scholarly journals The personalistic concept of subjectivity in the philosophical heritage of I.A. Ilyin

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
A. V. Vorokhobov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Consistent Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Made In

Introduction. The relevance of the study of the concept of subjectivity in the work of I.A. Ilyin is connected with the fact that the center of the philosophical reflection of the Russian thinker is anthropological problems of a worldview nature, which is consonant with the developments of both domestic researchers and foreign thinkers in connection with permanent attempts to overcome the current crisis of understanding the human phenomenon in modern humanitarian knowledge.Materials and Methods. The research material is the work of I.A. Ilyin, related to subjectivist themes. The principle of historicism, concreteness, the method of reconstruction, the comparative method and the phenomenological approach are the methodological basis that makes it possible to optimally explicate the developments of I.A. Ilyin in the field of subjectivity.Results. It was established that the problem of subjectivity is a backbone for the philosophical system of I.A. Ilyin. Models of German classical philosophy from the point of view of I.A. Ilyin reveal their inconsistency, while the phenomenological approach requires supplementation from the standpoint of ontological realism. From the point of view of I.A. Ilyin, personality gains its concreteness through connection with the initiating personality of the Absolute.Discussions and Conclusions. The study allowed to carry out an explication, a constitution and an analysis of the concept of human subjectivity in the work of I.A. Ilyin. The originality of the understanding of subjectivity in the personalistic philosophy of I.A. Ilyin is made in the context of the thinker's creative reflection on the views of Kant, Fichte, Hegel and Husserl. I.A. Ilyin believes that a consistent model of the subject can be built only taking into account all anthropological constants, including both the rational and the spiritual components in their orientation towards the absolute Subject.

Cloud computing assurance – a review of literature guidance

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossouw von Solms ◽  
Melanie Willett
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
It Governance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Made In

Purpose This paper aims to provide guidance on cloud computing assurance from an IT governance point of view. The board and executive management are tasked with ensuring proper governance of organizations, which should in the end contribute to a sense of assurance. Assurance is understood to be a part of corporate governance which provides stakeholders with confidence in a subject matter by evaluating evidence about that subject matter. Evidence will include proof that proper controls and structures are in place, that risks are managed and that compliance with internal and external requirements is demonstrated with regard to the subject matter. Decisions regarding the use of cloud computing in organizations bring these responsibilities to the fore. Design/methodology/approach The design of this paper is based on an extensive review of literature, predominantly best practices and standards, from the fields covering IT governance, cloud computing and assurance. Findings The results from this paper can be used to formulate cloud computing assurance evidence statements, as part of IT governance mandates. Originality/value This paper aims to add value by highlighting the responsibility of managers to ensure assurance when exploiting opportunities presented through IT advances, such as cloud computing; serving to inform management about the advances that have and are being made in the field of cloud computing guidelines; and motivating that these guidelines be used for assurance on behalf of organizations adopting and using cloud computing.

scholarly journals Metamodernism as a discourse of a new anthropological myth

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Nechaeva
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Axiomatic Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Western European ◽  
Epistemological Point

The present paper concerns the discourse of metamodernism problem as a type of the anthropological myth. The anthropological myth is considered as a project for describing reality, which models a systematic consistent idea of a human being, reality, status of reality and develops ethic, aesthetic, axiological views of a subject. The article aims to determine the peculiarities of metamodernism as a fictional discourse of the anthropological myth on the basis of XXI century European novel analysis. The analysis is carried out with the use of the comparative method, contextual description methods, axiomatic method, discourse analysis method etc. The topicality of the undertaken research is determined by the appearance of a new fictional discourse in art at the beginning of the XXI century as well as a new aesthetic paradigm, not described yet. The texts of Western European novels written in the first two decades of the XXI century reveal authors’ consistent refusal of the principles traditionally viewed as post-modernist – novels featuring a simulated nature of reality, novels problematizing the relationships between the signifying and the signified, decentralizing the subject etc. The attempts to describe a particular cultural situation as an alternative to postmodernism have been taken since the 80’s of the XX century; metamodernism acts as one of such projects for describing the modern cultural situation. The paper analyzes the interpretation models referring to XXI century art on the basis Western European novels of XXI century. The author of the paper concludes that metamodernism as a fictional discourse of the new anthropological myth reflects a different idea of the reality. Metamodernism as a cultural project aims to “return” ontology, assume the availability of reality outside the cognizing subject’s consciousness, and surpass the iconic nature of reality. From the epistemological point of view, metamodernism offers cognition of the world and “Ego” via experience of “Another Ego”.

