scholarly journals Leveraging technology and supply chain to improve family planning logistics in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 672-678
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Ambreen Khan ◽  
Kayhan Motla
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Facility Level

Background: Pakistan and USAID have invested in improving the contraceptive supply chain data and commodity security. In 2011, the first digital contraceptive logistics management information system (cLMIS) was launched, enabling supply chain data visibility from the federal level to health facilities. The system has built-in modules on forecasting and supply planning, inventory management, consumption reporting, business intelligence tools, automatic email and SMS alerts. Using these features, policy-makers and health managers annually forecast needs, and procure contraceptives accordingly. Aims: The objective of this research was to understand the existing technological platforms for family planning (FP) supply chain data visibility and the potential impact on contraceptive commodity security. Methods: The authors reviewed available published and grey literature papers on contraceptives and supplies in Pakistan. We extracted data from the cLMIS, evaluated indicators including reporting compliance, reported stock-out rates, and contraceptive performance. The analysis was validated by reviewing supply chain and FP indicators, such as average monthly consumption, months of stock, and couple years of protection. Results: The cLMIS has resulted in improved distribution, early warning and accountability at the lowest tiers in the FP supply chain in the public sector. At the facility level, FP commodity availability increased from 40% in 2009 to 84% in 2018. Conclusion: Contraceptive supply chain has seen significant growth over the past decade to meet expanding reproductive health evidence to inform strategic decisions; cLMIS is a prime contributor to improvements registered in FP stock availability at public sector facilities

scholarly journals Empirical Assessment of Good Governance in the Public Sector of Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maizatul Akmar Khalid ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Jamaliah Said
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
The Status ◽  
Questionnaire Respondent ◽  
Service Groups

To improve the trust of citizens and delivery of services, employing good governance principles in the public sector is very crucial. Despite efforts to improve service delivery, criticisms and complains toward public services remain evident. This study aims to assess the status of good governance practices in the public sector of Malaysia. Primary data were collected from the responses of 109 department heads under 24 federal ministries to a survey questionnaire. Respondent perception of good governance practices was measured using a seven-point Likert scale and analyzed by descriptive statistics and path measurement modeling. Standard diagnostic tests were also conducted to check the reliability of the data and model. Results indicated that nine factors were significant in the measurement of good governance practices. However, very few people in the public sector of Malaysia practice fraud control, which is at the lowest intensity. Among the service groups, the engineer group practiced good governance at the highest level, whereas the health service group practiced good governance at the lowest level. Therefore, still there are scopes available to improve good governance systems to become more reliable and efficient public sector in Malaysia. Findings of the study will help policy makers improve the efficiency of the public sector of Malaysia and other countries.

scholarly journals Assessment of Accountability Practices in the Public Sector of Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamaliah Said ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Razana Juhaida Johari
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
General Average ◽  
Data Validity ◽  
Accountability Practices ◽  
Survey Approach

Ensuring accountability in the public sector is a very crucial issue as it could lead to failures in governance, fraud, inefficacy, corruption as well as weak financial management. This study evaluated the state of present accountability practices among public sector employees from various Malaysian service schemes. Primary data were collected, using a questionnaire survey approach with 194 heads of departments in the Malaysian federal ministries. Data was collected in accordance with the perspective of 12 factors in accountability practices, using a five-point Likert scale. Factor analysis and descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis. In addition, data reliability was checked by Cronbach’s alpha test; data normality was examined by Skewness and Kurtosis tests, and data validity was tested by using Kaiser-Meyer Olkin test and Barlett’s test. The findings show that 94.9% of the participants reported that they practised accountability within their departments. Nevertheless, the priority for these accountability factors varied according to the service schemes. In general, the perceived accountability practice was the highest within the group of the administrative scheme and the lowest among the employees under the accounting scheme. Moreover, the perceived accountability practice of the audit scheme was below the general average level. This findings of the study would help policy makers to take necessary steps to improve the practices of accountability in the public sector for creating a more dependable and efficient public sector in Malaysia.

scholarly journals PREVENTIVE MEDICINE DEPARTMENT;

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD AYAZ BHATTI ◽  
MAHMOOD UR RAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public

Objectives: To measure the current status of preventive activities in civil and military hospitals. To compare the quantum ofpreventive and curative activities in the hospitals. To make recommendations for promotion of preventive activities to reduce the curative burdenfrom the hospitals. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Sampling Technique: Universal sampling. All the major military and publicsector hospitals having bed strength more than 400 in Rawalpindi were included in the study. All the preventive and curative work was taken intoaccount. Methodology: A structured questionnaire was developed and data regarding the quantum of work was collected from all the fourmajor Military and civil hospitals having bed strength more than 400 beds through registers and annual reports of the hospital and was analyzedin the form of frequencies, tabulation, cross tabulation, percentages and was displayed in tables and graphs using SPSS (10.5), Microsoft Exceland calculus. Results: Only seven percent work is preventive and ninety three percent is curative. In the preventive activity MH is marginallyhigher than the rest of the hospitals. In all the hospitals among the preventive activities 31% are antenatal visits, 20 % tetanus toxoid injection,19% BCG, Growth monitoring 13%, Measles injection 11% and family planning 6% in all the hospitals. Ante natal activities in the army sectorhospitals are more prominent 39-44% and also in the public sector 17-26%. Next to the antenatal are tetanus toxoids to pregnant ladies whichrange from 16-35% in military and 16-20 % in the public sector hospitals. Growth monitoring is more efficiently carried out in the RawalpindiGeneral Hospital i.e. 17% while in others 7-12%. Family Planning services are delivered very poorly only 9% in RGH and 6% in DHQ, zero % inCMH and 5% in MH. Measles vaccination is carried out efficiently in DHQ 27%, 11% in RGH and 8% in MH and again poorly 3% in CMH. BCG is27% in DHQ, 20% in MH, 17% in RGH and 10% in CMH. Conclusions: The study show that hospitals are showing very poor performance inpreventive aspect and this is the reason that countries like Pakistan are facing economic burden on the national exchequer and this burden willkeep on increasing if no appropriate action is taken.

