scholarly journals The Weeks When Decades Happened: A Theoretical Consideration of the 2011 Egyptian Uprising

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebekah Anna Jónsdottir Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Egyptian Revolution ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Authoritarian Breakdown ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Structural Theories

<p>In 2011, the Middle East was plunged into turmoil with a series of popular uprisings ousting a number of long standing dictators. Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak’s 30 year reign was toppled in just over two weeks. This thesis takes a theoretical approach to the Egyptian Revolution, assessing the extent to which the Egyptian case lends support to various theories which consider transitions away from authoritarianism and towards democracy, and the extent to which these theories can assist us in understanding why democracy has not resulted in Egypt. There are a number of strands of theoretical work which consider both transitions away from authoritarianism and towards democracy, and the factors influencing the timing and mode of transition. These include structural theories related to economic modernisation, inequality and crisis; those related to the role of elites and civil society in influencing transitions, whether from above or below; ideas surrounding the diffusion of, and international influences on, democratisation; and arguments considering the role of religion and culture. This thesis argues that theories of authoritarian breakdown garner more support from the Egyptian case than theories of democratisation. Ideas related to the diffusion of contentious politics and international influences on transition, as well as the role of both elites and civil society, garner support from the Egyptian case. Structural theories related to economic conditions, and the role of religion and culture, garner less support from events in Egypt.</p>

scholarly journals The Weeks When Decades Happened: A Theoretical Consideration of the 2011 Egyptian Uprising

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebekah Anna Jónsdottir Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Egyptian Revolution ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Authoritarian Breakdown ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Structural Theories

<p>In 2011, the Middle East was plunged into turmoil with a series of popular uprisings ousting a number of long standing dictators. Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak’s 30 year reign was toppled in just over two weeks. This thesis takes a theoretical approach to the Egyptian Revolution, assessing the extent to which the Egyptian case lends support to various theories which consider transitions away from authoritarianism and towards democracy, and the extent to which these theories can assist us in understanding why democracy has not resulted in Egypt. There are a number of strands of theoretical work which consider both transitions away from authoritarianism and towards democracy, and the factors influencing the timing and mode of transition. These include structural theories related to economic modernisation, inequality and crisis; those related to the role of elites and civil society in influencing transitions, whether from above or below; ideas surrounding the diffusion of, and international influences on, democratisation; and arguments considering the role of religion and culture. This thesis argues that theories of authoritarian breakdown garner more support from the Egyptian case than theories of democratisation. Ideas related to the diffusion of contentious politics and international influences on transition, as well as the role of both elites and civil society, garner support from the Egyptian case. Structural theories related to economic conditions, and the role of religion and culture, garner less support from events in Egypt.</p>

scholarly journals Religion, civil society and conflict: What is it that religion does for and to society?

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaco Beyers
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Multiple Realities ◽  
Moral Discernment ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Human consciousness instinctively tries to make sense of reality. Different human interpretations of reality lead to a world consisting of multiple realities. Conflict occurs when differing realities (worldviews) encounter one another. Worldviews are socially created and determine human behaviour and, as such, most often find expression in religion. The discussion of conflict and the role of religion in civil society take place within the discourse of the sociology of religion. Religion is socially determined. Peter Berger’s insight into the sociology of religion therefore plays an important role in establishing the relationship between religion and civil society as one that takes on different forms. Thus, a clear definition of both civil society and religion was needed to understand the nature of these relationships. The role of religion in civil society with regard to the presence of conflict in society was further investigated in this article. The conditions under which conflict in society occurs were discussed, as were the conditions for tolerance in society, for religion ultimately becomes the provider of moral discernment when conflict occurs in civil society.