scholarly journals Chemisation of Agriculture in Selected Legal Acts

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Monika Żuchowska-Grzywacz
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Research Material ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

<p>The article attempts to present an analysis of the status of the concept of chemisation in selected legal acts at the international, EU and national level, and to outline the legal problems related to chemisation in agriculture. The concept of agricultural chemisation belongs to a conceptual framework of other than law branches of empirical sciences, primarily chemistry, natural sciences and agrotechnics. There is no legal definition and it is dispersed in various legal acts, significantly affecting such areas as environmental protection, food safety, food security, protection of the interests of consumers and agricultural entrepreneurs. Due to the specifics of the study, a dogmatic method was used, which analyzed the research material consisting of selected, key provisions of international and EU law and acts of national law. In order to extend the issues and emphasize the issues that are the subject of the study, the method of content analysis and analysis of documents was used, thanks to which the topicality of the discussed issue and its significant importance from the social point of view were shown. The conducted analysis was aimed at showing and emphasizing the multifaceted and complex nature of the issue.</p>

O dopuszczalności zdalnego głosowania w Sejmie na podstawie Konstytucji RP z 1997 r.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3(164) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Janusz Roszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Communication ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

The subject of the article is to assess the admissibility of remote voting in the Sejm by means of electronic communication from the point of view of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, in particular Article 109(1) and Article 120. The aim of the article is to determine – with the use of dogmatic, historical and comparative method – the possibility of holding a valid sitting of the Sejm in the presence of deputies remotely participating in the sitting. The text takes the view that a purposive interpretation allows for the holding of a sitting of the Sejm in virtual form (by permitting remote voting) in exceptional situations, in particular when the physical presence of deputies in the plenary chamber is impossible or would involve a serious risk to their life or health. The technical means used for remote voting should ensure that all authorised deputies have a secure and effective connection to the voting equipment, i.e. that the voter can be identified, that it is tamper-proof and that the vote can be cast efficiently.

Mythological Themes in Artworks of Ernests Brastins and Arvids Brastins

2014 ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Austra Celmiņa-Ķeirāne
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Formal Structure ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Symbolic Representations ◽  
Visual Text ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

The aim of the study is to analyse artwork of Ernests Brastins (1892-1942) and Arvids Brastins (1893-1984) from the point of view of content and iconology, and the formal structure of work, which helps to reveal the author’s ideological direction. Using the comparative method, the visual text (artwork) is compared to the verbal (folklore) text, in an attempt to find parallels to the way they reflect Latvian mythological conceptions. An appropriate folksongs and beliefs are chosen for the artwork selected for the analysis, which serve as an explanatory material for the subject. The elements included in the work compositions are analyzed in the context of Latvian symbolic representations of natural phenomenon, godheads of pagan religion of pre-Christianity and ethical values.

scholarly journals On mauve or aniline-purple

1864 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Amorphous Body ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Correct Formula ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chemical Characters ◽  
Made In

