides significantly lowered the number of larvae per swiss chard plant as compared to the control, at 5 days sampling after second spray or 15 days after first spray, when two consecutive sprays were performed. However, at 10 days after second spray, the fruit extract did not differ significantly from the control, but it was comparable in its effect to the insecticides, except abamectin and cyromazine. In greenhouse experiments, the pea leafminer larvae were found at higher densities on cucumber leaves located at the lower plant part (10–60 cm) compared to other leaf positions. The Melia fruit extract and the other pesticides significantly decreased the number of live larvae per cucumber leaf compared to the control, 10 days after each spray. The fruit extract, abamectin, cyromazine, imidacloprid and pyrazophos lowered the leafminer population significantly compared to the control, throughout the period of the experiments. However, the fruit extract was significantly less effective than these insecticides at the final count, 20 days after second spray. Abamectin and cyromazine consistently showed a significant decrease in number of larvae, in both field and greenhouse experiments. At certain periods of the experiments, Melia extracts were comparable in their efficacy to the tested commercial biorational and synthetic pesticides. Thus, they have a good potential to be used in the management of the pea leafminer. This is the first report for use of M. azedarach against L. huidobrensis.

scholarly journals Effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem) and Melia azedarach L. (Santa Barbara or cinnamon) on the intracellular development of Toxoplasma gondii

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J.T Melo ◽  
K.J Vilela ◽  
C.S Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Parasitophorous Vacuole ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Intracellular Parasites

Melia azedarach (cinnamon) and Azadirachta indica (neem) have a variety of biologically active ingredients against virus, bacteria and protozoan parasites; however, little is known about their action on Toxoplasma gondii intracellular development. Toxoplasma gondii infects all eukaryotic cells, where it establishes and multiplies inside a modified vacuole called the parasitophorous vacuole until the cell ruptures, re-infecting other cells and establishing the infection. There are no efficient chemotherapies for the elimination of T. gondii, minimizing side effects. In this study, we performed in vitro assays with neem and cinnamon aqueous extracts against the intracellular development of T. gondii tachyzoites. After treatment with neem and cinnamon for 24 h, the percentage of infected cells and the number of intracellular parasites drastically decreased. This effect was concentration-dependent. During the incubation of the extracts, progressive morphological and ultrastructure alterations led to intense vesiculation and complete elimination of the parasite from the intracellular medium. However, during the treatment with extracts, no morphological effects were observed in the structure of the host cell. These results suggest that the aqueous extracts of neem and cinnamon were capable of interfering with and eliminating the intracellular development of Toxoplasma gondii.

scholarly journals Study effects of the some Potanical Powders on Biology of Chinese bruchid Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) s

2019 ◽  
pp. 436-449
Author(s):  
Asma O. Freewan ◽  
Halluma M. Kerra
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Repellent Effect ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Selection For

This research was conducted to study effect of the tested plant powders on the biology of the C. chinensis life using powder of Lantana camara leaves and powder of Melia azedarach leaves and fruits mixed with kidney bean seeds at different concentrations (0,1,2,3,4,5g powder/100g). Results showed that the powder of L. camara leaves was higher on reduction of the female's fertility to 33.27%. The percentage of reduction in the numbers of the first generation (F1) was 45.68%. While fertility was 48.2 and 53.5% and the percentage in reduction of the numbers of the first generation was 38.55 and 23.18% for M. azedarach leaves and fruits powder respectively. The tested plant powders have repellent effect on the adults. Repellency also achieved by L. Camara, M. azedarach fruits and leaves and reached 80, 73.3 and 66.6% respectively Chemotrophometer measure showed no differences on the repellent effect of the tested plant powders. The females when given free selection for eggs laying on seeds treated with 5g powder /100g seeds and untreated seeds they choose the untreated seeds to lay eggs. The powders found to have repellent effect on the insects preventing them from laying eggs. However, C. chinensis choosed untreated seeds for ovipostion. Callosobruchus chinensis (L) belongs to Order Coleoptera and family Chrysomelidae. a primary pest infests legume seeds.

scholarly journals Chemical Components of Aqueous Extracts of Melia azedarach Fruits and Their Effects on The Transcriptome of Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
HONG PENG ◽  
YING-SI WANG ◽  
JIE WANG ◽  
SU-JUAN LI ◽  
TING-LI SUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Negative Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Initial Biofilm

Staphylococcus aureus is the causative agent of numerous and varied clinical infections. Crude aqueous extracts of Melia azedarach fruits inhibit the planktonic growth and initial biofilm formation of S. aureus in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the biofilm topologies became sparse and decreased as the concentration of the aqueous extracts increased. RNA-Seq analyses revealed 532 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after S. aureus exposure to 0.25 mg/l extracts; 319 of them were upregulated, and 213 were downregulated. The majority of DEGs were categorized into abundant sub-groups in the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Finally, untargeted UHPLC-MS/MS analyses of the aqueous extracts of M. azedarach fruits demonstrated a highly complex profile in positive and negative electrospray ionization modes. The extracts primarily consisted of lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and their derivatives, phenylpropanoids, polyketides, organoheterocyclic compounds, and benzenoids, annotated by abundant lipid maps and KEGG pathways. Overall, this study provides evidence that the aqueous extracts of M. azedarach fruits can control S. aureus infections and sought to understand the mode of action of these extracts on S. aureus.

scholarly journals Effect of alcoholic and cold aqueous extracts of Melia azedarch(L.) and Actellic insectiside in the second larval instars of Oryzaephilus surinamensis

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1429-1433
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Oryzaephilus Surinamensis ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Low Rate

The effect of alcoholic extract (2%,4%, 12%) and the fruits aqueous extract (12%,15%,25%,35%) of Melia azedarach and actellic insecticide of 0.01 concentration were tested on the second instar larvae ofOryzaephilus surinamensis .The obtained resuls were reveated that the highest kill ratio 80% at the concentration 12% of the alchoholic extract and 85% of the aqueous extract this was reflected effect abstracts on low rate of age adult emerging of larve treated and low productivity

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