scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Fibre-Reinforced Materials: the Wood-Water System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ian Douglas Cave
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Water System ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reactive Matrix

<p>The mechanical properties of wood are investigated from a "quasi-elastic point of view that makes allowance for variation in moisture content. The theoretical work is divided into three parts. The first part shows that wood may be regarded as a fibre-reinforced composite material and then builds up models of wood structure in terms of an assemblage of basic fibre-composite elements. The second part derives the constitutive relations for a fibre-reinforced composite consisting of, an inert fibrous phase embedded in a water reactive matrix; and the third part is concerned with the properties of the matrix of wood substance. The theoretical work is then tested against mechanical data from a set of specimens for which individual models have been devised. From this work, functions describing the behaviour of the matrix with moisture contest are obtained and the structural modelling procedures and the constitutive relation are shown to be not inconsistent with the observations. It was found that in addition to the mean cellulose microfibril angle, the matrix sorption properties are of great importance in correctly predicting Longitudinal shrinkage behaviour.</p>

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Fibre-Reinforced Materials: the Wood-Water System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ian Douglas Cave
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Water System ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reactive Matrix

<p>The mechanical properties of wood are investigated from a "quasi-elastic point of view that makes allowance for variation in moisture content. The theoretical work is divided into three parts. The first part shows that wood may be regarded as a fibre-reinforced composite material and then builds up models of wood structure in terms of an assemblage of basic fibre-composite elements. The second part derives the constitutive relations for a fibre-reinforced composite consisting of, an inert fibrous phase embedded in a water reactive matrix; and the third part is concerned with the properties of the matrix of wood substance. The theoretical work is then tested against mechanical data from a set of specimens for which individual models have been devised. From this work, functions describing the behaviour of the matrix with moisture contest are obtained and the structural modelling procedures and the constitutive relation are shown to be not inconsistent with the observations. It was found that in addition to the mean cellulose microfibril angle, the matrix sorption properties are of great importance in correctly predicting Longitudinal shrinkage behaviour.</p>

Study on Mechanical Property of Aluminium 6061 with E Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 50-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinayashree ◽  
R. Shobha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforcement Content ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced

Aluminium composites are in predominant use due to their lower weight and high strength among the MMC’s. Aluminium 6061 is selected as matrix and E-glass fiber is selected as reinforcement. Fabrication of composite is done by stir casting method. Each fabrication carries the E-glass reinforcement content varied from 2% to 10%. The present article attempts to evaluate the mechanical properties of E-glass fibre reinforced composite and study the effect of reinforcement on the matrix alloy through mechanical properties. When compared to ascast mechanical properties the UTS has increased from 74.28 N/sq mm to 146.8 N/sq mm for a composite at 6% E-glass. The hardness of as-cast has also increased from 22 RHB to 43 RHB at 6% E-glass and the wear of composite has exhibited a decreasing tend with increase in reinforcement content along the sliding distance. The results are analyzed in certain depth in the current paper. The mechanical properties of composites have improved with the increase in the weigh percentage of glass fiber in the aluminium matrix.

In Situ TiB2 and Al2(Y, Gd) Particles Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composite with Al-Ti-B Addition

2013 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Fang ◽  
L.G. Meng ◽  
N.N. Wu ◽  
X.G. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Solidification Structure ◽  
Magnesium Matrix Composite ◽  
Magnesium Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
The Matrix

In-situ micro/nanosized TiB2 and Al2(Y, Gd) particles reinforced magnesium matrix composite was successfully fabricated by addition of Al-Ti-B preform into Mg-Gd-Y-Zn matrix alloy, its microstructures and properties were investigated. The results show that the introduction of Al-Ti-B preform causes the precipitation of Al2(Y, Gd) particles and the SHS synthesis of TiB2 particles which significantly refine solidification structure. The reinforced Al2(Y, Gd) particles with average sizes of 5-8 μm are uniformly distributed throughout the magnesium matrix, and have a good bond to the matrix. Tensile tests indicate that, compared with the former matrix alloy, mechanical properties of the multiple in-situ particles reinforced composite are improved all-roundly.

Mechanical and Thermoviscoelastic Behavior of Clay/Epoxy Nanocomposites

2002 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jandro L. Abot ◽  
Asma Yasmin ◽  
Isaac M. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Inorganic Nanocomposites ◽  
Strength And Ductility

ABSTRACTThe study of organic-inorganic nanocomposites has become relevant in recent years since these materials exhibit synergistic properties derived from the two components. Thermosetting polymers like epoxies that have high mechanical properties provide a baseline for further improvement with the addition of nanoclay particles. These nanocomposites can be used as the matrix of a fiber reinforced composite and lead to higher matrix dominated mechanical properties including elastic modulus, strength and fracture toughness. This study concentrates on the mechanical and thermoviscoelastic properties in the glassy regime of nanocomposites prepared by direct mixing. The elastic modulus of the nanocomposites was found to improve with respect to the pure epoxy modulus at the expense of both tensile strength and ductility regardless of clay content. The glass transition temperature was also found to decrease as well. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied and correlated with the aforementioned properties.

