HISTORY OF MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT IN TURKISTAN

In the article, after the conquest of the Russian Empire in the province, hospitals were opened for the Russian military and turned them into a hospital. Opened hospitals in Tashkent, Samarkand and Kattakurgan and outpatients for women and men. However,the local population, fearing doctors in uniform, did not want to contact them and turned to healers and paramedics

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The Caucasian War and Population Transfers in the Southern Outskirts of the Russian Empire

Istoriya ◽

10.18254/s207987840016336-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (10 (108)) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

Amiran Urushadze

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Indigenous Population ◽

Local Population ◽

Russian Empire ◽

Research Literature ◽

North Caucasus ◽

Historical Evidence ◽

The North ◽

History Of ◽

The Russian Empire

The article examines the history of transfers (displacements) of the population during the years of the Caucasian War. Transfers are analyzed in the context of the Russian Empire's policy of establishing military and political control in the region. The article is based on the materials of several federal and regional archives, as well as published historical evidence and research literature. The author concludes that the history of colonization of the North Caucasus, which is widely represented in historiography, needs revision. The history of Russian colonization is a narrative about the adaptation of the Cossacks and peasants to the new conditions of life and interaction with the local population. However, new settlers came to the territories previously occupied by the indigenous population forced to leave them. In this respect, it is the history of transfers that allows us to understand the motives of the imperial administration, the mechanisms of organization of relocations, and the resettlement reflection of the population. Another conclusion of the article is that during the course of the Caucasian War, population transfers became one of the standard mechanisms of the Russian administration, and the large-scale eviction of the Adygs in 1862—1864 was a continuation of this policy.

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European Experience in Organization of Military Libraries in the Russian Empire

Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)] ◽

10.25281/0869-608x-2021-70-5-525-538 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (5) ◽

pp. 525-538

Author(s):

Anatoly M. Panchenko

Keyword(s):

Russian Empire ◽

Periodical Press ◽

Legal Documents ◽

Military Literature ◽

European Experience ◽

History Of ◽

Russian Military ◽

The Russian Empire ◽

The Military ◽

First Time

Due to the lack of comprehensive research in the area of use of the experience of military libraries in Europe, the article for the first time examines the ways of studying it and the forms of implementation when establishing military libraries in the Russian Empire. The purpose of the study is to identify the influence of Europe on the military librarianship in Russia.The author collected data from dozens of pre-revolutionary publications, articles from the military periodical press and regulatory documents that allowed to characterize the source base of the study as representative.The article presents the history of military libraries of European states. The results of research show that the main ways to obtain information about them were: the study of foreign military literature and the military periodical press; analysis of regulatory and legal documents (statutes, rules, manuals, regulations, catalogues) regulating the activities of these libraries; foreign business trips of officers and generals in order to familiarize themselves with the structure and functioning of foreign armies and their libraries; reports of Russian military agents; participation in international exhibitions of books and textbooks.The author revealed dozens of articles indicating that the experience of creating and operating of military libraries abroad was widely covered in the Russian military periodical press. The military Department of Russia closely followed these processes, adopting and implementing the best and useful of them taking into account Russian realities. The study of the creation of military libraries in Europe became a prerequisite for their organization in Russia. The European experience was reflected in the ways of budgeting and acquisition, in the forms of management and supervision over them, the formation of regulatory framework and in the variety of their types.The conducted research expanded the understanding of the state of military librarianship in European countries, about the ways of studying their experience by the Russian military Department and the forms of its practical application in the structure of military libraries of the Russian Empire.

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“To Prevent the Destruction of Precious Archives”: The Draft of the Instruction on the Caucasus Military Historical Department Activities (1900)

Herald of an Archivist ◽

10.28995/2073-0101-2020-4-1020-1033 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1020-1033

Author(s):

Tatiana A. Kolosovskaya ◽

Keyword(s):

Military History ◽

Russian Empire ◽

Main Concern ◽

The Caucasus ◽

Military Studies ◽

Caucasus Region ◽

History Of ◽

Russian Military ◽

The Russian Empire ◽

The Military

This is the first publication of the draft of the instruction on Military Historical Department of the Caucasus Military District Stuff activities. It was worked out by the Head of the District Headquarters Major General N.N. Belyavsky in 1900. The document helps to establish the area of responsibility of the institution that was a party in the foundation of the archival fund in the Caucasus region of the Russian Empire. It shows that the main concern of the Military Historical Department was research. Its members collected materials on military history, thus providing the source base for writing academic papers on the history of the Caucasus integration in the Russian Empire. Its areas of work included archiving, museum activities, and publishing. The published document provides valuable data on the problem of perished materials of regional military archives on the example of the Caucasus Military District. It is important that all Caucasus regional military archives were given into the management of the Military Historical Department. According to the instruction its stuff oversaw documents storage, compiling scientific reference apparatus, and destruction of the expired papers. Thus, the Military Historical Department was the institution that was directly responsible for the destruction of old files in the archives of regimens, directorates, and headquarters in the Caucasus Military District. The document may interest those who study the history of military institutions of the Russian Empire or preservation of cultural heritage. The instruction secured to the department such activities as sorting out, description, and control of safekeeping of documents kept in Caucasus military archives, as well as their publication and acquisition, which helped to set the scientific base for Caucasus military history studies. In its functions, the Military Historical Department was the predecessor of the Russian Military Historical Society. The published document is stored in Russian Archive for Military History (Moscow) in the fond of the Imperial Committee for Military Studies.

