scholarly journals Structural characterisation and rheological properties of a polysaccharide from sesame leaves (Sesamum radiatum Schumach. & Thonn.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
EI Nep ◽  
Susan Carnachan ◽  
NC Ngwuluka ◽  
V Kontogiorgos ◽  
GA Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermal Hysteresis ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Characterisation

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd A polysaccharide from the leaves of Sesamum radiatum was extracted by maceration in deionized water followed by ethanol precipitation then chemically and physically characterised. Monosaccharide composition and linkages were determined by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy respectively. Sesamum gum was composed of glucuronic acid, mannose, galactose, and xylose with trace quantities of glucose, rhamnose and arabinose. Proton and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and linkage analysis revealed a glucuronomannan based structure comprising a backbone of →4)-β-D-GlcpA-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1→ with side-chains of galactose and xylose. Hydrated sesamum gum displayed temperature independent viscoelastic properties with no thermal hysteresis. Intrinsic viscosity was determined to be 3.31 and 4.40 dL g−1 in 0.1 M NaCl and deionised water respectively, while the critical concentration was determined to be 0.1% w/v. The characterisation performed in this study will help direct potential applications of this material in foods and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Structural characterisation and rheological properties of a polysaccharide from sesame leaves (Sesamum radiatum Schumach. & Thonn.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
EI Nep ◽  
Susan Carnachan ◽  
NC Ngwuluka ◽  
V Kontogiorgos ◽  
GA Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermal Hysteresis ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Characterisation

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd A polysaccharide from the leaves of Sesamum radiatum was extracted by maceration in deionized water followed by ethanol precipitation then chemically and physically characterised. Monosaccharide composition and linkages were determined by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy respectively. Sesamum gum was composed of glucuronic acid, mannose, galactose, and xylose with trace quantities of glucose, rhamnose and arabinose. Proton and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and linkage analysis revealed a glucuronomannan based structure comprising a backbone of →4)-β-D-GlcpA-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1→ with side-chains of galactose and xylose. Hydrated sesamum gum displayed temperature independent viscoelastic properties with no thermal hysteresis. Intrinsic viscosity was determined to be 3.31 and 4.40 dL g−1 in 0.1 M NaCl and deionised water respectively, while the critical concentration was determined to be 0.1% w/v. The characterisation performed in this study will help direct potential applications of this material in foods and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Structural and rheological studies of a polysaccharide mucilage from lacebark leaves (Hoheria populnea A. Cunn.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Sims ◽  
AM Smith ◽  
GA Morris ◽  
MU Ghori ◽  
Susan Carnachan
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Rhamnogalacturonan I

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. A water-soluble mucilage extracted from the leaves of Hoheria populnea was chemically and physically studied. Monosaccharide composition and linkages were determined by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Lacebark mucilage was composed of rhamnose, galactose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid (2:1:2:1). Proton and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and linkage analysis, revealed a predominantly rhamnogalacturonan I-type (RG I-type) structure comprising of a backbone of → 4]-α-D-GalpA-[1 → 2]-α-L-Rhap-[1 →. Data indicated the mucilage likely comprises of a polymer containing several structurally discrete domains or possibly more than one discrete polymer. One domain contains a RG I-type backbone with branching at O-3 of GalpA residues to terminal β-D-GlcpA residues, another similarly contains a RG I-type backbone but is branched at O-4 of the Rhap residues to terminal GalpA residues or oligosaccharides containing α-linked 4-Galp and terminal GalpA residues. A possible third domain contains contiguous 2-Rhap residues, some branched at O-3. Hydrated mucilage exhibited pseudoplastic flow behaviour and viscoelastic properties of an entangled biopolymer network. These rheological behaviours were only slightly affected by pH and may prove advantageous in potential end-product applications including oral pharmaceuticals or as a food ingredient.

scholarly journals Structural and rheological studies of a polysaccharide mucilage from lacebark leaves (Hoheria populnea A. Cunn.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Sims ◽  
AM Smith ◽  
GA Morris ◽  
MU Ghori ◽  
Susan Carnachan
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Rhamnogalacturonan I

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. A water-soluble mucilage extracted from the leaves of Hoheria populnea was chemically and physically studied. Monosaccharide composition and linkages were determined by high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Lacebark mucilage was composed of rhamnose, galactose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid (2:1:2:1). Proton and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and linkage analysis, revealed a predominantly rhamnogalacturonan I-type (RG I-type) structure comprising of a backbone of → 4]-α-D-GalpA-[1 → 2]-α-L-Rhap-[1 →. Data indicated the mucilage likely comprises of a polymer containing several structurally discrete domains or possibly more than one discrete polymer. One domain contains a RG I-type backbone with branching at O-3 of GalpA residues to terminal β-D-GlcpA residues, another similarly contains a RG I-type backbone but is branched at O-4 of the Rhap residues to terminal GalpA residues or oligosaccharides containing α-linked 4-Galp and terminal GalpA residues. A possible third domain contains contiguous 2-Rhap residues, some branched at O-3. Hydrated mucilage exhibited pseudoplastic flow behaviour and viscoelastic properties of an entangled biopolymer network. These rheological behaviours were only slightly affected by pH and may prove advantageous in potential end-product applications including oral pharmaceuticals or as a food ingredient.

scholarly journals Methodology for quantitative determination of the carbohydrate composition of brown seaweeds (Laminariaceae)

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (49) ◽  
pp. 25736-25746 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Manns ◽  
A. L. Deutschle ◽  
B. Saake ◽  
A. S. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Laminaria Digitata ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Cellulase Treatment