Crack Behaviour in Polymeric Composites: The Influence of Particle Shape

2011 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 564-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Majer ◽  
Pavel Hutař ◽  
Zdeněk Knésl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Particulate Composites ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Global Behaviour ◽  
Rigid Particles ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mineral Fillers

In this paper polymeric particulate composites are studied (especially polypropylene (PP) matrix stuffed by rigid mineral fillers). Presently, polymeric particulate composites are frequently used in many engineering applications. The composite was modeled as a three-phase continuum – matrix, interphase and particle. The properties of the particles (size, shape) have a significant effect on the global behaviour of the composite. On the basis of fracture mechanics methodology the interaction of micro-crack propagation in the matrix filled by rigid particles covered by the interphase was analyzed. The effect of the composite structure on their mechanical properties is studied here from the theoretical point of view.

scholarly journals Carbon Fiber Polymer Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Lenka Markovičová ◽  
Viera Zatkalíková ◽  
Patrícia Hanusová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract Carbon fiber reinforced composite materials offer greater rigidity and strength than any other composites, but are much more expensive than e.g. glass fiber reinforced composite materials. Continuous fibers in polyester give the best properties. The fibers carry mechanical loads, the matrix transfers the loads to the fibers, is ductile and tough, protect the fibers from handling and environmental damage. The working temperature and the processing conditions of the composite depend on the matrix material. Polyesters are the most commonly used matrices because they offer good properties at relatively low cost. The strength of the composite increases along with the fiber-matrix ratio and the fiber orientation parallel to the load direction. The longer the fibers, the more effective the load transfer is. Increasing the thickness of the laminate leads to a reduction in the strength of the composite and the modulus of strength, since the likelihood of the presence of defects increases. The aim of this research is to analyze the change in the mechanical properties of the polymer composite. The polymer composite consists of carbon fibers and epoxy resin. The change in compressive strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the fiber orientation was evaluated. At the same time, the influence of the wet environment on the change of mechanical properties of the composite was evaluated.

Plasticised cellulose acetate-natural fibre composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pang ◽  
R. Shanks ◽  
K. Ing ◽  
F. Daver
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Kenaf Composites

Due to positive impact on the environment, biodegradable composite materials are of growing interest. This study used cellulose acetate, a derivative of cellulose, as the matrix for its solubility and flexibility. Kenaf composites have been used in furniture, ceiling panels, and fences. The aim is to prepare composites with plasticized cellulose acetate and natural fibre. The kenaf fibres were surface treated to remove impurities, in particular, hemicellulose, wax, and lignin. Chopped kenaf was added to dissolve cellulose acetate and cast on a Petri dish. After solvent has evaporated, the composite was compression moulded. The thermal and mechanical properties of the kenaf cellulose acetate composite were characterised. From thermogravimetry, the composites were shown to be stable until moisture began evaporating. As a hydrophilic material, cellulose is sensitive to moisture. The mechanical properties of the composites were analysed under high humidity. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that these properties changed slightly with humidity.

The Effects of Ultrasonic Treatment on Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Braver ◽  
Matthew Tumey ◽  
Adam Harlow ◽  
Qingyou Han
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforcement Fiber

The mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composite materials are highly dependent on proper saturation of the resin within the reinforcement fibers. The research evaluates the effect of ultrasonic treatment during composite curing, in an effort to increase interlaminar bonding strength, lower void content, and improve the matrices ability to transfer stresses to the reinforcement fiber. The testing methods that were performed evaluated the effects or the ultrasonic treatment on the specimen in three point bending, and shear between layers of the matrix. The mechanical properties and the microstructure of the test specimen are discussed.

A Shear-Lag Model for Nanotube-Reinforced Composite Systems Under Transient Heat Transfer

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Salehi-Khojin ◽  
Nader Jalili
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Transient Heat Transfer ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Shear Lag Model ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Lag Model

Understanding the stress transfer between nanotube reinforcements and matrix is an important factor in determining the overall mechanical properties of nanotube-reinforced composites. The classical shear-lag model in which the fiber and the matrix are equally long can not be applied to nanotube-based composite structures. Recently, a shear-lag model under mechanical loading for a concentric composite cylinder embedded with a capped nanotube has been introduced as the representative volume element (RVE). In this study, using similar approach the shear lag model is extended for a system under both mechanical and thermal loadings. The outer surface of RVE is prescribed to heating and cooling conditions, and transient heat transfer concept is used to find the temperature distribution in the matrix and on the surface of the nanotube. Using constitutive, geometrical and equilibrium equations for a given RVE, new shear-lag model for a nanotube-reinforced composite is then derived. It is demonstrated that the proposed model at room temperature could reduce to the same results obtained previously. These equations can be used to predict the mechanical properties of nanocomposite systems in real applications.

Inspection of Post Impact Fatigue Damage in Carbon Fibre Composite Using Modulus Mapping Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Petr Koudelka ◽  
Tomáš Fíla ◽  
Tomáš Doktor ◽  
Daniel Kytýř ◽  
Jaroslav Valach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Carbon Fibre Composite ◽  
Intact Specimen ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
The Matrix

This study is focused on inspection of damage extent induced into C/PPS composite material by fatigue and impact loading. Initial damage to specimens was induced by drop-weight out-of-plane impact damage. Several levels of damage states (intact specimen, fatigued and impacted specimen, ruptured specimen) were inspected using modulus mapping (MM) technique. Quantification of the damage level was based on comparison of results from MM obtained in distinct locations on the specimens. Regions of interest were selected in order to determine magnitude of damage after impact and to assess remaining loading capabilities of the material. For this purpose, material maps provided information about location where matrix had been inflicted by the damage. Results show that impact loading has no measurable influence on mechanical properties of the matrix. However, gradient in mechanical properties was detected in the vicinity of crack. Results were validated using quasi-static nanoindentation and constant strain rate continuous measurement that showed depth profile of mechanical properties.

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