The discovery of this colouring matter in 1856, and its introduction as a commercial article, has originated that remarkable series of compounds known as coal-tar colours, which have now become so numerous, and in consequence of their adaptibility to the arts and manufactures are of such great and increasing importance. The chemistry of mauve may appear to have been rather neglected, its composition not having been established, although it has formed the subject of several papers by continental chemists. Its chemical nature also has not been generally known; and to this fact many of the discrepancies in the results of the different experimentalists who have worked on this subject are to be attributed. The first analysis I made of this colouring matter was in 1856, soon after I had become its fortunate discoverer. The product I examined was purified as thoroughly as my knowledge of its properties then enabled me, and the results obtained agree very closely with those required for the formula I now propose. Since that time I have often commenced the study of this body in a scientific point of view, but other duties have prevented me from completing these investigations; but, although unacquainted with its correct formula, its chemical characters have necessarily been well known to me for a considerable time. When first introduced, commercial mauve appeared as an almost perfectly amorphous body ; but now, owing to the great improvements which have been made in its purification, it is sent into the market perfectly pure and crystallized.

V. N. Lossky’s Teaching on the Distinction Between Essence and Energy in God: Antinomy or Gross Contradiction?

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-90
Author(s):  
Сергий Фуфаев
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Divine Simplicity ◽  
Great Strength ◽  
Internal Contradiction ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Infinite Variety ◽  
Made In

В статье предлагается ответ на критику Е. В. Зайцевым учения В. Н. Лосского о различении сущности и энергий в Боге. Е. В. Зайцев полагает, что учение В. Н. Лосского обладает грубым внутренним противоречием, которое привело к разрыву между теологией и икономией. На взгляд автора, данные выводы не обоснованы, в связи с чем в статье предпринята попытка богословского анализа наиболее важных аспектов учения В. Н. Лосского о различении сущности и энергий в Боге с целью определить характер этого различения (с точки зрения указанных аспектов). В ходе исследования были особо подчеркнуты следующие идеи: творение есть акт воли, а не акт природы; нетварные энергии есть бытие всего существующего, а между нетварной сущностью и сущностью тварной пролегает бесконечное онтологическое расстояние; абсолютное совершенство есть абсолютная простота, абсолютное совершенство предполагает бесконечное разнообразие бесконечных и всемогущих энергий, основанных на единой нетварной сущности; между действующим и действием не может быть никакого сложения; в силу бесконечности нетварных сущности и энергий они сведены к абсолютной неделимости и простоте; абсолютная неповторимость личности есть абсолютная простота; нетварная Личность Христа одновременно пребывает в нетварной природе и природе тварной неделимо; в состоянии обожения человек бесконечно усваивает свойство божественной простоты; обожение осуществляется бесконечно от силы в бóльшую силу и др. В результате исследования автор пришёл к выводу, что с точки зрения рассмотренных аспектов богословия В. Н. Лосского его различение сущности и энергий в Боге является не грубым противоречием, а онтологической антиномией, указывающей на неисчерпаемую тайну бытия Бога, Его творческого акта, бытия творения и обожения человека. The article proposes an answer to criticism by E.V. Zaitsev of the teachings of V.N. Lossky about the distinction between essence and energy in God. E. V. Zaitsev believes that this doctrine has a gross internal contradiction, which led to the gap between «theology» and «economy». In the author’s opinion, these conclusions are not substantiated. In this connection, an attempt is made in the article to theologically analyze the most important aspects of V.N. During the study, the following ideas were especially emphasized: creation is an act of will, not an act of nature; uncreated energies are the being of all that exists, and between the uncreated essence and the creaturely essence lies an infinite ontological distance; absolute perfection is absolute simplicity; absolute perfection implies an infinite variety of infinite and omnipotent energies based on a single uncreated entity; there can be no addition between the acting and the action; due to the infinity of uncreated essences and energies they are reduced to absolute indivisibility and simplicity; the absolute uniqueness of personality is absolute simplicity; the uncreated Person of Christ is simultaneously in the uncreated nature and the created nature; in a state of deification, a person endlessly assimilates the property of divine simplicity; deification is carried out endlessly from strength to great strength, etc. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that from the point of view of the considered aspects of VN Lossky’s theology, his distinction between essence and energy in God is not a gross contradiction, but an ontological antinomy, indicating an inexhaustible the secret of the being of God, His creative act, the being of creation and deification of man.