Religion and Sustainability in Global Civil Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Berry
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Religion And Ecology ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Religious Actors

This paper presents basic empirical research about the role of religion and religious actors in the global politics of sustainability. Drawing on insights from three overlapping fields of study—environmental politics, religious transnationalism, and religion and ecology—this study analyzes data gathered through ethnographic interviews with representatives of religious non-governmental organizations at the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, known as Rio+20. These interviews asked respondents to discuss their understanding of the meaning, role, and position of religion within civil society efforts to address sustainability concerns. Content analysis of interview responses suggests that religious actors hold divergent views about the salience of religion to global sustainability politics. The central finding is that the boundary between religious and secular civil society groups is a permeable one.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Agama Di Tengah Pluralisme Bangsa (Dari Paradigma Eksklusif Ke Inklusif)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Didik Komaidi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Education Stakeholders

Seeing the history of Indonesia recenly often appear the phenomenon of violence or conflict based on ethnic, religious, racial, inter-group and terrorism cases. This phenomenon compel us to rethink the role of religion, especifically religious education in the life of a pluralistic society. Viewing these facts would be a challenge for the clergy, scholars, including religious education stakeholders, to build a pluralistic society become tolerant, harmonious, and cooperative, and democratic. Then, education has a strategic role in design civil society civilization, especially the students. In the application, religious education must have an inclusive paradigm not exclusive. Inclusive paradigm is the paradigm of contextual education, tolerance, respect for differences religius, racial, intergroup, and cooperate live. In other hand the exlusive paradigm is the educational paradigm that is less respect for differences, underestimate to others, just think of the group, less tolerant.

scholarly journals Liberal outcomes through undemocratic means: the reform of the Code de statut personnel in Morocco

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cavatorta ◽  
Emanuela Dalmasso
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Associational Life ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Code

ABSTRACTThe 2004 reform of the family code in Morocco has been held as one of the most significant liberal reforms undertaken in the country, and has led scholars and policy makers to argue that this demonstrates the democratic progress Morocco and the King are making. At the same time, the role of the women's movement in getting the reform approved has seemingly confirmed that associational life is crucial in promoting democratisation. This paper, building on theoretical work questioning the linkage between a strong civil society and democratic outcomes, argues that civil society activism does not necessarily lead to democratisation, and may reinforce authoritarian practices. Far from demonstrating the centrality of civil society, the process through which the new family code was passed highlights the crucial institutional role of the monarch, whose individual decision-making power has driven the whole process. Authoritarianism finds itself strengthened in Morocco despite the liberal nature and outcome of the reform.

scholarly journals Implementation of Regional Regulation Number 2/2012 Toward Parking Service of Semarang City

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Apriyanto Setyo Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Implementation of Local Regulation No. 2 of 2012 on parking services on the edge of public roads Semarang often found problems such as parking rates that are not in accordance with applicable regulations and parking attendants who use the parking ban area as a parking space The method used Qualitative Descriptive Analysis with purposive sampling as much 27 people showed the implementation of  local regulation No. 2 of 2012 on public roadside parking service has not run with the maximum and the implementation found problems. The five factors influencing the implementation of the guidance of communication, availability of resources, public support, disposition of implementers, and the socio-economic conditions of politics are still not running maximally and it disrupts the implementation of the policy. The suggestions of this research include imposing heavier sanctions on parking attendants, improving the performance of the parking attendants so that in carrying out their duties can be in line with the prevailing regulations, improving communication through discussion in a forum, then the role of the community in guarding the implementation of the policy to be improved.

Nordic Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 696-712
Author(s):  
Inger Furseth
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Faith Communities ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
The Media ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter examines religious change in the five Nordic countries: Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland, and Iceland. Immigration came later to these countries than in many other parts of Europe, but it has transformed Sweden, Norway, and Denmark into relatively diverse societies; Finland and Iceland remain more homogeneous. In spite of these differences, the religious outlook is changing right across the Nordic countries with a decline in membership in the majority churches, falling indices of religious belief and practice in most of them, growing numbers of people who place themselves outside the faith communities, and multiplying forms of spirituality that lie beyond religious institutions altogether. The chapter addresses the implications that these changes have for religion and state relations, and the role of religion in politics, the media, and civil society.

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