The monosaccharide composition of four different samples of brown seaweeds Laminaria digitata and Saccharina latissima were compared by different high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) methods after different acid hydrolysis treatments or a cellulase treatment.

scholarly journals Saccharide Analysis of Onion Outer Epidermal Walls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza A. Wilson ◽  
Fabien Deligey ◽  
Tuo Wang ◽  
Daniel J. Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Neutral Sugars ◽  
Acidic Methanolysis

AbstractBackgroundEpidermal cell walls have special structural and biological roles in the life of the plant. Typically they are multi-ply structures encrusted with waxes and cutin which protect the plant from dehydration and pathogen attack. These characteristics may also reduce chemical and enzymatic deconstruction of the wall for sugar analysis and conversion to biofuels. We have assessed the saccharide composition of the outer epidermal wall of onion scales with different analytical methods. This wall is a particularly useful model for cell wall imaging and mechanics.ResultsEpidermal walls were depolymerized by acidic methanolysis combined with 2 M trifluoracetic acid hydrolysis and the resultant sugars were analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Total sugar yields based on wall dry weight were low (53%). Removal of waxes with chloroform increased the sugar yields to 73% and enzymatic digestion did not improve these yields. Analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of per-O-trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of the sugar methyl glycosides produced by acidic methanolysis gave a high yield for galacturonic acid (GalA) but glucose (Glc) was severely reduced. In a complementary fashion, GC/MS analysis of methyl alditols produced by permethylation gave substantial yields for glucose and other neutral sugars, but GalA was severely reduced. Analysis of the walls by 13C solid-state NMR confirmed and extended these results and revealed 15% lipid content after chloroform extraction (potentially cutin and unextractable waxes).ConclusionsAlthough exact values vary with the analytical method, our best estimate is that polysaccharide in the outer epidermal wall of onion scales is comprised of homogalacturonan (~50%), cellulose (~20%), galactan (~10%), xyloglucan (~10%) and smaller amounts of other polysaccharides. Low yields of specific monosaccharides by some methods may be exaggerated in epidermal walls impregnated with waxes and cutin and call for cautious interpretation of the results.

scholarly journals Saccharide analysis of onion outer epidermal walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza A. Wilson ◽  
Fabien Deligey ◽  
Tuo Wang ◽  
Daniel J. Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Amperometric Detection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Neutral Sugars ◽  
Acidic Methanolysis

Abstract Background Epidermal cell walls have special structural and biological roles in the life of the plant. Typically they are multi-ply structures encrusted with waxes and cutin which protect the plant from dehydration and pathogen attack. These characteristics may also reduce chemical and enzymatic deconstruction of the wall for sugar analysis and conversion to biofuels. We have assessed the saccharide composition of the outer epidermal wall of onion scales with different analytical methods. This wall is a particularly useful model for cell wall imaging and mechanics. Results Epidermal walls were depolymerized by acidic methanolysis combined with 2M trifluoracetic acid hydrolysis and the resultant sugars were analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Total sugar yields based on wall dry weight were low (53%). Removal of waxes with chloroform increased the sugar yields to 73% and enzymatic digestion did not improve these yields. Analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of per-O-trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of the sugar methyl glycosides produced by acidic methanolysis gave a high yield for galacturonic acid (GalA) but glucose (Glc) was severely reduced. In a complementary fashion, GC/MS analysis of methyl alditols produced by permethylation gave substantial yields for glucose and other neutral sugars, but GalA was severely reduced. Analysis of the walls by 13C solid-state NMR confirmed and extended these results and revealed 15% lipid content after chloroform extraction (potentially cutin and unextractable waxes). Conclusions Although exact values vary with the analytical method, our best estimate is that polysaccharide in the outer epidermal wall of onion scales is comprised of homogalacturonan (~ 50%), cellulose (~ 20%), galactan (~ 10%), xyloglucan (~ 10%) and smaller amounts of other polysaccharides. Low yields of specific monosaccharides by some methods may be exaggerated in epidermal walls impregnated with waxes and cutin and call for cautious interpretation of the results.

Structural Characterisation by Both Positive- and Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry of Partially Methyl-Esterified Oligogalacturonides Purified by Semi-Preparative High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Quéméner ◽  
Cédric Désiré ◽  
Marc Lahaye ◽  
Laurent Debrauwer ◽  
Luc Negroni
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Positive Ion

The off-line coupling of high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) to electrospray ionisation/ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-ITMS) is described. The Dionex carbohydrate membrane desalter (CMD) has been assessed as an on-line chromatographic desalting system to remove the high sodium concentration necessary for the HPAEC separation of partially methyl-esterified oligogalacturonides. The developed HPAEC configuration proved to be suitable for indirect coupling with ESI-ITMS. This paper provides some interesting features of positive- and negative-ion multistage tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) analysis of these acidic oligosaccharides. The spectra acquired in both negative- and positive-ion modes show characteristic fragment ions resulting from glycosidic bond and cross-ring cleavages. Some new mass spectrometric fragmentation routes are also described. The positive-ion mode gave more complex spectra but was as informative as the negative-ion mode. ESI-ITMS was revealed to be, as previously reported from direct use on an unseparated enzymatic digest, a powerful sequencing technique for the determination of linkage type and the methyl ester distribution of partially methyl-esterified oligogalacturonides. Moreover, unlike matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS), it gives valuable information on the elution behaviour of these oligomers in relation to their structure, namely the HPAEC co-elution of isomeric structures.

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