The Silence of Iago

PMLA ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stempel
Keyword(s):  
Moral Values ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Individual

In his speech on “vertue” (I.iii) Iago defends the absolute power of the individual to will freely. This doctrine of the autonomous will was commonly attributed to the Jesuit theologian, Molina, whose writings were then the subject of bitter controversy. Iago's subtle twisting of moral values also falls into the pattern of malign casuistry and cynical self-aggrandizement associated with the Jesuit image in England. Iago, then, is not the usual Machiavel who spurns both religion and morality; he is the Jesuitical Machiavel who employs the language of piety to “enmesh them all.” Convinced that he is the master of his will, Iago usually finds no difficulty in supplying motives for his actions; yet, after he is unmasked, he doggedly remains silent. From the Augustinian (and Shakespearean) point of view this is simply the ultimate mute evidence that, contrary to his belief, Iago has been mastered by a radically evil will for which he has merely supplied both motive and opportunity. Like the Pardoner and the Ancient Mariner, he knows what he has done, but does not (in the fullest sense of the word) know why he has done it.

Apophatical Metaphysics of a Subject

1998 ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Igor D. Nevvazhay
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

In this paper, the inevitability of the metaphysics of a subject for the philosophical understanding of a person’s being in the world is established, and the apophatic character of this type of metaphysics is discussed. Analysis of the categories of being and non-being which allow the interpretation of a subject as transcendent and as transcendental being that is characterized by uniformity, spontaneity and irreversibility is also mentioned. The suggested interpretation of a subject discloses both the rational sense of the classical points of view on the absolute, unconditional, timeless and spaceless character of the subject of knowledge, and the compatibility of the notions of the absolute character of a subject and the ontological condition of a human being in society and culture. The main idea of the suggested conception of a subject is the fact that the subject’s being cannot be "housed" into the world, nor can it be characterized as impossible existence for the world. The world can be understood only from the point of view of being impossible (symbolic) existence. The discussion of the problem of identification of a subject shows that the presumption of a subject as one of the existing structures of the world leads to paradoxes and contradictions in the interpretation of the processes taking place in the world. To understand the process of education, it is necessary to bear in mind that it is not only cognitive, but also moral: education is the process of the formation of a subject of knowledge through identification with transcendental symbolic existence, which fact demands making efforts to be on the part of the thinking person.

scholarly journals The Legal Protection of Wild Animals in the Context of Contemporary Challenges with Particular Emphasis on Global Conditions: Selected Issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-264
Author(s):  
Marian Zdyb
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Effective System ◽  
International Importance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

The article is of a research nature and has been prepared using methods appropriate for this type of publication. Obviously, the formal-dogmatic or legal-comparative method is important in this respect. However, the observation of the actual state related to the implementation of the protection in question is also not without significance. Such an approach is reflected in the adopted aim and formulated research theses. The subject matter of the article is very important from the point of view of the protection of the environment and natural resources, of which the animal world is an important element. The publication concerns issues of international importance and is undoubtedly original in character, which makes it valuable not only for scholarship but also for practice. The protection of animals is connected with saving the environment and the order in which humans live. Therefore, humanitarian and ethical considerations – reflected in legal scholarship and in normative acts – should also be taken into account. This is expressed in Article 1 (1) of the Polish Act of 21 August 1997 on the protection of animals (consolidated text, Journal of Laws 2020, item 638), which states that: “An animal as a living being capable of suffering, is not a thing. Humans owe him respect, protection and care”. Such an obligation in Poland also results from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Undoubtedly, a very important element in the protection of animals is the development of an appropriate system of national law and international law. Their coexistence is a guarantee of effective legal protection of animals, especially those threatened with extinction. For an optimal model of law in the field of animal protection to be formed, it is important to shape an effective system of authorities, services and institutions equipped with rational instruments for action. Effective supranational cooperation seems essential to optimise activities to save animals threatened with extinction.

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