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The ‘Turkestan Generals’ and Russian Military History

War in History ◽

10.1177/0968344517723373 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 153-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexander Morrison

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Central Asia ◽

Military History ◽

Russian Empire ◽

Public Figures ◽

History Of ◽

Collective Biography ◽

Russian Military ◽

The Russian Empire ◽

The Military

This article is a short collective biography of six so-called ‘Turkestan Generals’, all of whom played a prominent role in the Russian conquest and administration of Central Asia. These campaigns are usually seen as marginal to the military history of the Russian empire in the nineteenth century, but they were central to the reputations of three of the most prominent generals of the period, who became important public figures – Cherniaev, Skobelev, and Kuropatkin. The article shows that this was not accidental, but the product of a carefully constructed narrative in Russian military historiography.

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The policy of imperial acculturation of the northern Kazakh steppes population (mid XVIII-XIX centuries): phenomenon of the Orenburg Kyrgyz school

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv201983213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 188-194

Author(s):

Anton Vladislavovich Kotov

Keyword(s):

Educational Policy ◽

Educational Institution ◽

Local Population ◽

Russian Empire ◽

Cultural Integration ◽

Russian Society ◽

Kazakh Population ◽

History Of ◽

The Russian Empire ◽

Xix Century

This paper covers the main issues of the educational policy of the Russian Empire in the XVIII-XIX centuries in relation to the northern Kazakh steppes population. Examples of peaceful interaction of Russian settlers with the local Kazakh population are considered through the prism of cultural and educational influence, which was expressed at the basis of a number of educational institutions for the foreigners of the northern Kazakh steppes. The significance of the educational and cultural integration of the local population into the Russian society is revealed. The main aspects of the educational policy of the Russian Empire are investigated on the factual material of Russian-foreign schools. The problems of acculturation of the local population and ways to solve them in the works of contemporaries and direct participants in these events are given. Archival materials telling about the history of the educational institution - the Orenburg Kyrgyz School are introduced into scientific circulation. The work of the Orenburg Kyrgyz School is considered, which implied cultural and educational acculturation of the Kazakh population in the middle of the XIX century. The author also reveals the reasons for changing the educational and cultural orientations of the school at different periods of its existence, the results of its work and its role in the process of non-Russian peoples integration into the unified sociocultural space of the Russian Empire.

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THE CENSUS AT THE END OF THE 19thCENTURY IN TURKESTAN:THE HISTORY, THE ANALYSIS, THE RESULTS

Journal of look to the past ◽

10.26739/2181-9599-2020-6-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

Ilkhomjon Gulamov ◽

Keyword(s):

Statistical Data ◽

Local Population ◽

Russian Empire ◽

Point Of View ◽

Population Census ◽

History Of ◽

The Russian Empire ◽

Goals And Objectives

In this article is described the first official which was held the history of population census in the 1897 and its final results are are listed below sectionary area in the Turkistan coutry. The goals and objectives of this list of population, which led by the Russian empire, who led the event,and the questions included in the census program, were scientifically covered. In addition, the statistical data on the total number of local population residing in the Samarkand, Syrdarya and Fergana regions were analyzed from a historical point of view.

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Constructing Colonial Legality in Russian Central Asia: On Guardianship

Comparative Studies in Society and History ◽

10.1017/s0010417514000097 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 419-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paolo Sartori

Keyword(s):

Central Asia ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Local Population ◽

Russian Empire ◽

The State ◽

Institutional History ◽

History Of ◽

The Russian Empire ◽

Legal Subjects ◽

The Military

AbstractThe history of Islamic law in Russian Central Asia defies many of the categorizations offered by both global and Russian imperial history. Recent studies of law in the age of colonialism have concluded that the attainment of legal hegemony in the colonies was consequent upon the initiative of indigenes that strategically manipulated jurisdictions; as colonial subjects increasingly involved the state in their private conflicts, they effectively pushed their masters to consolidate the institutional arrangements through which the state dispensed justice. Historians of the Russian Empire have reached a diametrically different conclusion: under tsarist rule, they argue, Muslims continued to access the services of the “native courts,” which remained mostly untouched following Russia's southeastward expansion. As the empire promoted a policy of differentiated jurisprudence, Russians effectively safeguarded the integrity of Islamic law. I argue that both of the aforementioned approaches are confined to the level of institutional history, and thus fail to consider that the creation of colonial hegemony rested on ways in which colonial subjects understood law and viewed themselves as legal subjects. I show that Russians, from the outset of their rule in Central Asia, initiated Muslims into colonial forms of legality by overcoming the jurisdictional separation they had themselves put in place. In allowing the local population to file their grievances with the military bureaucracy, the Russians effectively pushed Central Asians to reify colonial notions of justice, and thereby distance themselves from the tradition of Islamic legal practices.

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