Zac Bercy Front du Parc: un lungo ed efficace processo di riqualificazione urbana

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Viviana di Martino
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

- An important urban transformation was achieved in Paris with the redevelopment of the Bercy quarter. It was characterised by farsightedness and an ability to monitor and manage on the part of the public sector operators who guided the entire operation. While on the one hand the Bercy case presents a series of ‘extraordinary' elements deriving from the particular history of the site, the continuity with which the municipal administration moved forward with its strategic decisions, its capacity to frame those strategies in a broader and more complex context and the ways in which the entire process was implemented certainly constitute important factors on which to reflect in the framework of a more general discussion on the effectiveness and potentials of large urban projects. This paper looks at the main stages of the transformation starting with the framing of the operation within the provisions of the main urban planning instruments and it seeks to highlight the most significant aspects of the intervention with a particular focus on the outcomes of the project implemented.

Sustaining the Future of the Public Sector: Insights into a Swedish Municipality’s Dealing with Knowledge Management and Succession Planning

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Durst ◽  
Guido Bruns
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Succession Planning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Ageing Workforce ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Executive Staff

The ageing workforce soon leads to a number of retirements in government organisations that will put the knowledge basis at risk. Addressing this point the present study provides an analysis and evaluation of a Swedish municipality’s dealing with the aspects of knowledge management and succession planning against the background of demographic developments and the increased relevance of knowledge. It reports findings based on semi-structured interviews conducted with executive staff of the municipality. Results of data analysed show that the municipality is far from being ready to master the challenges ahead. To date the municipality follows a sporadic approach rather than a strategic and planned one when addressing the issue of succession planning. Indeed, the findings suggest that a muddling through approach prevails. Based on the findings some suggestions were derived that may help both municipalities facing similar circumstances as well as policy makers drafting suitable policies.

scholarly journals A structural equation modeling of supply chain strategies for artemisinin-based combination therapies in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239920262110647
Author(s):  
Oluka Pross Nagitta ◽  
Marcia Mkansi ◽  
Sylvia Desire Nyesiga ◽  
George William Kajjumba
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
The Public

Introduction: Malaria is a killer disease in the tropical environment; artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) play a central role in treating malaria. Thus, the supply and presence of ACT drugs in hospitals are a key feature in the fight against malaria. Supply chain management literature has focused on the private sector, and less attention has been paid to the public sector, especially hospitals. Aim: This study uses an interdisciplinary lens in investigating how to boost the supply and distribution of ACTs to save lives in low-income countries, specifically in Uganda. Methodology: The study adopted a quantitative research design using a questionnaire as the data collection instrument. Of the 440-population size, 304 of the sample population participated in the study. The model was estimated using structural equation modeling (SEM) to establish the causal relationship among the variables. Results: From the SEM analysis, all the hypotheses were significant at p < 0.05. The availability of ACTs is strongly affected by strategic dimensions (0.612), followed by operation dimensions (0.257); strategic determinants significantly affect operational determinants by a magnitude of 0.599. The indirect influence of the strategic determinants via operational determinants on the availability of ACTs is not significant. Overall, the factors explained 63.9% of the observed variance in the availability of ACTs, and the ACT availability can be predicted as follows: ACT availability = 0.612 × strategic determinants + 0.256 × operation determinants. Top management commitment and organizational responsiveness are among the items that positively affect the availability of ACTs. Conclusion: Strategically, hospital management should invest in cheap technology and software to minimize the unavailability of medicines. Our research suggests that strategic and operational determinants should be integrated into the hospitals’ core business and implemented by the top management. The article contributes to theoretical and policy direction in the public sector medicine supply chain, specifically in public hospitals.

scholarly journals Extent of Integration in Agriculture Supply Chain: The Public Sector Stakeholders perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1319-1334
Author(s):  
Nadir Munir Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Nauman Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Supply Chain Integration ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Reasonable Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: Integrating network factors (i.e. Actors, Activities, and Resources), help organizations in achieving superior supply chain performance. Despite reasonable evidence on positive relationship between SCI and SCP, there exists sufficient contradiction on universal integration of chains. This paper is a qualitative exploratory study, which based on the network perspective intends to explore the current and required levels of supply chain integration among actors, activities, and resources in the agriculture supply chain of Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: The data was collected through in depth semi-structured interviews from public sector stake holders of agriculture sector (i.e. From Thirteen wings of Ministry of Agriculture) across Pakistan. The current and required extent of supply chain integration was measured at three levels, i.e. strategic (long-term), tactical (medium-term) and operational (short-term) as suggested by (Childerhouse & Towill, 2011). Findings: The research results indicate that the relationship between supply chain integration and supply chain performance is a contextual phenomenon and significantly varies among Network factors. This study and its findings are expected to add into the literature of supply chain integration and its impact on supply chain performance.

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