scholarly journals Knowledge, perceptions and prevention of malaria among women in Sistan va Baluchestan, Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rakhshani ◽  
A. R. Ansari Moghadam ◽  
R. Alemi ◽  
A. Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Mosquito Net ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

A questionnaire about malaria knowledge, beliefs and practices was given to a random sample of 2168 married women from rural and urban areas of Sistan va Baluchestan, Islamic Republic of Iran. The mean knowledge score of subjects was low at 5.5 [maximum 15.0]. Few respondents [37.6%] knew that malaria was an important disease in the area and only 58.4% knew that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes. Most subjects [69.4%] never used a mosquito net. Only 49.9% of rural and 73.8% of urban residents would seek care for fever and chills from the local health centre. Community health workers [behvarz] were the main source of information [29.5%] for rural women; the role of physicians in education was minimal. Subsequent health education must be tailored to the educational needs of the target population in this area

scholarly journals Knowledge of Women on Early Symptoms of Cancer in Rural and Urban Areas of Mangalore

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 03-07
Author(s):  
Sonia Jacob ◽  
Fatima D'Silva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Urban Women ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Early Symptoms

AbstractA descriptive cross sectional survey design was adopted for the study to assess and compare the level of knowledge of women on early symptoms of cancer. The sample consisted of 200 women, 100 from urban area of Jeppu and 100 from rural area of Natekal PHC. Stratified Sampling technique was used for selection of the samples. The data was collected by a demographic pro forma and a knowledge questionnaire which consisted of 23 multiple choice and 11 dichotomous (Yes/No) questions.Reliability of the tool was assessed using split half method and the reliability coefficient was found to be 0.9.Though the overall knowledge score of urban women was comparatively higher (38.26) than their rural counterparts (34.79), It was encouraging to note that rural women (53.6%) had better knowledge regarding risk factors and etiology of cancer when compared to urban women (51.02%).In India cancer related mortality is very high due to lack of awareness of the early symptoms leading to delayed screening and increased exposure rate of the risk factors. Nurses play a significant role in the disease prevention and health promotion of patients with cancer. Educational programs on healthful living with cost effective and motivating teaching strategies can be undertaken for the community so as to curb the mortality and morbidity associated with cancer

Life-course Variations in Spouses’ Division of Roles in Urban Areas of the Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 002190962110439
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Torabi
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
Domestic Roles

Despite a growing acceptance of egalitarian gender attitudes, there is no empirical evidence about the division of roles between wives and husbands and its variation across their family life in the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI). This paper uses data from the 2014 to 2015 Time Use Survey, representing urban areas of the IRI, to examine the dynamics of the spouses’ division of roles across their family life. The findings confirm a gender division of roles. The mapping of the spouses’ role behaviours during their family life provides a combination of gender similarities and differences. Role configurations (or role variations across family life) clearly differ between spouses but the pathways (or life-course variations in role behaviours) are quite similar in some roles (i.e., community, individual and parental roles) and different in others (i.e., occupational and domestic roles). To the extent that the existing gender patterns are perceived as unjustified, they can be consequential not only for marital satisfaction and quality, but also for marriage and childbearing decisions.

scholarly journals Perceptions, attitudes and practices towards scabies in communities on the Bijagós Islands, Guinea-Bissau

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Lopes ◽  
Eunice Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Janete Ca ◽  
Adriana Gonçalves ◽  
Amabelia Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Guinea Bissau

Abstract Background Scabies is highly endemic among impoverished populations and has been recently included in the WHO’s list of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Community support and behavioural changes are essential for the success of control interventions. This study aimed to explore beliefs, prevention attitudes and healthcare-seeking behaviours towards scabies in the Bijagós Archipelago of Guinea-Bissau. Methods Data were collected through two methods. Community key informants (community members, community health workers, healthcare workers and traditional healers) were interviewed using snowball sampling. A questionnaire covering perceptions, attitudes and practices was administered to community members using random cluster sampling. Thematic analysis of qualitative data was applied to identify themes. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data analysis. Results There was a satisfactory awareness about scabies, but perceptions about disease causation and transmission were imprecise. Misconceptions about personal hygiene as the primary measure for scabies prevention were recurrent. Some participants recognised the importance of early treatment to interrupt transmission. Treatment of close contacts was not considered important. Costs were the main determining factor for treatment choice between traditional healer and the local health centre. Late presentation and delayed treatment were common and associated with poverty and stigmatisation. Scabies impaired quality of life by affecting social interactions, health, fitness to work and school attendance. Conclusions There is a need to improve education, recognition, management and affordable access to treatment. Community education, healthcare workers’ training and skin NTD integrated control programmes should address the challenges highlighted in this study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of availability, accessibility and prescribing pattern of medicines in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-415
Author(s):  
A. M. Cheraghali ◽  
S. Nikfar ◽  
Y. Behmanesh ◽  
V. Rahimi ◽  
F. Habibipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Essential Drugs ◽  
Injectable Drugs ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Who Indicators ◽  
Very High

Prescribing, dispensing, availability and affordability of drugs were evaluated in 100 primary health care centres in 5 provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran using WHO indicators. On average, 92% of the 12 essential drugs monitored were available in the health centre pharmacies and 95% of the drugs prescribed by the physician were dispensed by the health centre pharmacy. The stock-out duration was less than 1 month on average. A complete treatment for pneumonia cost only 2% of the lowest weekly government salary. The national average number of drugs per prescription was 3.4. Prescription of antibiotics and injectable drugs was very high [58% and 41% respectively]. Although availability and affordability of essential drugs is good in this country, rational use of drugs needs to be emphasized

scholarly journals Contraception continuation rates and reasons for discontinuation in Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rakhshani ◽  
M. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
First Year ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Continuation Rates

Wevaluated contraception continuation rates and discontinuation reasons in Zahedan among 1741 women from 1998-2000. By Kaplan-Meier technique continuation rates were 92% for low dose combined hormonal oral contraceptives [OC], 86% for a levonorgestrel-releasing implant, 82% for intrauterine devices [IUD] and 53% for medroxyprogesterone acetate at the first year. After 3 years, continuation was 78% for levonorgestrel implant, 70% for OC, 60% for IUD and 44% for medroxyprogesterone acetate. The commonest reason for discontinuing OC and medroxyprogesterone acetate was changing method; for IUD and levonorgestrel-releasing implant, the commonest reason was side-effects. By Cox regression model, continuation rate and contraceptive type were significantly related to health centre

scholarly journals Scaling up mental healthcare in the Republic of Niger: priorities for and barriers to service improvement

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S-6-S-9
Author(s):  
Alison Hwong ◽  
Djibo Maiga Douma ◽  
Soumana Zamo ◽  
Julian Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
National Level ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Local Health

As part of a pilot programme to scale up community mental health services, local health centre directors, community health workers and key informants were interviewed in two neighbouring political districts of Niger. Major priorities for improving services included training staff on the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness, collaborating with traditional healers, educating the community about the origins of psychiatric illness and building infrastructure for medication delivery. Barriers to care included long distances for travel to the nearest hospital and lack of funding for home-based visits by health workers. This study was the first step in Niger's plan to implement the World Health Organization's Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) at a national level.

scholarly journals An accelerated nutrition transition in Iran

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (1a) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ghassemi ◽  
Gail Harrison ◽  
Kazem Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Food Utilisation ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran

Abstract:Objective:To describe the emergence of the nutrition transition, and associated morbidity shifts, in the Islamic Republic of Iran.Design:Review and analysis of secondary data relating to the socio-political and nutritional context, demographic trends, food utilisation and consumption patterns, obesity, and diet-related morbidity.Results and conclusions:The nutrition transition in Iran is occurring rapidly, secondary to the rapid change in fertility and mortality patterns and to urbanisation. The transition is occurring against the backdrop of lack of sustained economicgrowth. There is considerable imbalance in food consumption with low nutrient density characterising diets at all income levels, over-consumption evident among more than a third of households, and food insecurity among 20% of the population. Obesity is an emerging problem, particularly in urban areas and for women, and both diabetes and other risk factors for heart disease are becoming significant problems.

scholarly journals Breast-feeding initiation and exclusive breast-feeding in rural Vietnam

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dat V Duong ◽  
Colin W Binns ◽  
Andy H Lee
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Traditional Birth Attendant ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Initiation Rate ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
Rural Mothers

AbstractObjective:To investigate the initiation of breast-feeding and exclusive breast-feeding within the first week after delivery for women in rural Vietnam.Design:An interviewer-administered survey was conducted on a sample of rural women who gave birth during August-October 2002.Setting:Quang Xuong District, Thanh Hoa Province of Vietnam.Subjects:Four hundred and sixty-three women participated in the study, of whom 181 delivered at the district hospital (39.1%), 229 at a commune health centre (49.5%) and 53 at home attended by a traditional birth attendant (11.4%).Results:Although the initiation and exclusive breast-feeding rates were relatively high at 98.3% and 83.6% respectively, the premature introduction of complementary food was a great concern. Logistic regression analysis showed that, together with socio-cultural determinants such as feeding preferences of the husband and maternal grandmother, feeding practices of friends, factors relating to delivery methods, delivery locations and health problems could influence the initiation rate and breast-feeding patterns.Conclusions:To promote breast-feeding practices of rural mothers, health education on breast-feeding should take into account local socio-cultural features in addition to improving the counselling skills of health workers.

scholarly journals PEP4LEP study protocol: integrated skin screening and SDR-PEP administration for leprosy prevention: comparing the effectiveness and feasibility of a community-based intervention to a health centre-based intervention in Ethiopia, Mozambique and Tanzania

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e046125
Author(s):  
Anne Schoenmakers ◽  
Thomas Hambridge ◽  
Robin van Wijk ◽  
Christa Kasang ◽  
Jan Hendrik Richardus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Local Health Centre ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

IntroductionLeprosy, or Hansen’s disease, remains a cause of preventable disability. Early detection, treatment and prevention are key to reducing transmission. Post-exposure prophylaxis with single-dose rifampicin (SDR-PEP) reduces the risk of developing leprosy when administered to screened contacts of patients. This has been adopted in the WHO leprosy guidelines. The PEP4LEP study aims to determine the most effective and feasible method of screening people at risk of developing leprosy and administering chemoprophylaxis to contribute to interrupting transmission.Methods and analysisPEP4LEP is a cluster-randomised implementation trial comparing two interventions of integrated skin screening combined with SDR-PEP distribution to contacts of patients with leprosy in Ethiopia, Mozambique and Tanzania. One intervention is community-based, using skin camps to screen approximately 100 community contacts per leprosy patient, and to administer SDR-PEP when eligible. The other intervention is health centre-based, inviting household contacts of leprosy patients to be screened in a local health centre and subsequently receive SDR-PEP when eligible. The mobile health (mHealth) tool SkinApp will support health workers’ capacity in integrated skin screening. The effectiveness of both interventions will be compared by assessing the rate of patients with leprosy detected and case detection delay in months, as well as feasibility in terms of cost-effectiveness and acceptability.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the national ethical committees of Ethiopia (MoSHE), Mozambique (CNBS) and Tanzania (NIMR/MoHCDEC). Study results will be published open access in peer-reviewed journals, providing evidence for the implementation of innovative leprosy screening methods and chemoprophylaxis to policymakers.Trial registration numberNL7294 (NTR7503).

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